Title,Keywords,Location Name,Street,Additional,City,Postal Code,Province,Country,Latitude,Longitude,Data Holder,Publications,Subnetworks,Images,Website,Year Began,On-Going,Year ended,Continent,Comments,Annual Precipiation,Mean Annual Soil Temperature,Isothermic,Soil Moisture,Atmospheric deposition,Dominant plant,Landuse,Ecoregion,Landform,Slope,Elevation,Geological material,Design,Plot area,Plot number,Soil Order,Soil Taxa,Data Archive,Vegetative sample archived,Soil Solid samples archived,Samples from multiple depths,Sample frequency,Year of first sample for archive,Year of last sample for archive,pH and acidity,Organic Carbon,Nitrogen,Other Macronutrients,Micronutrients,Chemical contaminents,Water holding capacity,Bulk Density,Mineralogy,pH and alkalinity,DOC,Other macronutrients,micronutrients,Surface fluxes,concentrations belowground,biomass above ground,biomass below ground,macronutrient contents,Micronutrient content,Harves mass,Harvest nutrient content,MacroInvertebrates,MicroInvertebrates,MicroOrganisms,Molecular Biology "30 year experiment involving various lengths of pasture alternating with field crops like corn, sunflower, wheat and soybean experiment","","","","","","","","Argentina","","","","","","","","","","","South America","PAC.12.13.05 - Added from email fwd from DRichter PAC.11.28.05 - Initial Contact Form Letter emailed to Dr. Hernan Echeverria @ hecheverr@balcarce.inta.gov.ar ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A comparison of strategies for ameliorating subsoil acidity: I. Long-term growth effects","","","","","","","","South Africa","-28.516667","29.350000","Thibaud, Guy","A comparison of strategies for ameliorating subsoil acidity: I. Long-term growth effectsA comparison of strategies for ameliorating subsoil acidity: II. Long-term soil effects","","","http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/64/2/646","1990","Terminated","","Africa","Additional Literature: Farina, MP and P Channon. 1988a. Acid-subsoil amelioration: I. A comparison of several mechanical procedures. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 52:169-175. Farina, MP and P Channon. 1988b. Acid-subsoil amelioration: II. Gypsum effects on growth and subsoil chemical properties. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 52:175-180. Farina, MP and P Channon. 1991. A field comparison of lime requirement indices for maize. Plant Soil 134:127-135. Emd Farina 13 July 05; Recd em on termination of this LTSE. Guy Thibaud, thibaudg@dae.kzntl.gov.za Soil-Science-Society-of-America-Journal. 2000; 64(2): 652-658 farina@nitrosoft.co.za MPW Farina ","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","800-1500","","4 replications of a randomized complete block design with 11 treatments applied 3 months prior to planting in 1982. ","100-1000","","Ultisol","Plinthic Paleudult","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1982","1992","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Aichi rice studies","","","","","","","","Japan","","","","Long term rice","","","","1924","On-going","","Asia","G.D. Batten,Y. Hamada and L.C. Campbell (2006) Relationships between yield, protein and mineral concentrations in brown rice. Cereals 2005 Eds C Blanchard and AB BlakeneyRoyal Australian Chemical Institute, Cereal Chemistry Division, North Melbourne, Vic. (In press)","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Arctic Long-Term Ecological Research","Tundra Low-arctic Arctic ","Toolik Lake Field Station","","","","","","United States","68.627500","-149.597500","","","","","Arctic Long Term Ecological Research Site","1979","On-going","","North America","Research began in earnest at this site after the completion of the Dalton Highway (a.k.a. the Haul Road) between Fairbanks and Prudhoe Bay (a.k.a. Deadhorse), which parallels the oil pipeline. The earliest research (~1975) was aquatic, but terrestrial research began in the late 1970's and early 1980's. The first terrestrial studies examined plant-nutrient dynamics and limitations. Small greenhouses were erected to induce warming along and in combination with fertilizer applications. Some of these plots are still maintained and are available on a limited basis to soil scientists interested in how the soil biogeochemistry has changed over the decades. Many studies have been done measuring climate-change related parameters (e.g. GHG flux). A very large data set is maintained on the Arctic LTER website: http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/arc/Datatable.html Working at Toolik is relatively easy and comfortable, as the camp has expanded greatly in the last few years. Support is now available year-round. However, support for logistics (i.e. user-days, etc.) must be included in NSF0-funded proposals.","<400","Cryic/Frigid: <8C","No","Aquic","","Eriophorum vaginatum (dominates tussock tundra), Betula nana & Salix spp. (dominate shrub tundra)","Other","Polar","The camp is located in the foothills of the North Slope of the Brooks Mountain Range. Terrain right around camp is gently rolling and punctuated by larger hills.","","500-800","","","","","Gelisol","Moist Acidic Tussock Tundra: Aquaturbel Shrub Tundra: Umbrothel Wet Sedge Tundra: Hemistel","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes" "Arlington Plots, Wisconsin","","","","","","","","United States","43.300000","-89.350000","","Effects of long-term soil acidification due to nitrogen fertilizer inputs in Wisconsin","","","","1958","","","North America","Wisconsin Peterson Long-Term Soil Fertility Experiment; Barak et al. 1997. Effects of long-term soil acidification due to nitrogen fertilizer inputs in Wisconsin. Plant and Soil 197: 6169.","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol","USDA system: Plano silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic, Typic Argiudoll).","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Askov Long-Term Experiments on Animal Manure and Mineral Fertilizers - Lermarken","","","","","","","","Denmark","55.466667","9.116667","Christensen, Bent","Organic Phosphorus in Soil Size Separates Characterized by Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Resin ExtractionSoil sulphur status following long-term annual application of animal manure and mineral fertilizers","Askov Long-Term Experiments","","http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/63/5/1123","1894","","","Europe","Bent T. Christensen Dep. Agroecology, Danish Inst. of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark Bent.T. Christensen@agrsci.dk Ph: (+45) 8999 1709 archive - Manure analysed for N, P and K and data since 1949 stored electronically. Soils have been analysed for a long range of parameters, including isotopes, physical, biological and chemical properties in separate short-term projects embedded in the long-term experiments. A list of references to reports on these studies is available upon request.","800-1200","","","Udic","","Arable 4-year rotation of Triticum aestivum (winter wheat), Beta vulgaris (beet roots); from 2005 and onwards replaced by Zea mays (silage maize), Hordeum vulgare (spring barley)and grass-legume mixture. With four fields (blocks), every crop is reprented every year.","Arable","Cool Temperate","flat, well sheltered by the prevailing westerly winds","0-2%","0-200","*mixed morainic deposits","Agronomic plot experiments (plot size from 69 to 110 m2)with replicated treatments. Main factors are different nutrient rates (unmanures,1/2, 1, 1 1/2, 2), with equivalent inputs of major plant nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers (NPK) or in animal manure. Also plots receiving only N, P, K, NK, NP, PK.","","","Alfisol","Hapludalf","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1923","2004","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Askov Long-Term Experiments on Animal Manure and Mineral Fertilizers - Sandmarken","","","","","","","","Denmark","55.466667","9.116667","Christensen, Bent","Organic Phosphorus in Soil Size Separates Characterized by Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Resin ExtractionSoil sulphur status following long-term annual application of animal manure and mineral fertilizers","Askov Long-Term Experiments","","http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/reprint/63/5/1123","1894","","","Europe","archive - Manure analysed for N, P and K and data since 1949 stored electronically.","800-1200","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol"," Orchrept","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Baltimore urban long-term ecological research project","nitrous oxide Nitrogen methane carbon dioxide CARBON ","Baltimore","","","Baltimore","21227","","United States","39.244044","-76.675922","Groffman, Peter","","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","Baltimore Ecosystem Study","1998","On-going","","North America","Long-term soil data can be reached under ""data"" then ""BES core data""","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU) research farm","","","","","","","","Bangladesh","24.083333","90.266667","","Response of radish to varying levels of irrigation water and fertilizer potassium on clay terrace soil of Bangladesh","","","http://www.bsmrau.org/","","","","Asia","","","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Inceptisol","The farm soil is a terrace soil, belonging to Salna series, and has been","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Beet rotations of Russian Central Chernozem Zone","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","","","","","","","Russia","51.645294","39.265136","","","","","","1968","On-going","","Europe","Before experiment the field was used for commercial crop yield by VNIISS experimental farm. ","400-800","","No","Ustic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Experimental field is situated on upland territory within Don-Voronezh interfluve. Elevation is 145 m (asl.), territory is flat. Groundwater depth - 60-65 m.","","","","Experimental plan is available in text format for this experiment. ","","","","Russian classification: leached chernozem, silty loam, medium humus content, medium deep. Parent rock - loess. Profile description A (0-30), arable dark-grey colour, cloddy granular structure, silty loam, loose structure, distinct transition A (30-33), underarable dark-grey colour, cloddy-granular, silty loam, compact, gradual transition AB (33-48) brownish dark-grey colour,subangular-cloddy with prismatic tendency, silty loam, compact, pierced by roots, fine porousity, gradual transition B (48-69) effervescence line 54 cm, prismatic subangular cloddy structure,silty loam, brown, abundant crotovina, gradual transition BCÿ4cÿ0 (69-132) yellowish brown, silty loam, prismatic-large nutty, fine porousity, humus coatings on ped faces, contains crotovina, carbonate pseudomycelium since 70 cm depth, gradual transition Cÿ4cÿ0 132 yellowish grey calcareous loam, prismatic structure, carbonate pseudomycelium Rooting layer depth 0-75 cm ","Yes","No","","","Every 5 years","1968","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes" "Bhubaneswar Centre, Orissa (All India Coordinated)","","","","","","","","India","20.100000","85.750000","Swarup, Anand","","","","http://www.tnau.ac.in/scms/SSAC/Res/SACltfe.htm","1972","","","Asia","ssac@tnau.ac.in Coimbatore and Ranchi http://uasbng.kar.nic.in/icar1.asp","","","","","","","","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol","Aeric Haplaquepts (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Bicserd - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","46.024144","18.080062","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol","Aquochrept (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Billa Billa Fallow Management Experiment","","","","","","","","Australia","-28.166667","150.250000","Thomas, Greg","","","","http://www.grdc.com.au/growers/oft/oft_search/docs/qld_sth/qs01/index.htm","1983","","","Australia","Greg.Thomas@dpi.qld.gov.au Greg Thomas, Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines, Ph 07 4639 8822 Email: GT 16 Sept 05 solid - Soil nematodes, incidence of soil and stubble-borne diseases, soil insects, herbicide residues, soil physical properties (infiltration, pore size distribution).","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","","Natural native forest adjacent to the experiments.","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Red Brown Sodosol","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Biloela Tillage Experiment","","","","","","","","Australia","-24.366667","150.516667","Radford, Bruce","","","","","1983","On-going","","Australia","LMB 1 Biloela Q 4715 Site is located on a Queensland Government Research Station ","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Ustic","No","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","4 tillage treatments (traditional tillage, stubble mulch tillage, reduced tillage and zero tillage) split for two fertiliser treatments (control and N+Zn)x 4 replications","1000-3000","","Multiple","Vertisol and Aridisol","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","","1983","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No" "Biology of Forest Growth","","","","","","","","Australia","","","","BFG Biology of Forest Growth","","","","1983","On-going","","Australia","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Breeding of Improved Potato Cultivars","","","","","","","","Argentina","-37.727280","-58.688964","","SERRANA INTA - A WIDELY ADAPTED, VIRUS RESISTANT POTATO CULTIVAR FROM ARGENTINA","","","http://www.fao.org/AG/AGL/agll/globdir/SouthA/arge","1941","","","South America","C.C. 276 - 7620, Balcarce, Argentina cited in Steiner and Herdt (1993) and Hartemink (2003)","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","Surrounding environment is Corn and pasture fields. In the station, other experimental crops.","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","The progenitors are grouped in three crossing blocks according to their protein electrophoretic patterns and parentage to increase heterosis, some 700 crosses are done each year with a production of about 500,000 seeds. Systematic transplanting of 100,000 seedlings and field multiplication and selection is done for early generations. Flexible progression of clonal multiplication is performed except for first year clones, where one tuber is always selected in the field and 4-5 cuts are planted the next generation. Growers' trials are performed at the fourth year in the field with 25 plants in one row plots with four replicates in two locations. Advanced clones are evaluated accordingly in a national network with 15 locations; seventy to eighty clones are included in these trials every year. ","","","Mollisol","Typic Argiudols. 6% O. Matter.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Breton Plots","","","","","","","","Canada","53.116667","-114.466667","Noorallah, Juma","Influence of long-term tillage, straw and N fertilizer on barley yield, plant-N uptake and soil-N balanceLong-Term Changes in Soil Carbon under Different Fertilizer, Manure, and Rotation: Testing the Mathematical Model ecosys with Data from the Breton PlotsLong-term influence of cropping systems, tillage methods, and N sources on nitrate leachingCarbon Balance of the Breton Classical Plots over Half a CenturyCrop and nitrogen yield in legume-based rotations practiced with zero tillage and low-input methodsManagement effects on the dynamics and storage rates of organic matter in long-term crop rotationsSimulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long-term data","","","http://bretonplots.rr.ualberta.ca/","1929","On-going","","North America","Renewable Resources The University of Alberta 751 General Services Building Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1 CANADA (780) 492-4413 Email: chair.rr@ualberta.ca archive - Soil samples for earlier periods are available for 1936/38, 1957, 1968, 1969 and 1979. Annual precipitation: 547 mm Annual mean temperature: 2.1 oC. This plots lie in isothermic region. About 15 years ago, the Breton Plots site had been converted from a mixed aspen (Populus spp.)-spruce (Picea spp.) to cultivated arigculture. I am not sure what are the dominant species in this plot since several agricultural species have been cultivated. The Classical Plots consist of 6 blocks and 11 treatments. The rotations are (1) a 2-year Wheat-Fallow (WF) rotation; and (2) a 5-year Wheat-Oat-Barley-Hay-Hay (WOBHH) rotation. Several sets of medium-term experimental plots are located in the southern half. Current experiments include management of straw/tillage and phosphorus fertilizer.","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Typic Cryoboralfs. Gray Luvisols (Gray Wooded soils) complexed with Dark Gray Luvisols (Canadian Classification System).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Brigalow Catchment Study","","","","","","","","Australia","-24.800000","149.783333","Cowie, Bruce","The Brigalow Catchment Study: I. Overview of a 40-year study of the effects of land clearing in the brigalow bioregion of AustraliaThe Brigalow Catchment Study: II. Clearing brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) for cropping or pasture increases runoffThe Brigalow Catchment Study: III. Productivity changes on brigalow land cleared for long-term cropping and for grazing","","Brigalow Catchment Study aerial view","Queensland Government - Dept. Natural Resources and Water","1965","On-going","","Australia","Brigalow Research Station Via Theodore, Queensland, 4719, Australia Data archive consists of: Water balance - continuous rainfall and runoff record throughout (available for download), soil water (to 2m) from 1981 to present. Productivity - crop history and grain yield and quality (available for download), establishment and anthesis dry matter and cattle weight gain (available for download), pasture on offer. Resource condition - soil fertility, runoff water quality, ground cover, pasture sp composition, scrub botanical composition and spatial distribution. Sample archive consists of: Soil samples - surface soil (0-0.1m) sampled annually from 1981 (before clearing) to 1987, then in 1990, 1993, 1997, 2000 and 2003. Soil profile (0-2m or resistance) sampled biennially from 1981 to 1987 then in 1990, 1993, 1997, 2000 and 2003 at the same time as the surface samples. Soil samples have been analysed for a range of parameters including: CEC; exchangeable cations; 1:5 pH, EC, Cl; available and total N and P; particle size; organic carbon, minor elements and more. Crop grain samples have been analysed for N, P and K. Other data sets include: Distribution and load of pulled vegetation prior to burning. Pasture ""Botanal"" biannually 1982 - 1989 and annually 2000-2004. Botanical composition and distribution within scrub catchment using ""TRAPS"" techniques Soil water content has been measured monthly or bimonthly from 1981 to 1989, then triannually to present at planting, anthesis and harvest time of crops. A piezometer network and groundwater bore exist at the site.","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Ustic","No","Vegetation at the site has structural forms that vary from medium open forest to medium woodland, usually shrubby. Acacia harpophylla (brigalow) is consistently present in the upper story which can also include Eucalyptus cambageana (blackbutt), and Casuarina cristata (belah) as co-dominant species. Geijera parviflora (wilga), Opuntia tomentose (Velvet Tree Pear), Myoporum deserti (ellangowan poison bush), Eremophila mitchellii (false sandalwood) and Carissa ovata (current bush) are present in varying proportions and dominate the shrubby layer. Ground flora consist of a wide range of graminoids (e.g. Cymbopogon refractus (lemon scented barbed wire grass), Cyperus gracilis (slender sedge)) and forbes (e.g. Enchylaena tomentosa (berry cotton bush) and Brunoniella australis (blue trumpet)) (Johnson 2004).","Other","Warm Subtropical","The catchments are part of a plain of moderate relief of undulating to nearly flat plains with extensive depositional slopes. ","2-5%","0-200","""The experimental site is located in the SE corner of the Bowen Basin geological zone on the Mimosa syncline, where isolated remnant tertiary sandstone and conglomerates overlie about 2,500 m of the Triassic Moolayember, Clematis and Rewan sediments of sandstone, siltstone and conglomerates of marine and non marine origin (Olgers 1966, Perry 1968). Sandstone from the Rewan formation outcrops in the area and is the likely parent material of soils at the site (R.J. Allen Geological Survey of Queensland pers. comm.) The depth to the sandstone varies from about 0.9 m under the duplex soils to 2-4 m beneath the clay soils (R.J. Tucker, pers. comm.).""","In 1965, three adjoining catchments of virgin brigalow scrub were instrumented to record rainfall and runoff over a 17 year callibration period. In 1982, two catchments were cleared, one for cropping, the other for grazed (cattle) buffel grass pastures. Prior to clearing monitoring increased to include additional aspects of water balance (soil water, shallow ground water), resource condition (soil fertility and properties at three permanent monitoring sites per catchment), off-site impacts (runoff water quality - nutrients, sediments and pesticides) and productivity (various parameters of crop (establishment, anthesis dry matter, yield, grain quality), pasture (species, composition and availability) and cattle weight gains). ","","3-10","Multiple"," Mollic Torrerts Typic Natrustalfs","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1981","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No" "Broadbalk Winter Wheat Experiment","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","51.816667","0.350000","Poulton, Paul","","","","http://www.fwag.org.uk/html/iacrBroa.htm","1843","On-going","","Europe","achive - Some samples of ground chaff, stubble from 15N exp solid - Almost all treatment strips underdrained in 1849 a water - Soil water obtained from tile drains.","","","No","","","Triticum ","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Flinty-silty clay loam over clay-with-flints. Stag","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Broom's Barn - Long Term Experiment No. 2","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","51.809118","-0.355210","Allison, Marc","","Rothamsted","","http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/broom/","1965","On-going","","Europe","IACR Broom's Barn, Higham, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, IP28 6NP, England archive - Time zero soil measurements taken. As far as I am aware samples are taken from each block of the experiment (0-23, 23-60,60-90 cm) are stored. * Details of soil sampling method: Auger - When sampled regularly several (6) cores are bulked together for each plot. * Soil is separated into layers * Details of measuring depths and soil layers: 0-23 cm: Originally one per rotation (ie 3 years) but now once per two or three rotations, dependent on labour availability. 23-60, 60-90 cm: Some samples on certain treatments in certain years. solid - Total carbon: Once per 2 or 3 rotations * Method of measuring total carbon: Dichromate (Walkley/Black) method * Total nitrogen: Once per 2 or 3 rotations * Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl - modified to include nitrate. * Total mineral nitrogen: Yearly on certain plots * Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: Extraction with 2M KCl, analysis by Technicon. * Soil bulk density or weight: Infrequently * Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Using ""undisturbed"" core method. * Other nutrients: P, K, Na, Mg - infrequently * Atmospheric inputs: On a weekly/monthly basis - see Keith Goulding. vegetative - Yield: Yearly * Total above-ground dry matter: Yearly * Total dry matter offtake: Yearly * Nitrogen content of offtake: Yearly * Yearly: P, K, Na, Mg","400-800","Mesic: 8 to 15C","Yes","","Yes","Sugar beet, Spring oats, Winter wheat.","Arable","Cool Temperate","""Land use = cropping sequence: Sugar beet, Spring oats, Winter wheat. Treatments: 3 levels of N, 2 levels of P, 2 levels of K, Na and FYM.""","0-2%","","","Width of smallest plot is 5.08 m Length of smallest plot is 15.95 m Slope: slight . Shape: concave Details of direction of cultivation: Right angles to plots Width of Discard Strip around plot: 1 m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 2 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a randomized plot design. There are control plots described as follows: * Treatment A: No inputs; Treatment I: Standard inputs ","","","","Barrow series: Typical paleoargillic brown earth","","","Yes","Yes","","1965","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "BT1 - Long-term sugarcane trial","","South African Sugarcane Research Institute","","","","","","South Africa","-29.700000","31.033333","Van Antwerpen, Rianto","","","","","1939","On-going","","Africa","Date LTSE began - 25 Oct 1939","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","No","Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","5-10%","0-200","Dolerite","The main experimental treatments are: (i) green cane harvested with retention of a trash blanket (100% cover) (T), (ii) burning prior to harvest with tops left scattered on plots (67% cover) (Bt) and (iii) burning prior to harvest with all tops raked of plots (Bto). The treatments are either (a) unfertilized (Fo) or (b) fertiilized annually with 140 kg N/ha, 20 kg P/ha and 140 kg K/ha (F). The experiment is replicated four times in a randomized split-plot design.","10-100","","Vertisol","","Yes","No","Yes","","Annual","1998","2007","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","" "Burning causes long-term changes in soil organic matter content of a South African grassland","","","","","","","","South Africa","","","","Burning causes long-term changes in soil organic matter content of a South African grassland","","","","1953","","","Africa","","","","","","","","Other","","","","","","","","","Ultisol","Plinthic Acrisols","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Butler County Industrial Pine Forest, AL USA","forestry ","","","","","","","United States","31.740000","-86.670000","Richter, Daniel","","","","","1980","On-going","","North America","Forest soil density studies conducted in 1980s. Archival samples collected early 1980s and in 2001 from permanent plots that are growing industrially managed pine. Gent, J.A., Jr. and L.A. Morris. 1986. Soil compaction from harvesting and site preparation in the Upper Gulf Coastal Plain. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 50:443-446. Larry Morris UGA Jim Gent IP Corp","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Udic","","Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L), planted 1982.","","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","Upper Gulf Coastal Plain sediments","RCBD","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","1982","2001","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Calhoun Long-Term Soil-Ecosystem Experiments","","Sumter National Forest","","","","","South Carolina","United States","34.607991","-81.723872","Richter, Daniel","Bioavailability of slowly cycling soil phosphorus: Major restructuring of soil-P fractions over four decades in an aggrading forestChanges in stable isotopic signatures of soil nitrogen and carbon during 40 years of forest developmentLegacies of agriculture and forest regrowth in the nitrogen of old-field soilsLong-term soil potassium availability from a Kanhapludult to an aggrading loblolly pine ecosystemRapid accumulation and turnover of soil carbon in a re-establishing forestSoil chemical change during three decades in an old-field loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) ecosystemThe Calhoun Experimental ForestUnderstanding Ecosystem Change at the Calhoun Experimental Forest.","","Calhoun GulliesCalhoun Gullies along Road 1950s","http://calhoun.env.duke.edu/","1957","On-going","","North America","Box 90328; LSRC, NSEES, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA Originators: Drs. Louis Metz and Carol G. Wells, USDA Forest Service scientists archive - Rain, throughfall, soil solutions every 2 or 3 weeks 1992-1994; 2003-2005. gas - Periodic collections of soil CO2 and gas fluxes. Radon, O2, and methane also occassionally collected.","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Udic","Yes","Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings planted 1957","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","Upper level surface of interfluve","0-2%","","Granitic gneiss","4x4 randomized block design","1000-3000","10-20","Ultisol","Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","1962","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes" "Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve","Successional dynamics primary productivity and disturbance patterns plant-herbivore dynamic nutrient budgets and cycles climatic variation and the wetland/upland boundary ","Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve","2660 Fawn Lake Dr. NE","","East Bethel","55005","","United States","45.401000","-93.201000","Bahauddin, Dan","","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve","","On-going","","North America","","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","Yes","Udic","Yes","","Other","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1982","2009","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes" "Center for Environmental Farming Systems","","","","","","","","United States","","","Bell, Melissa","Multiple","","","http://www.cefs.ncsu.edu/","1996","On-going","","North America","North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27609","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","","","Other","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","A randomized complete block design with three replications of 3 diverse agricultural systems, a woodlot system and a successional ecosystem.","","","Ultisol","Mixed Series, mostly a variety of Tomotley series","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1999","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","" "Central Arizona - Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research Site","urban Sonoran Desert metropolitan area human Arizona ","Global Insititute of Sustainability","800 S. Cady Mall","Arizona State University","Tempe","85287-5402","","United States","33.418043","-111.932873","Information Manager, CAP LTER","","","","Central Arizona - Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research Site","1997","On-going","","North America","","<400","Hyperthermic: >22C","No","Xeric","Yes","Larrea tridentata, Ambrosia deltoidea","Other","Warm Subtropical","Basin and Range Province, characterized by numerous mountain ranges that rise abruptly from broad, plain-like valleys or basins.","2-5%","200-500","Age of the rock in the Basin and Range Province ranges from Precambrian to Quaternary. The three major rock classes of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary are well represented. Precambrian and Tertiary granitic rocks are quite common. Abundant volcanic rocks cover the spectrum from rhyolitic to basaltic (acidic to basic) and range in age from Mesozoic to Quaternary. Composition of the older volcanics is mostly intermediate to silicic. Welded ash flows (tuffs) or ignimbrites are particularly widespread. Younger volcanic rocks in the Basin and Range Province are mostly basaltic. Metamorphic rocks include gneiss and schist, all mostly Precambrian and Mesozoic. Limestone, sandstone, quartzite and shale are sedimentary rocks mostly Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic in age. Sediments filling the intermontane basins contain gravels, sands, silts, clays, marl, gypsum and salt that represent combinations of fluvial, lacustrine, colluvial and alluvial fan deposits. Excepting areas in the lower Colorado River valley, basin fill is the product of continental sedimentation rather than of marine. The fill also has lesser amounts of interbedded volcanic rocks. ","204 sample plots (30m x 30m) located randomly using a tessellation-stratified dual-density sampling design over appr. 6400 km2 including urbanized and desert land.","10-100",">20","Aridisol","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Every 5 years","2000","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No" "China FACE","FACE elevated Ozone CO2 ","China FACE","","","Nanjing","","","China","32.598601","119.725914","Jianguo, Zhu","","","","China FACE","2001","On-going","","Asia","We develop an open-air ozone control system, conduct by using the system a free-air concentration enrichment with ozone and CO2 in China, and observe the productivity of wheat and rice under elevated ozone and CO2 concentration in the field. ","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Aquic","Yes","Rice and Wheat","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","4 elevated Ozone plots 4 elevated CO2 plots each plot is 120 square meters","100-1000","10-20","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes" "Chronic Nitrogen Amendment Experiment","nitrogen cycling litter biomass ","Harvard Forest","","","","","","United States","42.540000","-72.180000","Barker Plotkin, Audrey","","Harvard Forest Based LTSEs","","http://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu","1988","On-going","","North America","The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of ecosystem nitrogen dynamics in response to elevated nitrogen inputs. With atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Northeastern United States currently at 10 to 20 times above historic background levels, it is possible that excessive nitrogen inputs could saturate the retention capacity of a forest ecosystem. Potential effects of nitrogen saturation include increased nitrate leaching and simultaneous base cation losses, soil acidification, altered fluxes of trace gases and forest decline. Two adjacent stands were chosen for the study: an even-aged red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) stand planted in 1926 and a 50-year-old mixed hardwood stand that had regenerated naturally after clearcutting in approximately 1945. The hardwood stand is dominated by black and red oak (Quercus velutina Lam.; Q. rubra L.) with significant amounts of black birch (Betula lenta L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and american beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.). The dominant soil types are stony- to sandy-loams formed from glacial till, and are classified as Typic Dystrochrepts of the Canton or Montauk series. Four treated plots were established within each stand: control, low N, low N plus sulfur (N+S) and high N. Each plot measures 30 x 30 meters (0.09 ha) and is divided into thirty-six 5 x 5 m subplots.","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","","No","Acer rubrum (red maple), Betula lenta (black birch), Fagus grandifolia (american beech), Pinus resinosa (red pine), Quercus rubra (red oak), Quercus velutina (black oak) ","Forestry","Cool Temperate","New England Upland, elevation 220-410m asl","2-5%","200-500","granite, gneiss & schist","Fertilizer additions of NH4NO3 and Na2SO4 began in 1988 as six equal applications over the growing season (May - Sept). Fertilizer is weighed, mixed with 20 liters of water (equivalent to 0.002 cm rainfall) and applied using a backpack sprayer. Na2SO4 applications were discontinued after the 1998 growing season. The hardwood and pine stands each contain four plots, with application rates as follows: Control, Low = 5gN/m^2 per year, High = 15gN/m^2 per year, N+S = 5gN/m^2 + 7.4gS/m^2 per year. Plot designations are P or H followed by C,L,H,NS for control, low, high N+S, respectively. Upon request, more detailed information is available on the exact applications rates based on fertilizer sample analysis. ","100-1000","3-10","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1988","2008","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","No","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","" "Combination trial F1-70","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","","","Hulsbergen, KJ","","","","","1967","","","Europe","","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","Eastern German continental climate in the Leipzig basin.","","","","Mollisol","Stagno-Luvic Gleysol.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Comparative efficiency of FYM & inorganic fertilizers (experiment 1)","","Dolgoprudnuy Agrochemical Experiment Station","","","","","","Russia","55.921507","37.534790","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1931","On-going","","Europe","Before 1925 site was under mixed forest. Clearfelled in 1926. Level seeding with vetch-oats was introduced in 1927-1930. Fertilizers & lime were not applied before experiment. ","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. Also treatments receiving only N,P,K,NP,NK,PK.","","","","Russian classification Soddy podzolic clay loam on glacial loam. FAO: podzoluvisols Profile description.(pit N43, 1922 year) Ao - sod cover 0-2 cm A1 - grey-brown, low part of horizon is more light, platy, 2-14 cm abundance of roots, gradual transition; A2 - whitish, mottled colour, small iron nodules, very porou 14-22cm sious, intensively reworked by earthworms, think platy, not homogenious colour of inner parts of aggregates,gradual transition; B1 - dark brown with bleached zones, nutty, whitish powdering 22-50cm on ped faces; bleaching of pores and fissures; B2 - yellow-brown, more light than previous, prismatic, po 50-120cm rous, cutans on ped faces with not abundant white powder zones, abudance of Mn black spots; B3 - yellowish light-brown, more light than previous, abu 120-150cm dance of rusty spots, cloddy structure of big aggregates, very compact,cracks filled with cutans, single till material; B4 - predomination of rusty colour, more thin craks filled 160-230cm with thick cutans,till material more abundant than previous horizon, diagonal layers of different colour, very compact,porous inner part of peds, single roots. Impermeable layer depth - 120 m. ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Comparative efficiency of FYM & inorganic fertilizers (experiment 2)","","Dolgoprudnaya Agrochemical Experiment Station,","","","","","","Russia","55.924585","37.545776","","","","","","1931","On-going","","Europe","Until 1925 the plot was under mixed forest. In 1926 the forest was eliminated. From 1927 to 1931, the test sowing of vetch-oats mixture was performed. Until the establishment of the experiment, fertilizers and lime were not applied. Flat territory. ","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","The experiment was conducted in a 4-field crop rotation: clover-sown fallow– winter cereals– row crops– spring cereals (oat). The experimental site consists of 4 fields. Since 1948, there were two backgrounds with respect to liming: with liming and without it. Lime was applied in 1947, 1970, and 1982, based on neutralization of full hydrolytic acidity level. 1st – 4th rotation (from 1931 to 1947). Four-field crop rotation with clover fallow; no lime applied. Crops: row crops – clover and timothy fallow; cereals – winter rye, oat with grass; row crops – potatoes and fodder beet (simultaneously on one plot divided on two halves). There were 3 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM – 36 t/ha per rotation (12 t/ha at each crop except for clover); 3. NPKCa (rates of each element are in FYM equivalent). 5th – 11th rotation (from 1948 to 1974). Four-field crop rotation with clover fallow; 2 backgrounds with regard to liming: (1) with lime, (2) no lime applied. Crops: clover fallow; cereals – winter rye, oat+grasses; row crops – fodder beet (from the 8th rotation- potatoes). There were 6 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM – 36 t/ha per rotation (12 t/ha at each crop except for clover); 3. NPKCa (rates of each element are in FYM equivalent ); 4. Lime; 5. Lime+FYM (36 t/ha); 6. Lime+NPKCa (rates of elements are in FYM equivalent ). 12th rotation – present (from 1975). Four-field crop rotation with clover fallow; 2 backgrounds with regard to liming: (1) with lime, (2) no lime applied. Crops: clover fallow; cereals – winter wheat, oat+grasses; row crops – potatoes (from 1994-sunflower). There were 6 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM – 60 t/ha per rotation (24 t/ha at winter wheat and potatoes, and 12 t/ha at oat); 3. NPKCa (rates of each element are in FYM equivalent); 4. Lime; 5. Lime+FYM (60 t/ha); 6. Lime+NPKCa (rates of elements are in FYM equivalent). The average annual rates of fertilizers at different crops during the experiment: N60P30K50 (in equiv. 12 t/ha of FYM); N120P60K100 (in equiv. 24 t/ha of FYM). (P - in P205, K in K20) ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: soddy podzolic heavy loamy on heavy mantle loam. FAO: podzoluvisols Profile description.( soil pit N43, 1922 year) A0 – 0-2, sod cover. A1 – 2-14 cm, gray-brown, lower part of a lighter colouring; platy structure; very frequently permeated by plant roots. Transition to the next horizon is gradual. A2 – 14-22 cm. Whitish; the colour is not quite homogeneous, there are very small iron nodules. High porosity, relatively high number of earth-worm channels. Fine-platy structure, colour of inner parts of aggregates is not homogeneous. Transition to the next horizon is gradual. B1 – 22-50 cm. Dark-brown with bleached veins, nutty structure, ped faces slightly covered with whitish powdering; weakly bleaching in pores and fissures. B2 – 50-120 cm. Yellow-brown, more light than previous, prismatic structure, porous. Sides of soil particles and the surfaces of cracks are covered with a brown cutans, not abundant whitish powdering of cracks, abundance of Mn black spots. B3 – 120-160 cm. Yellowish light-brown, the colour is lighter than that of B2; abu- dance of rusty spots. Cloody weak structure, very compact; walls of cracks are filled with brown-red cutans. Single till boulders. B3 – 160-230 cm. Predomination of rusty colour , which is lighter than that of the upper horizon. Cracks are very few; their walls are covered with a darker and thick cutans. The number of boulders is higher than in the upper horizon. Distinct diagonal banding is observed in some parts of the horison, very compact, porous inner part of peds, single plant roots Thickness of root layer - 120 cm. Water holding capacity of the arable horizon – 36% Soil granulometric composition, physical properties and bulk analysis results (incl. total C and N ) in 1922 soil pit are available. ","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Constructed and Natural Tidal Salt Marshes","Wetland restoration ","Coastal North Carolina USA (Eight locations)","","","","","","United States","","","Craft, Christopher","Estimating sources of soil organic matter in natural and transplanted estuarine marshes using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogenNitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon pools in natural and transplanted marsh soilsThe pace of ecosystem development of constructed Spartina alterniflora marshes.Twenty five years of ecosystem development of constructed Spartina alterniflora (Loisel) marshes","","","","1988","On-going but no long-term endowment","","North America","","","","","","","","Other","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Coastal plain sediments","Eight locations, one natural and constructed marsh per location","","","Multiple","Typic psammaqent Typic sulfaquent Typic haplosaprist","","","Yes","Yes",">Every 5 years","","","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","No","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No" "Continuous rye","","","Shvedskaya st., 86;","","Poltava","","","Ukraine","49.585787","34.568481","","","","","","1882","On-going","","Europe","The site is situated on the borderline forest steepe and steepe zone, on the high right bank of Vorksla river to the north of Poltava city. The bank territory is dissected with abundant balka's with 2-3% slopes (u-shape valleys). The experimental plot was founded on a plateau part with 0,5-1% slope. Before the experimentation was in arable use. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Continuous rye without fertilization ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: Dark grey podzolized soil FAO: Haplic? Luvisol Profile description He(0-30 cm) - dark grey brownish, silty loam, weak cloddy structure, platy features from 25 cm, loose, SiO2 powder, distinct transition ; HI (31-54cm)- upper part of the horizon dark grey, brownish colour begins to prevail down the horizon, cloddy subangular structure, slightly compact, rare SiO2 powder, silty loam, distinct transition; I (54-120 cm) - greyish brown to brown, silty loam, subangular prismatic structure, very compact, rare crotovinas, SiO2 powder, distinct transition; Pb (120-126 cm) - parent carbonate-free material, brown, clay cutans, clear transition based on effervescence Pk (126 cm) calcareous loess, brown with carbonate white veins, crotovinas with materialof the humus horizons Root zone - 0-0,8 m ","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","1884","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "CORN AND SOYBEAN RESPONSE TO TILLAGE AND ROTATION SYSTEMS ON A DARK PRAIRIE SOIL: 25 YEAR REVIEW","","","","","","","","United States","","","","","","","http://64.233.161.104/search?q=cache:lXypfgRj7bcJ:www.agry.purdue.edu/staffbio/I...","","","","North America","PAC.11.28.05 - Initial Contact Form Letter emailed to Dr. G.C. Steinhardt @ gsteinhardt@purdue.edu PAC.10.31.05 - http://www.agry.purdue.edu/staffbio/ISTROConf.2000Manuscript.pdf T. J. Vyn*, 1150 Lilly Hall, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150, tvyn@purdue.edu T.D. West, 1150 Lilly Hall, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150, twest@purdue.edu G. C. Steinhardt, 1150 Lilly Hall, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150, gsteinhardt@purdue.edu ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Mollisol","Chalmers (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Endoaquoll) silty clay loam","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory - USDA Forest Service","","","","","","","","United States","35.069204","-83.460452","Knoepp, Jennifer","Long-Term Soil Chemistry Changes in Aggrading Forest Ecosystems","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","http://intranet.lternet.edu/archives/documents/Publications/brochures/cwt_brochu...","1934","On-going","","North America","3160 Coweeta Lab Rd, Otto, NC 28763","1200-2000","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","Udic","Yes","Various tree species: Quercus, Carya, and Pinus.","Forestry","Cool Temperate","","","","Granitic gneiss","","","","Inceptisol","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Crop production and soil properties of typical Chernozem as affected by fertilization in Dneepre left bank, Ukraine forest steppe region","","Ukraine Academy of Agricultural Sciences","Institute for Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry named after","","Kharkov region","","","Ukraine","49.894634","36.386718","","","","","","1967","On-going","1987","Europe","","","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Ukraine forest steepe region ","0-2%","0-200","","Land-use/Version: Green corn, Winter Sugar, Silage corn, wheat, beet Without fertilizers , Organic fertilizers, Mineralic fertilizers (which have been chosen for LASSEE project) 1. Nil input, 2. PK, 3. NPK, 4. FYM Crop rotation: green corn-winter wheat-sugar beet-silage corn Total rates of fertilizers applied during 1967-87 1. Nil inputs, 2. P200K200, 3. N950P200K200, 4. 280 tonnes of FYM Each ha of the experimental area has received in average: N - 87,5 kg, P - 60 kg, K - 60 kg, FYM - 14 t Crops after closing of the experiment: 1987 - Winter wheat, 1988 - Green corn, 1989 - Winter wheat 1990 - Fodder beet, 1991 - Barley, 1992 - Buckwheat 1993 - Winter wheat, 1994 - Buckwheat, 1995 - Millet, 1996 - Vetch-oats mixture (for hay), 1997 - Winter wheat, 1998 - Vetch -oats mixture (for grain) 29/09/98 Sampling depth: 0-30, 30-60 cm Treatments: 1. Nil imputs 2. PK 3. NPK 4. FYM Replications: 2 Method of sampling: 1 bulked sample from each plot have been re- ceived based on 3 individual cores. Total - 16 bulked samples In the other field (Field N 2) the same type of experiment was es- tablished in 1968 and have continued with the same fertilisers input. Additional metadata : For the period of experiment on that field min T 4,1 meanT 6,6 max T 9,3 Precipitation min 253 mean 409 max 581 Total rates of fertilizers applied during 1968-98 1. Nil inputs 2. P930K910 3. N1010P930K910 4. 376 tonnes of FYM Crop rotation have been changed in 1992: silage corn-winter wheat-sugar beet -vetch-oats (grain) - winter wheat-grain corn-spring barley Sampling in the framework of LASSEE project: 29/09/98 Sampling depth: 0-30, 30-60 cm Treatments: 1. Nil imputs 2. PK 3. NPK 4. FYM Replications: 2 Method of sampling: 1 bulked sample from each plot have been re- ceived based on 3 individual cores. Total - 16 bulked samples ","10-100","","","Russian classification: Soil type - typical deep chernozem, clay loam, deep, with medium humuslevel on brownish calcerious loess loam. FAO: Haplic Chernozem rooting depth - 80-90 cm Impermable layer - 4.5-5 m Groundwater level - 10 m H dark grey, heavy loam; 0-30 cm - arable layer, 0-50cm granular-cloddy structure; 30-50 - granular structure, loosy, wet, gradual transition. Hp upper transitional, high humus content , dark grey,granular. 50-89 cm -cloddy structure, heavy loam, slightly compact,wet, effervescence line from 76 cm, calcareous pseudomycelium, piersed by roots, abundant crotovinas, distinct transition; Phca lower transitional, low humus content,mottled,brownish grey 89-118 ám with more pronounced pale brown down the profile, smaller pronounced non-uniform humus colour, subangular structure, heavy loam, compact, wet, reworked by animals,crotovinas contains material of the upper layers, distinct transition. Pca loess loam,pale brown, heavy loam, 118-200 cm fine porosity with abundant calcareous pseudomycelium ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Crop residues as a source of typical chernozem fertility and productivity of crops in rotation in irrigated and non-irrigated conditions","","Ukraine Academy of Agricultural Science","Grakov experimental field","Soil Science & Agrochemistry Institute named after Sokolovsky A.","Kharkov reg.","","","Ukraine","49.922935","36.386718","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","In the experiment the influence of mineral and organic fertilizers on yield, properties of plants and soils is studied. ","10-100","","","Soil type - typical chernozem, clay loam, deep, with medium humus level on loess loam. FAO: haplic chernozem. rooting depth - 100-120cm ","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Crop rotation system with maximum utilization of biological nitrogen","","","","","Perm region","618031","","Russia","58.007392","56.333384","","","","","","1977","On-going","","Europe","Experiment name: Crop rotations with max percent of cereals in intensive agriculture system in Pre-Ural region (1977-1992). The site before experiment was used as an arable land ","","","No","Udic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","2-5%","0-200","The site geology - the native rocks - deluvial deposits of Perm clays. No effervescence with 10% HCl. ","Crop rotation 1 - 80% grains 1. Crop fallow (peas for green mass) 2. Winter rye 3. Barley 4. Barley 5. Oats Crop rotation 2 - 80% grains 1. Bare fallow 2. Winter rye 3. Barley 4. Barley 5. Oats Crop rotation 3 - 66% grains 1. Bare fallow 2. Winter rye 3. Wheat + clover + Melilotus I year 1/2 clover I year+ 1/2 Melilotus II year 4. Barley 5. Oats Crop rotation 4 - 60% grains (1978-1982) 1. Melilotus I year 2. Melilotus II year 3. Winter rye 4. Barley 5. Barley 1993-1992 - 100% grains 1. Grain barley 2. Winter rye - with rape crop after harvesting for incorporation into soil 3. Barley 4. Barley - with rape crop after harvesting for incorporation into soil 5. Oats Crop rotation 5 - 57% grains (1978-1982) 1. Bare fallow 2. Winter rye 3. Wheat + legume 4. Clover first year 5. Clover second year 6. Barley 7. Oats Crop rotation fields exist both in time and space. Field experiment was conducted on 3 fertilizer backgrounds: PK NPK NPK + 20 t/ha FYM Slope shape uniform Direction of cultivation at right angles to long axis of plot across treatments Width of bare strip 5-8m Width of discard strip 1,8m ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification soddy podzolic soil of taiga-forest zone, fulvate saturated FAO:podzoluvisol Profile description A1 (0-24) - arable, light grey, fine cloddy, loose, sharp transition. B1 (25-90) - transitional to the B horizon, wet, brown, clay loam, compact, fine subangular structure,abundant SIO2 powder throuth all horizon, single roots. B2 (91-115) - iluvial, wet, brown, clay, compact, peds of the first order- subangular structure with cutans on ped faces, disintegrates on separate aggregates, gradual transition. B2C (110-137) - transitional to native rock, wet, more light than B, clay, weak subangular structure, gradual transition. C1 (138-170) - native rock, deluvial Perm clays deposits, no effervescence with 10% HCl. Rooting layer depth 115 cm ","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Annual","1977","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Crop rotation/fertilization trial F1-07 (Seehausen)","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","","","Diepenbrock, Habil","Reducing tillage intensity - a review of results from a long-term study in Germany","","","","1958","","","Europe","diepenbrock@landw.uni-halle.de - Dr. Diepenbrock christen@landw.uni-halle.de - Dr. Christen Tebrgge F, Dring RA (1999). Reducing tillage intensity: a review of results from a long-term study in Germany. Soil and Tillage Research, 53, 15-28. solid - Plant: fresh weight, dry matter, N removal, starch (potatoes), number of beet, table sugar, crude sugar.","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","Eastern German continental climate in the Leipzig Basin","","","","Vertisol","Eutric Fluvisol, Stagnic Fluvisol, Luvic Phaeozem, Luvisol, Eutric Cambisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Crop yield and quality parameters, soil fertility as affected by medium and high rates of manure and fertilizers application","","","","","Odessa region","","","Ukraine","46.445427","30.717773","","","","","","1971","On-going","","Europe","1959-1967 Orchard, 1968 - black fallow, 1969-1970 winter wheat, 1971 - levelling seedling ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","1 crop rotation - 10-course: black fallow-winter wheat-corn for grain-peas-winter wheat- corn for silage-winter wheat-sunflower-corn (Mironovskaya High cv.)-winter barley 2- & 3 crop rotation - 8-course: winter wheat-corn for grain -oats-winter wheat-corn (Mironovskaya High cv.)-winter wheat-sunflower ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification South chernozenm loess clay loam soil FAO classification: calcic chernozem Typical soil profile ","Yes","","","Yes","Every 5 years","1975","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Crop-pasture system","","","","","","","","Brazil","","","","","","","","1994","On-going","","South America","","1200-2000","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxisol","","","","","","Annual","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Czarny Potok","","","","","","","","Poland","49.066667","20.133333","Kopeć, hab. Michał","The effect of long-term fertilization on the sulphur content in soil and in the mountain meadow sward (Czarny Potok)","","","","1968","","","Europe","https://www.ar.krakow.pl/~mkopec/czp/index.htm solid - Soil: pH (H2O), pH (KCl), acidity exchang., acidity hydrol., aluminium exchang. Plant: Ca,Mg,Na,K,P,N,Mn,Zn,Cu,Co,B,Mo,NO3-N. ","400-800","","","","","","Grazed","Cool Temperate","","2-5%","","Natural Grassland","","","","","Acid brown soil.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Debrecen Long-term experiment","","","","","","","","Hungary","47.883333","21.000000","Nagy, Janos","Effect of Irrigation on Maize Yield (Zea mays L.)The Effect of Tillage Treatments on Soil Temperature at Planting and on Corn (Zea mays L.) Yield","","","","1983","","","Europe","solid - Soil penetration resistance, water retention capacity of the soil, infiltration rate","400-800","","","","","Maize (Zea mays L.)","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol","Mollisol - Calciustol or Vermustoll; lowland pseudomiceller chernozen","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Deherain plots","","","","","","","","France","","","Houot, Sabine","","","","","1875","","","Europe","","400-800","","","","","Maize","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Agrudalf (Soil taxonomy)","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Different forms of nitrogen fertilizers, No. 34","","","Metsniereba st.#1","","Anaseuli, Ozurgeti","384380","","Georgia","41.982893","41.758410","","","","","","1949","On-going","","Europe","Under forest before 1928. Clearing in 1929. Tea plantation was founded after 45cm depth soil trenching in 1931, cult. ""Mestnaya populatsiya"" was planted. ","","","No","Ustic","No","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","2-5%","0-200","","Nitrogen has been applied in rate 300kg/ha yearly since 1950. Upper knots were intensively cut in 1950 & 1969 120kg/ha of phosphorus & potash were applied before 1952, but in the period from 1953 to 1968 these nutrients were not applied at all, since 1962 applied periodically once each 4 years with bulk application of 4 year's rate. Magnesium was applied once in 1977, rate 100kg/ha MgO ","1000-3000","","","Soil FAO type description: ferrisol Russian classification: red soils Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) -- 3-4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees' leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) -- greyish-dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots -- 20-25cm thickness. B1 horizon - transition horizon, cloddy, clay-loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon -- brownish-red with black & light-yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35-45cm C horizon -- parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe-Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. ","Yes","No","No","No","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Different rates of superphosphate and their aftereffect. The experiment no42","","","Metsniereba st.#1, Anaseuli, Ozurgeti","","","384380","","Georgia","42.423456","41.308593","","","","","","1933","On-going","","Europe","Under mixed forest before 1928. Clearing in 1929. Tea plantation was founded after 45cm depth soil trenching in 1929. Experiment was initiated by G. Urushadze in 1933. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","2-5%","0-200","","Plantation with chess layout of brushes (1x1m). Hill country, slightly inclinated south–east, south and south–west 3–50 slopes. Soil trenching took place before sowing. Phosphorus fertilizers were applied according to the fertilization scheme in the period 1933–1935. In 1940 annual rates of P2O5 were increased from 60 to 120kg/ha in one treatment. Phosphorus fertilization rates were not changed in the period 1936–1953. Then the site has been divided on two parts : half of each treatment used for monitor aftereffect of fertilizers, the second half has been used for application phosphorus fertilizers without change. In latter case superphosphate was applied in 1953, 1965, 1974, and 1980. Sulfate ammonium as nitrogen fertilizer in annual rates 200kg/ha from 1937 to 1948, and since 1949 - 300kg/ha . K fertilizers were applied in annual rates 120kg/ha periodically, and since 1949 –– 200kg/ha once in two years. Long-term residual effect (more than 50 years) for big rates of P application was demonstrated. Bulk application of big rates is more advantageous than annual rate of 120 kg/ha. ","3000-10,000","","","Soil FAO type description: Ferrisol Russian classification: red soils Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) –– 3–4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees’ leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) –– greyish–dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots –– 20–25cm thickness. B1 horizon – transition horizon, cloddy, clay–loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon –– brownish–red with black & light–yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35–45cm C horizon –– parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe–Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. Water holding capacity…38–48% ","","","","","Annual","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "DIRT Litter Manipulation Experiment","soil organic matter litter Forest Decomposition CARBON ","Harvard Forest","","","","","","United States","42.490000","-72.200000","Barker Plotkin, Audrey","","DIRT - Detritus Input and Removal TreatmentsHarvard Forest Based LTSEs","","http://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu","1990","On-going","","North America","The DIRT Experiment (Detritus Input and Removal Treatments) is a long-term study of controls on soil organic matter formation. Our goal is to assess how rates and sources of plant litter inputs control the accumulation and dynamics of organic matter and nutrients in forest soils over decadal time scales. Results from 11 years of field and laboratory studies demonstrate the relative importance of above- and belowground sources on soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics and show emerging long-term non-linear changes in soil carbon release and storage. ","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","","","Quercus rubra, Acer rubrum","Forestry","Cool Temperate","New England Upland","","200-500","","Treatments established in a mixed hardwood stand in 1990 are: doubling annual aboveground litter (DL), exclusion of aboveground litter (NL), exclusion of root inputs by trenching (NR), and exclusion of aboveground litter and root inputs (NI), on replicated 3m x 3m plots (n=3 for treatments, 6 for controls). The O/A-less treatment, implemented in 1991, tracks the recovery of impoverished soil by replacing O and A horizon soil with B horizon material and allowing normal litter inputs thereafter. Comparison of data among treatments (soil respiration, soil solution chemistry, soil physical and chemical properties, and microfaunal and microbial community structure) allows us to determine the contributions of live roots, above-ground litter, and belowground detritus to SOM and nutrient dynamics in this forest soil.","<10","10-20","","","Yes","","","","","1990","2000","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","","","","" "DIRT: Detrital Input, Removal, and Transfer (University of Michigan Biological Station)","","","","","","","","United States","45.000000","-84.000000","Research Group, Nadelhoffer","","DIRT - Detritus Input and Removal Treatments","","http://www.eeb.lsa.umich.edu/eeb/labs/knute/DIRT/HF/","2004","On-going","","North America"," UMBS DIRT LTSE/ 1050 Kraus Natural Science Building/ 830 N. University Ave. / Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048 archive - Sampling conducted prior to treatments for baseline data (year 0) followed by first year sampling. Samples collected every five years thereafter.","400-800","","","Udic","Yes","Canopy: Populus grandidentata, Betula papyrifera, Quercus rubra, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum Sub Canopy: Saplings of canopy species plus Pinus strobus, Fagus grandifolia Ground Flora: Seedings of canopy and sub canopy species plus Amelanchier sp., Pteridium aquilinum, Vaccinium sp, Gaultheria procumbens","Forestry","Cool Temperate","High glacial outwash plain.","0-2%","200-500","""Glacial outwash sand over Middle Paleozoic (Silurian, Devonian, and Mississippian) sedimentary rocks""","Treatments are replicated (n = 3). Plot size is 5 m x 5 m. TREATMENTS: REFERENCE--Normal litter inputs are allowed. For all other treatments forest floor vegetation is excluded by clipping in addition to treatment descriptions. CONTROL--Normal litter inputs are allowed. NO LITTER--Aboveground inputs are excluded from plots by a shade-cloth covering during autum leaf fall. DOUBLE LITTER--Aboveground leaves/needles are doubled by adding litter from NO LITTER plots. NO ROOTS--Roots are excluded by inserting barriers around plots in backfilled trenches. NO INPUTS--Combined treatments from NO LITTER and NO ROOTS (above). FERTILIZATION--10 kg/ha/yr N added quarterly as aqueous solution of NH4Cl DOUBLE LITTER FERT--Combined treatments from DOUBLE LITTER and FERTILIZATION (above). WOOD--Aboveground Carbon inputs are doubled by adding chipped Populus grandidentata in 3-year increments.","10-100","","Spodosol","Sandy, mixed, frigid Entic Haplorthod","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","2004","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","" "DIRT: Detrital Input, Removal, and Transfer at H.J. Andrews","","","","","","","","United States","44.153390","-122.340316","","","DIRT - Detritus Input and Removal TreatmentsLTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","http://www.fsl.orst.edu/lter/","","","","North America","Blue River, Oregon","","","","","Yes","mixed temperate coniferous rainforest: douglas-fir and hemlock","Forestry","Cool Temperate","","5-10%","","","Treatments are replicated (n = 3). Plot size is 10 m x 15 m. TREATMENT METHOD: CONTROL Normal litter inputs are allowed. NO LITTER Aboveground inputs are excluded from plots by raking. DOUBLE LITTER Aboveground leaves/needles are doubled by adding litter from NO LITTER plots. DOUBLE WOOD Aboveground CWD inputs are doubled by adding shredded CWD NO ROOTS Roots are excluded by inserting barriers around plots in backfilled trenches NO INPUTS Combined treatments from NO LITTER and NO ROOTS (above).","","","Andisol","","","","Yes","Yes","Annual","1997","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","Yes","","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","","","","" "DNPK Trial","","","","","","","","Nigeria","11.343780","7.633300","Amapu, Ishaku","Brief on the Long term DNPK experiment in Samaru northern Nigeria","","","","1950","","","Africa","solid - Aggregate analyses","800-1200","","","","","Hyparrhenia spp; Andropogon spp. grasses; Sorghum, maize, cotton, groundnut crops.","Arable","Tropical","","","","","","100-1000","","Alfisol","Typic Haplustalf","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Dobrowa Forest Amelioration Experiment","","","","","","","","Austria","","","Jandl, Robert","Long-term effects of a forest amelioration experiment","","","http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/cgi-bin/rp/rp2_abst_e?cjfr_x01-169_32_ns_nf_cjfr","1967","Terminated","1993","Europe","","","","","","","","Forestry","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol","Dystric Cambisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Duke Forest CO2 Experiment (FACE)","","","","","","","","United States","35.976964","-79.093108","Richter, Daniel","Exposure to an enriched CO2 atmosphere alters carbon assimilation and allocation in a pine forest ecosystem","","","http://face.env.duke.edu","1996","","","North America","solid - 13C, as enriched CO2 is strongly 13C depleted. 15N, for N addition studies of cycling. gas - 13C in soil CO2 vegetative - 13C and 15N","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Udic","","Pinus taeda","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","Interfluve","2-5%","0-200","Mixed felsic","Simple Randomized One-Way ANOVE Main effect: Aboveground CO2 concentration ~550 vs ambient uLCO2/L","100-1000","3-10","Alfisol","moderately well-drained low-fertility acidic Hapludalf","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Once","1996","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","" "Duration of lime effect under split and bulk application on soil properties and crop yield (First establishment)","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","","","","","","","Russia","59.534318","30.212402","","","","","","1957","On-going","","Europe","Mixed forest until 1935. Cereals production (winter rye,oats) from 1945 before the experiment started with no liming additions ","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","0-2%","0-200","","(since 1957) Main treatments 1a,1b Nil imput (without lime) 2a Lime rate based on neutralization full hydr.acidity level - periodically 2b Lime rate based on neutralization full hydr.acidity level - bulk applied 3a Lime rate based on neutralization 0.5 hydr.acidity level - periodically 3b Lime rate based on neutralization 0.5 hydr.acidity level - bulk applied 4a Lime rate based on neutralization 0.25 hydr.acidity level - periodically 4b Lime rate based on neutralization 0.25 hydr.acidity level - bulk applied ","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russia classification: soddy podsolic, sandy loam on till loam sediments Profile description A (0-27), arable light grey, silt loam, cloddy friable structure, with gravel and boulder inclusion, wet, densily pierced by roots, distinct transition in accordance with colour A2B (27-38) not homogeneous in colour, with light grey and red-brownish mottles, loamy sand, apedal, very compact, wet, stone inclusions, iron nodules, wavy boundary , with bleached tongues B1 (38-60) red-brownish with single white-grey tongues,sandy loam, wet, single stone inclusions, gradual and not distinct transition B2 (60-88) homogenious in colour, brownish red with rare bleached tongues, sandy loam, apedal, less compact than previous horizon, wet, with gravel and boulder inclusion,gradual and not distinct transition BC , deeper than 88 cm homogenious brownish red, sandy loam, apedal, wet, slightly compact, some inclusions of boulders and big gravel partly destroyed by weathering process ","Yes","","","","Once","1964","1991","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Dynamics of basic agrochemical parameters and fertility of soddy podsolic loamy sand soil under limited application of mineral and organic fertilizers (field 1) & Residual effect of fertilization on crop productivity and quality in crop rotation (field 2)","","Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry","Kazintsa st.,62,","","Minsk","220108","","Belarus","53.943154","27.509765","","","","","","1986","On-going","","Europe","Before the experiment the territory was used as a farm field with crop rotation. Vetch-oats in 1986. Fertilizers and lime were applied before starting the experiment.Flat terrritory. ","400-800","","No","Udic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","","","","4-year crop rotation: row crops-spring cereals(barley)- winter cereals(winter rye)-spring cereals (oats) F I R S T F I E L D Treatments: 1. Control N1 - carbamide 2. FYM-backgr. N2 - NH4NO3 3. N1K1+FYM N3 - liquid carbamide-ammonium mixture 'KAS' 4. N1P1K1+FYM P1 - double superphosphate 5. N1P2K1+FYM P2 - phosphate fertilizer Phospal' 6. N1P3K1+FYM P3 - carbamide phosphate fertilizer Phospal' 7. N1P4K1+FYM P4 - potassium phosphate fertilizer Phospal' 8. N1P5K1+FYM P5 - ammophos 9. N1P6K1+FYM P6 - complex PK fertilizer from K2CO3 raw material 10. N1P1K1+FYM P7 - superphosphate 11. N1P7K1+FYM K1 - potassium chloride 12. N1P7K1+FYM 13. N1N2P1K1+FYM 14. N3P1K1+FYM 15. N3P1K1+FYM 16. N1P1K1+FYM Treatments which have been chosen for LASSEE project 1. Control 2. FYM 6. NPK+FYM 1987-1990 Yield and crop quality as affected by different fertilizer rates and time of fertilization Experimental plan is available in text format for this experiment. Please contact the EuroSOMET administrator (pete.smith@bbsrc.ac.uk) ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: soddy podsolic, deep gley, loamy sand on stratified sandy-loamy sandy sediments Sandy loam till upper border -1.3 m Profile description A pl (0-29/31/), arable uniform grey, loamy sand,loose to slightly compact, wet,fine cloddy structure, abundant roots,distinct transition A2B (29/31/-54) mottled in colour: rare bleached mottles on light grey colour with grey tongues nearby upper border, apedal, compact, with earthwormchannels, wet, sandy, distinct transition BC (54-94) not homogeneous in colour, with brownish, brown and reddidh-brownmottles, subangular-plateau structure, compaction non uniform, with clay cutans on ped faces,wet, loamy sand and sandy layers, non-wavy boundary, distinct transition Cg (94-130) faded brown with increasing blueish colour doen the horison, contains rusty tongue with subangular structure, fine porosity, loosy loamy sand, distinct transition, flat boundary D (131-150) Bedding rock - reddish-brown sandy loam, blocked structure, single boulders Soil map of the experimental field is also available. ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","1986","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Ecologically balanced fertilizer systems for crop rotations on blind tile drained soil providing a high yield and crop quality parameters and increasing soil fertility","","Rivnensk Region","Rivnensk District, v. Shubkiv","","","","","Ukraine","50.607645","26.262817","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","Hayfield natural stand. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","crop rotation - 9-course: potatoes-green corn-winter wheat-sugar beet-barley - 3-year perennial grasses-winter wheat 21 treatments include different rates mineral NK, NP, PK and NPK application, only FYM and NPK with FYM. Experimental plan is available in text format for this experiment. ","3000-10,000","","","Soil type: Russian classification: soddy calcareous sandy loam on calcareous eluvium FAO classification: rendzic leptosol ? Profile description Hk (0-20 cm)-calcareous, dark grey, sandy loam, abundant shell limestone inclusions, gradual transition; HPr (21-40 cm)- transitional, grey, humus, abundance of calcerious rock inclusions, rusty brown dots of periodical gleyic conditions, distinct transition; Pk (41-100 cm) -white chalk with dark grey humus mottles and ""tongues"", abundant rusty dots. Root layer - 1,5 m ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","1975","","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of chemical ameliorators repeated application in increasing doses on acid-base properties of meadow-brown soil and crops yield in field rotation","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKH","","Vostochnoe","Khabarovsk","680521","","Russia","48.598408","135.087890","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1963","On-going","","Asia","The site was not used before 1963 year.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments: 1.Control (without ameliorants) NРК 2. ameliorant + slag 1,75 H 3.СаСО3 3 H + NРК 4. СаСО3 1,5 + NРК 5. СаСО3 2,25 H + NРК 6. СаСО3 2,0 H + NРК 7. СаСО3 1,5 H + NРК 8. СаСО3 1,0 H + NРК. Rotation: corn-spring wheat-barley+grasses-grasses 2 yaer-soja-oats. ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: meadow brown soil.","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1963","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of different factors on tea plantation productivity. The experiment no80.","","","Metsniereba st.#1, Anaseuli, Ozurgeti","","","384380","","Georgia","42.391008","41.528320","","","","","","1965","On-going","","Europe","Under forest before 1965. Full clearfelling in 1964. Tea plantation was founded after 45cm depth soil trenching in 1965, cult. ""Kolkhida"" was planted. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","Plantation with chess layout of brushes (1,5x0,35m). Ammonium sulfate, super–phosphate, potassium chlorite as mineral fertilizers and FYM have been applied. P K & FYM were bulk applied in winter time simultaneously with soil digging and N - split applied in rates 50% during spring, 40% in summer ( first part of June) with subsequent manual incorporation on 2–4cm depth. Annual growth of trees was cut for preparing grafts in 1975–1980. Since1981the plantation was used for commercial tea yield. ","1000-3000","","","Soil FAO type description: ferrisol Russian classification: red soils Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) –– 3–4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees’ leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) –– greyish–dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots –– 20–25cm thickness. B1 horizon – transition horizon, cloddy, clay–loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon –– brownish–red with black & light–yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35–45cm C horizon –– parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe–Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. Water holding capacity…38–48% ","","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of fertilizers input on crop capacity and soil fertility as main parameters in agricultural monitoring programm for South Ukraine ordinary chernozems","","","","","Zaporozhye","","","Ukraine","47.813154","35.178222","","","","","","1974","On-going","","Europe","South Ukraine steepe ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification Ordinary loess clay loam soil with low humus content FAO classification: haplic chernozem Typical soil profile Humus horizon lower boundary - 39 cm Depth of rooting zone - 130 cm ","Yes","","","","Annual","1974","","","","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of increasing fertilizers doses for productivity of field rotation and fertility of soddy podsolic soil in factoric experiment","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","North East Agric. Res. Insitute","Lenina str.,166-a","","Kirov (Vjatka)","610007","","Russia","58.551060","49.680175","","","","","","1972","On-going","","Europe","Since the end of 19th centure till now - arable. Since 1972- field experiments ","","","","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. Also treatments receiving only N,P,K,NP,NK,PK.","","","","FAO: warm south-europe facies Russian classification: leached poor SOM super deep chernozem, clay, on yellow-brown loess clay ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of lime rates under split and bulk application","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","CZNIISH","","","","","","Russia","59.523175","30.212402","","","","","","1959","On-going","","Europe","Mixed forest until 1935. Cereals production (winter rye,oats) from 1945 before the experiment started with no liming additions. The plot situated 50 m away from the territory of first field establishment. ","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","0-2%","0-200","","since 1959) Main treatments 1a,1b Nil imput (without lime) 2a Lime rate based on neutralization full hydr.acidity level - periodically 2b Lime rate based on neutralization full hydr.acidity level - bulk applied 3a Lime rate based on neutralization 0.5 hydr.acidity level - periodically 3b Lime rate based on neutralization 0.5 hydr.acidity level - bulk applied 5a Lime rate based on neutralization 0.25 hydr.acidity level - periodically 5b Lime rate based on neutralization 0.25 hydr.acidity level - bulk applied ","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russia classification: soddy podsolic, sandy loam on till loam sediments ","Yes","","","","Once","","1991","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long term mineral fertilizer application and tillage on productivity of crops and soil fertility","","Siberian NIISKH","Koroleva avenue,2","","Omsk","644012","","Russia","54.979977","73.403091","","","","","","1968","On-going","","Asia","The site was used as arable land.","","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","It is multifactor field trial. Factor A - fertilizers: treatments: 1. Without fertilizers 2. N28P45. Factor B- tillage: treatments: 1. Annual ploughing, depth 20-22 sm 2. Minimal tillage (isn't used in autumn) with ploughing 1 time in 5 years 3. Annual cultivation, depth 12-14 sm 4.Minimal tillage (isn't used in autumn),depth 6-8 sm 5.Boardless plowing on depth 25-27 and 10-12 sm. Rotation: fallow-wheat-wheat-wheat-wheat.","","","","Soil type - leached shallow chernozem on carbonate silty loam FAO: Luvic chernozem rooting depth - 50 cm 0-27cm A pl close to wet, dark grey, silty loam, cloddy structure, partly apedal, slightly compact, contains single gravel, gradual transition 27-48cm B1 close to wet, dark grey with tongues with initial parent rock colour , heavy loam, cloddy structure, compact, contains single gravel, gradual transition 48-65cm B2 wet, grey with more dark humus tongues, silty loam, cloddy subangular structure,compact,contains single gravel, gradual transition 65-87cm BCca wet, pale brownish colour, silty loam, fine subangular structure,compact, contains carbonates,gradual transition >87 cm Cca wet, silty loam,pale brown, apedal, slightly compact","Yes","No","No","Yes","","1968","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term fertilisation systems application for productivity of grain-row crop rotation, production quality and soddy podsolic soil fertility","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","VIUA","ul. Pryanishnikova, 31","","Moscow","127550","","Russia","55.787384","37.584228","","","","","","1968","On-going","","Europe","Since mastery till 1930 had been dominated extensive grain-fallow agriculture system with crops rotation: bare fallow - winter rye - spring grain; during the period of 1930-1965 - transitional agriculture system with grain-grass crop rotations without mineral fertilizer application. Modern agriculture has been existed since 1968.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Territory is situated on old-plouged site (period of mastery more than 150-200 years), previous ecosystem - mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest. Territory is situated on flat interfluve area. Parent rock - water-glacier sand and loamy sand, loam moraine litters them. Power of moraine - 2,5-3m, dark clay of jurskji period is situated lower. ","1968-1983 Cr.rot. ³1984-1989 potatoes-³1990-1997 annual lupin. lupin-winter wheat. barley-annual-grass. winter wheat-potatoes.potatoes-barley. annual grass-fal-barley, bare-fallow Treatments: nil, various NPK combinations, FYM at 5, 10 and 20 t/ha/y. Also straw. ","1000-3000","","","Russian classification: soddy podsolic, loamy sand, on moraine loam Profile description: Horizon 1 A arable 0-23cm; Horizon 2; Horizon 3: 23-35cm; Horizon 4: 35-49cm; Horizon 5: 49-69cm; Horizon 6: 69-94cm; Horizon 7: 94-115cm Rooting layer depth- 25-30 cm; impermeable layer depth - 50-60cm. ","Yes","","","Yes","Once","1984","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term fertilizers and lime applications on pH and nutrient pool in soil","","Narymsk state selection station","Nauki, 20","Kolpashevo-4","Tomsk","636464","","Russia","58.192000","83.051000","","","","","","1969","On-going","","Asia"," The site before experiment was used as arable land.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments: 1.Control 2.Lime for neutralizing 0,25 of hydrolitic acidity (Hg) 3.Lime 0,5 Hg 4.Lime 1,0 Hg 5. N60P60K60 6. Lime 0,25 Hg+N60P60K60 7. Lime 0,5 Hg+N60P60K60 8. Lime 1,0 Hg+N60P60K60. Number of replicates - 4. Effect and aftereffect of lime application in 5-course grain rotation under repeated lime application. Rotation: wheat+clover-clover-winter rye-barley-pea-oats-green pea-oats mixture.","","","Spodosol"," Russia classification: soddy podsolic, sandy on sandy loam sediments","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","","1970","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term manure, mineral fertilizers and ameliorants applications and their combinations on fertility of meadow-brown soil and crops yields","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKH","","Vostochnoe","Chabarovsk region","680521","","Russia","48.494767","135.120849","","","","","","1963","On-going","","Asia","It was wild land on the site before 1963 year","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments: 1. Control 2.Composted peat 100 t/ha 3. NPK 4. Lime 2,25 Hg 5.Composted peat 100 t/ha+NPK 6. Composted peat 100 t/ha+ lime 2,25 Hg 7.Lime 2,25 Hg+NPK 8.Composted peat 100 t/ha+ lime 2,25 Hg+NPK. Number of replicates - 4. Rotation:corn-spring wheat-barley+perennial grasses-perennial grasses-soya-oats.","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russian classification: meadow-brown soil. ","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","1963","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term mineral fertilizers application in increasing doses in combination with manure on fertility of meadow-brown soil and crop yield in potato rotation","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKH","","Vostochnoe","Khabarovsk","680521","","Russia","48.363548","135.307617","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Asia","It was wild land before 1964.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments: 1. Control (without mineral fertilizers)+composted peat 60 t/ha (once at rotation) 2.N1P1K1+composted peat 60 t/ha 3.N2P2K2+composted peat 60 t/ha 4.N3P3K3+composted peat 60 t/ha 5.N4P4K4+composted peat 60 t/ha 6.N5P5K5+composted peat 60 t/ha. Rotation: grain crops+perennial grasses-perennial grasses first year-perennial grasses second year-potato -grain crops-potato-grain crops-potato.","1000-3000","1-2","Spodosol","Russian classification:brown podzolic soil.","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","1964","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term mineral fertilizers application in increasing doses in combination with manure on fertility of meadow-brown soil and crop yield in potato rotation","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKH","","Vostochnoe","Khabarovsk","680521","","Russia","48.363548","135.307617","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Asia","It was wild land before 1964.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments: 1. Control (without mineral fertilizers)+composted peat 60 t/ha (once at rotation) 2.N1P1K1+composted peat 60 t/ha 3.N2P2K2+composted peat 60 t/ha 4.N3P3K3+composted peat 60 t/ha 5.N4P4K4+composted peat 60 t/ha 6.N5P5K5+composted peat 60 t/ha. Rotation: grain crops+perennial grasses-perennial grasses first year-perennial grasses second year-potato -grain crops-potato-grain crops-potato.","1000-3000","1-2","Spodosol","Russian classification:brown podzolic soil.","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","1964","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term mineral fertilizers application in increasing doses on fertility of meadow-brown soil and crop yield in field rotation","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKN","Vostochnoe","","Khabarovsk","680521","","Russia","48.523881","135.197753","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1963","On-going","","Asia","It was wild land before 1963.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments:1.Control 2.N1Р1К1 3. N2Р1К1 4. N3Р1К1 5. N1Р2К1 6. N2Р2К1 7. N3Р2К1 8. NРК different doses . Rotation: corn-spring wheat- barley+perennial grasses- perennial grasses 2 year-soja-oats.","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russian classification: meadow-brown soil.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1963","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term mineral fertilizers varieties application and their combinations on fertility of meadow-brown soil and crops yield in field rotation","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKN","Vostochnoe","","Khabarovsk","680521","","Russia","48.502047","135.208740","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1963","On-going","","Asia","It was wild land before 1963.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","",""," Treatments:1.Control 2.N 3. Р 4. К 5.NК 6. РК 7. NР 8. NРК. Rotation: corn-spring wheat-barley+perennial grasses-perennial grasses 2d year-soja-oats.","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russian classification: meadow-brown soil.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1963","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term organic and mineral fertilizers application for soil attributes, yeild and quality of production of main crops in crop rotation","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry","","","Krasnodar","","","Russia","44.964797","39.001464","","","","","","1969","On-going","","Europe","Territory history before experiment - arable, grain-row crop rotation. There has been level seedling of winter wheat for 3 years before experiment. Flat territory, 4,07 ha (2 replicates: first (70x271m) - 1,9 ha; second (70x271m) - 1,9 ha. Discard strip betweenexperiment - 10m. Discard strip from forest strip - 70m. Direction of cultivation - on long axis of plot ","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. Also treatments receiving only N,P,K,NP,NK,PK.","","","","FAO: warm south-europe facies Russian classification: leached poor SOM super deep chernozem, clay, on yellow-brown loess clay ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of long-term phosphorite application on agrochemical soil properties of podzolic brown soil, crops yields and quality of crop production","","Dalnevostochniy NIISKH","","Vostochnoe","Khabarovsk","680521","","Russia","48.530247","135.137329","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1979","On-going","","Asia"," It was wild land on the site before 1979 year.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments: 1. Control 2.Composted peat 60 t/ha+NPK 3.Composted peat 60 t/ha+phosphate slag 750+NK 4.Composted peat 60 t/ha+phosphate slag 750+NPK 5.Composted peat 60 t/ha+phosphate slag1500+NK 6.Composted peat 60 t/ha+phosphate slag1500+NPK Rotation: grain+grasses - grasses 1st year - grasses 2d year - potato - grain - potato.","1000-3000","1-2","Spodosol","Russian classification: brown podsolic soil.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1979","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of manure and mineral fertilisation systems on crop productivity and ordinary chernozem soil fertility","","Research Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Hydrology","Yaloven' st., 100 mun. Kishineu","","Kirsovo, Komratsky region","2070","","Moldova","46.301406","28.663330","","","","","","1971","On-going","","Europe","The site before experiment was used for growing field crops and tobacco. ","400-800","","No","Ustic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","0-200","Soil was formed on a deep sedimentary rocks; their upper part represent by loess-like clay and clay loams sediments. ","The experiment includes 10 fields with following crop rotation: peas - winter wheat - grain corn - sunflower - grain corn - legume-grass mixture for green-cut fodder - winter wheat - winter barley - sunflower- grain corn Treatments: control, 1 level of N( annually 60 kg/ha, except peas),1 level of P (annually 60 kg/ha P205, except peas), NP, NPK (1 level of K20-60kg/ha annually, except peas), 2N+PK,3N+PK,2N2PK, 2N3PK,NP+2K,NP+3K, 4NP3K, 3NP2K, N+2K, N+1/2P+2K,2N2K, PK, NK ; 30 and 60 t/ha FYM once in 10 years for the second grain corn. ","","","","Russian classification: ordinary middle deep clay loam chernozem with low humus content FAO: haplic chernozem Profile description A (0-25) arable, dark grey, weak granular structure, pierced by plant roots A (25-48) more dark than previous horizon, compact, fine granular, clay loam, effervescence line since 41 cm B1 (49-65) dark brown, very compact, abundant earthworm channels, compact, clay loam B2 (66-80) dark yellow, very compact in a dry condition, clay loam BC (81-105) transitional horizon to the parent rock, with low of SOM, lighter and less compact than previous horizon,clay loam C1 (106-130) yellow parent rock, with calcaric concresions, carbonate mycelium, very compact, subangular blocky weak structure, clay loam C2 (131-160) light yellow parent rock, with with calcaric concretions and hard nodules, carbonate mycelium, clay loam. Other soil parameters of upper layer before foundation of the experiment: ","Yes","","","Yes","","1971","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Effect of organic and mineral fertilisation systems on crop productivity and fertility of grey forest soil","","Research Institute for Soil Science","Yaloven' st., eu,","","Ivancha, Orkheisky Region 100, mun. Kishin","2070","","Moldova","47.361153","28.844604","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","The site before experiment was used as an arable field. Soil was formed on a deep sedimentary rocks; their upper part represented by clay loams. ","Modern management system includes 5 fields with the following crop rotation: peas- winter wheat - winter barley - grain corn - sunflower. 14 treatments include only mineral application in annual rates for N: 0-75,0-240,0-90 for peas, cereals and sunflower, consequently for K: 60 for all crops, excluding control plots. For P: rates varied for maintaining available P levels 20-45 mg/kg. 0 treatment - Control without fertilization Avail.P level -15 mg/kg 1 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:60-60, cereals:120-60. P rates to support 20 mg/kg avail. P 2 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:60-60, cereals:120-60. P rates to support 25 mg/kg avail. P 3 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:60-60, cereals:120-60. P rates to support 30 mg/kg avail. P 4 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:60-60, cereals:120-60. P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 5 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:60-60, cereals:120-60. P rates to support 40 mg/kg avail. P 6 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:60-60, cereals:120-60. P rates to support 45 mg/kg avail. P 7 treatment - (K20) -60. P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 8 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:30-60, sunflower:45-60, cereals:60-60. P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 9 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60, sunflower:90-60, cereals:180-60. P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 10 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:75-60, sunflower:60-60, cereals:240-60. P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 11 treatment - (N-K20) :60-60, P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 12 treatment - (N-K20) Peas, sunflower, winter wheat:60-120, other cereals:240-120. P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 13 treatment - the same as 4 ","","","","Russian classification: grey forest middle deep clay loam soil FAO: greyzem ","","","","","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on humus balance and crop rotation productivity in Zavolzhie steppe","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Samarsky R&D Institute","K. Marksa street, 41","","Samara Region, Bezenchuk settlement,","446080","","Russia","52.975108","49.471435","","","","","","1967","On-going","","Europe","The site is situated on the upper Volga terrace on the left bank in 1 km from Bezenchuk settlement. The site belongs to chernozem steppe zone. Before the experiment foundation the site was used as part of 7-field rotation: black fallow –– winter crops –– spring wheat –– spring wheat –– crop –– spring wheat – barley. ","400-800","","","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Upper Volga terrace initially was flooded Volga valley, which has been formed during Aral – Caspian basin transgression. It is covered by thick sediments of ancient alluvium. The upper part of them are represented by silt and clay loams. More deep layers are characterized by stratification, with texture transition: silty loam – sandy loam – sand (at a depth of 1–5 m). Soil parent material – yellow-brownish loess calcareous loam. The site situated on a plain territory with very small manifestation of valleys and ravines, with marked microrelief represented by shallow flat stretched depressions and microelevations. ","Crop rotation : black fallow-winter crops-spring wheat-corn-spring wheat-barley on 6 individual fields. Treatments include absolute control, FYM at rate 60 t/ha per rotation at corn and during black fallow, mineral fertilization treatments with the following rates per rotation: N420 P420, N420 K210, N420 P420 K210, N315 P225 K135 and treatments with organic and mineral fertilization: FYM 30t/ha+N420 P420 K210, FYM 30t/ha+N210 P210 K210 and FYM 60t/ha+N315 P225 K135. In the latter case FYM was applied once during black fallow ","","","","Soil type: ordinary silty loam chernozem- Russian classification FAO classification - haplic chernozem Description of soil horizons: Average morphological properties are given based on 3 soil cuts. A horizon 0 – 35 cm. Arable layer, dark gray, cloddy weak structure, distinct transition, clay loam. A1 horizon 35 – 74 cm. Mottled gray and brownish color, cloddy-subangular structure, abundant roots. AB horizon 74 –130 cm. Brownish colored, more compact than upper horizon. Prismatic structure. Dark coatings on some ped faces, Hard calcareous nodules (Beloglazka)and carbonate veins on the border with horizon B. B horizon deeper than 130 cm. Brownish yellow , prismatic structure, abundant beloglazka and crotovins - traces of digging animals activity. ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of organic, mineral and organic-mineral fertilizers, applied in equivalent NPK rates, on crop rotation productivity and calcareous chernozem fertility","","Moldova State Agricultural University","","","Ketrosy training and experimental farm","","","Moldova","46.679594","29.179687","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","The site before experiment was used as an arable field for cultivation cereals, fodder and industrial crops. In this region ordinary and calcareus chernozems are predo minate in soil cover which were deposited as eluvial and deluvial sediments during Upper Quaternary. Soils were formed on deep sedimentary rocks. . Parent rocks are represented by loess loam and clay loam. 1-20 gentle slopes are predominate at the site.The site before experiment was used as an arable field. Soil was formed on a deep sedimentary rocks; their upper part represented by clay loams. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","The experiment includes 6-field crop rotation: silage corn -- winter wheat -- winter wheat -- grain corn-- spring barley -- sunflower. 25 treatments include organic, mineral and combined organic and mineral treatments. Initial scheme of fertilization in 1965-1985 1,6,18 - Control; 2,4- 40t/ha FYM ; 3-20 t/ha FYM, 5-80 t/ha FYM, 8-20 t/ha FYM +N100P50K120 (as N:P205:K20); 9-N100K50; 10,11-N200K100; 12, 20-N200P100K240; 15-P50; 17- N400P200K480; 19 - N100P50K120; 21 - N100K120; 22 - N200K240; 23 - P50K120; 24 - P100K240; 25 - 40 t/ha FYM +N400P200K480 . Bulk application once per rotation to silage corn for 3,4,7,9,12,15,19,21,23 treatments. For others - split application to silage corn and grain corn. Scheme of fertilization since 1986 : 2 - 120t/ha FYM, 9 - N600P300K480; 15 - 60 t/ha FYM + N300P150K360; 21 - N600P200K720; 23 - N400P300K720; triple rates for 11,12 treatments, double rates for others. FYM was split applied, as previously, to silage corn and grain corn, mineral fertilizers - annually, rates have been varied for specific crop. ","100-1000","","","Mycelial-calcareous, deep Chernozem with small amount of organic matter on loess loam. ","Yes","","","Yes","Once","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of systematic fertilization on yield, crop quality parameters and fertility of calcareous chernozem","","Research Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Hydrology","Yaloven' st., Grigoryevka, Kaushensky District","","100 mun. Kishineu","2070","","Moldova","46.890231","29.135742","","","","","","1966","On-going","","Europe","The site before experiment was used as an arable field.","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","In this region ordinary and calcareus chernozems are predominate in soil cover. Parent rocks are represented by silt and clay loams which were deposited as eluvial and deluvial sediments during Upper Quaternary. ","The experiment includes 4 fields with the following crop rotation: peas - winter wheat - sunflower - corn. 16 treatments include only mineral application in annual rates for N: 0-90,0-180,0-90 for peas, cereals and sunflower, consequently for K: 0-120, excluding control plots for P: rates varied for supporting available P levels 15-35 mg/kg 1 treatment - Control without fertilization Avail.P level -15 mg/kg 2 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 15 mg/kg avail. P 3 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 20 mg/kg avail. P 4 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 25 mg/kg avail. P 5 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 30 mg/kg avail. P 6 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 7 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 40 mg/kg avail. P 8 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P rates to support 45 mg/kg avail. P 9 treatment - N- Peas:45,sunflower:60,cereals:120 P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 10 treatment - K20:60 for all crops, P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 11 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:30-60,cereals:60-60 P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 12 treatment - (N-K20) Peas and sunflower:90-60,cereals:180-60 P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 13 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-120,sunflower:60-120,cereals:120-120 P rates to support 35 mg/kg avail. P 14 treatment - the same as 6, with application N in spring 15 treatment - the same as 6, with application N in autumn 13 treatment - (N-K20) Peas:45-60,sunflower:60-60,cereals:120-60 P205: 60 ","","","","Russian classification: calcareous deep clay loam chernozem with low humus content FAO: calcic chernozem Profile description A (0-26), arable, dark grey, wet, clay loam, compact, granular-cloddy,weak structure, effervescence from surface A (26-55) dark grey, wet, clay loam, compact, granular-cloddy firm structure, abundant roots,intensive effervescence, gradual transition B1 (55-80) brownish dark gray, wet, clay loam, more compact than previous horizon, subangular strong structure, with carbonate pseudomycelium intensive effervescence, gradual transition B2 (80-103) dark brown, wet, clay loam, subangular strong structure, abundant carbonate pseudomycelium, compact, gradual transition BC (103-124) brown with humic pockets, wet, clay loam, compact, abundant carbonate pseudomycelium ,cloddy prismatic structure, rare pores, gradual transition C, more deep than 124 cm grey-yellow, wet, clay loam, less compact, fine porosity, abundant calcareous nodules and veins. ","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of systematic straw application on humus content and nitrogen pool of soil","","Chelyabinsk NIISKH","","Timiryazevskiy","Chelyabinsk","456404","","Russia","54.515000","60.302000","","","","","","1971","On-going","","Asia","It was grain-fallow rotation on the site before 1971","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Number of plots - 64. 1 replicate - 16 plots. 3 replicates.4 N applications and 4 straw applications. N rates: 0, 60, 120,180. Straw and stubble: 1.Straw and stubble are removed 2.Straw is removed, stubble is ploughed up 3.Straw and stubble are ploughed up 4.Straw and stubble are burned up. Rotation: continuous spring wheat","1000-3000","","Other"," Russian classification: Soil cover includes middle leached chernozem - 69,2% of the area high leached chernozem - 20,3% (as spots), slighty leached chernozem - 8,0% podzolized chernozem - 1,9%, humus horizon depth - 70-100 cm Parent material - loess sandy sediments Profile description A plow (0-27), arable wet, dark-grey colour, fine granular structure, silty loam, compact, densily pierced by roots, distinct transition A1 (27-47), dark-grey, cloddy-subangular structure, silty loam, slighty compact, piersed by roots, distinct transition B (47-75) wet, brownish dark-grey colour, subangular structure weakly granular , silty loam,slighty compact,piersed by roots, gradual transition BC (75-103) wet, greyish brown colour, silty loam, subangular structure, compact, piersed by roots,carbonate pseudomycelium, gradual transition C 103 and deeper wet, grey-brown, loamy, cloddy-prismatic structure,carbonate pseudomycelium. Effervescence line 83 cm Rooting layer depth up to 80 cm","Yes","No","No","Yes","Every 5 years","1971","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Effect of tillage system on growth, maturity and yield of corn and soybean.","","","","","","","","United States","40.466667","-87.000000","Graveel, John","","","","","1975","","","North America","","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol","Chalmers silty clay loam fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquoll. Mollisol.","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Effects of deforestation on grass biomass and soil nutrient status in miombo woodland, Zambia","","","","","","","","Zambia","","","","Effects of deforestation on grass biomass and soil nutrient status in miombo woodland, Zambia","","","http://www.sei.se/eed/p7.html","1991","Terminated","2000","Africa","","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","","Forestry","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Alfisols and Ultisols","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Effects of Lime and Crop Residue on Soil Fertility and Crop Yield on Acidic soil under Rice-Rice-Soybean Cropping Sequence.","","","","","","","","Taiwan","22.600000","120.600000","","","","","","1974","","1995","Asia","solid - Plant N (samples decomposed with K2SO, CuSO4.5H2O and se (50:10:1 w/w) - determined by Conway's diffusion method). Plant P (Samples decomposed with three acids (HNO: HClO: H2SO4 4:1:1 v/v) - photoelectric colorimeter. Plant K (the course decomposed as plant P - flame photometer).","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Inceptisol","Flueutic Usthochrepts (old slate alluvial soil, silt loam).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Effects of long-term application of slurry on grassland cut for silage","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","54.433333","-6.416667","Christie, Peter","Literature ListLong-term application of animal slurries to grassland alters soil cation balance","","","","1970","On-going","","Europe","Original ecosystem: Temperate deciduous woodland. Estate farm until agricultural institute founded in 1926. The area was cut grassland, predominantly Lolium perenne L. sward immediately before the experiment was established.","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","There is a single land-use, cut grassland (3 cuts per year)","Hay","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 3.5 m Length of smallest plot is 8.5 m Width of largest plot is 28 m Length of largest plot is 51 m Slope: 5% . Shape: Convex Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.5m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 6 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a restricted randomized plot design. Randomised block with two replicates of all treatments fully randomized within each of three blocks. There are control plots described as follows: * Fertilizer control and unfertilized control plots present. Full details in J. Agric. Sci., Camb. (1987) 108: 529 (see reference list). All data analysed by analysis of variance. No data have been omitted.","10-100","","Inceptisol","Typic Dystrochrept","","","","","Never","","","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Efficiency of different rates and combinations of FYM and fertilizers on sandy loam podzoluvisoils","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","","District P.O. Olsha, Smolensk NIISKH","","Smolensk Region, Smolensk","216033","","Russia","54.724620","32.211914","","","","","","1978","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Before the beginning of the experiment the soil have been cultivated for long-term period. The most ancient rocks have Pre-Cambrian and Cambrian age and not participate in soil formation. The Quaternary deposits overly these rocks with glacial and fluvioglacial sediments predomination. North-West part of the Region represents a form of smooth undulating glacial relief Riss Ice Age. The Middle-Russian Upland ranges in height from 200 to 230 m. ","Rotation 1: 1979-1991 1.. Potatoes, 2. Barley, 3. Winter rye, 4. Oats, 5. Pea-oats, 6. Winter wheat, 7. Barley and perennial grasses, 8. Perennial grasses - 1 year, 9. Perennial grasses - 2 year, 10. Winter rye, 11. Oats Rotation 2: 1990-1997 and Rotation 3: 1996-2000 1. Potatoes, 2. Barley and perennial grasses, 3. Perennial grasses - 1 year, 4. Perennial grasses - 2 year, 5. Winter wheat, 6. Oats Field experiment was initiated on three fields. Now only 2 of them has remained without changes, the third field receives no any fertilizers since the end of the second rotation. For that field crop yield measurements are available. ","","","","Russian classification: soddy podsolic, shallow sandy loam on stone till sediments Profile description A (0-28), arable light grey, sandy loam, cloddy friable structure, with pea gravel inclusion, slightly compact, densily pierced by roots, distinct transition A2 (28-37) bleached with turn slightly pink colour, sandy loam, apedal, slightly compact, single roots, with pea gravel inclusion, bleached tongues create very wavy boundary A2B1 (28-53) not homogeneous in colour, with bleached tongues on brownishbackground,sandy loam -silt loam, plate-subangular structure, compact,with pea stone inclusions, Mn neoformations, gradual transition B1 (53-90) light brownish and brownish mottles with different granulometric composition - silt loam-heavy loam, plate-subangular structure, compact, with pea stone inclusions, Mn neoformations, gradual transition B2Ca (90-130) dark brownish colour, heavy loam with more sandy greenish tongue,plate-subangular structure, very compact horizon, with carbonates gradual transition B3Ca (130-170) dark brownish colour, clay loam with sandy tongue, plate-subangular structure, very compact horizon, Mn neoformations, with carbonates, distinct transition Cd (179-203) brownish red, clay loam with loess-like sandy tongues, plate-subangular structure, very compact horizon, with gleyish mottles Mn neoformations Rooting layer depth 0-40 cm ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Efficiency of different ratios of mineral and organic fertilizers in crop rotation","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Don Zonal NIISkH","RASSVET settl","","Aksai District, Rostov Region,","346714","","Russia","47.256864","39.891357","","","","","","1974","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. Also treatments receiving only N,P,K,NP,NK,PK.","1000-3000","3-10","","Soil group according to the FAO classification – calcic chernozem Soil type - ordinary mycelial-calcareous chernozem (Russian classification) Description of soil profile, soil pit No 24. Ap – 0-24 cm, dark-grey, clay loam, weakly compacted, granular-cloddy structure,densely pierced by plant roots; distinct transition based on density. A1 – 24-54 cm. Dark-grey with a light brownish shade; clay loam; rather compact; granular-cloddy structure compact; densily pierced by plant roots; distinct transition based on structure. B1 – 54-75 cm. Grey with a brown shade; clay loam; rather compact; densely pierced by roots; subangular-cloddy structure; distinct transition based on structure and color. B2 – 75-97 cm. Grey with a brownish shade, clay loam; compact; penetrated by roots; weak cloddy structure; distinct transition based on color. BC – 97-125 cm. Grey-brown; clay loam; compact; cloddy-subangular; root channels are filled by humus cutans; distinct transition based on color and texture. C 125-150 cm. Brown with a yellowish shade, clay; compact; practically apedal; humus cutans; rare plant roots . ","Yes","No","","","","1983","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Efficiency of fertilization in combination with application of plant protection chemicals in arable crop rotation","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Central Experimental Station VIUA-Shebantsevo field experiment","Barybino settlement","","Moscow region, Domodedovsky district,","142062","","Russia","55.306482","37.805328","","","","","","1960","On-going","","Europe","The site is situated on the border South taiga forest zone - forest steepe. Primary vegetation - broad-leaved forest (oak), with subsequent succession on birch and aspen trees. Poor drainage conditions and heavy texture favour water stagnation processes and gley features of soils. Typical soil cover pattern - complex of soddy-podzolic soils with different manifestation of excessive surface moistening features as affected by microrelief. ","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","I crop rotation: green vetch-oats – winter wheat + clover – clover – winter wheat – potatoes – barley Since II rotation: green vetch-oats – winter wheat – potatoes - barley+clover – winter wheat The experiment exists in 3 fields. At the beginning of the experiment treatments include application of different types of herbicides on background of lime 6 t/ha, 53t/ha FYM and N287P220K233 application during the 1st rotation; lime 4 t/ha,60t/ha FYM, N335P275K275 during the 2nd rotation. Treatment without herbicides was used as a control one. During the 3rd rotation 60 t/ha FYM (30 t/ha at potatoes and vetch-oats) and N640P450K770 was applied for background supporting. Since the 4th rotation II backgrounds were created after half-plot subdivision: 1 background included application of FYM at vetch-oats and potatoes at rate 30t/ha and mineral fertilizers as N390P300K455 per rotation; 2 background - only mineral fertilization as N690P450K815 per rotation. During the 5th and the 6th rotations amount of applied NPK was equivalent in both backgrounds . FYM was applied at vetch – oats and potatoes, mineral fertilizer rates were calculated according to nutrient uptake based on estimated crop yield. In average, annual rates were for 1 background 10t/ha FYM + N67.75P40.33K102.115, for 2 background – N117.115P65.58K162.135. Since 5th rotation effect of different combinations of herbicides, fungicides and retardants was studied. ","","","","Russian classification: Soddy podzolic heavy loam soil on moraine sediments FAO: Podzoluvisol Soil profile description: Plowing horizon 0-22 cm – light – gray, silt loam, loose structure, abundant ortstein grains. A2B1 horizon 22-35 cm – brown clay loam with bleached mottles, fine subangular structure, white powdering on most ped faces. B1 horizon 35-80 cm – yellowish - brown clay loam, subangular structure. White powdering on ped faces and Fe cutans. Mn soft grains in the lower part of horizon. B2 horizon 80-90 cm – yellow – brownish, compact, coarse subangular structure. Abundant Mn soft grains. BC horizon 150-160 cm – brown, sandy loam with increased content of sand comparing the upper horizons. ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","1960","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Efficiency of intermittent mineral fertilizers application in field crop rotation","","Michurinsk State Agricultural University","","","Michurinsk","393740","","Russia","52.912214","40.462646","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1967","On-going","","Europe","It was arable land before 1967 year.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Rotation: grasses-winter wheat-fodder beet-barley. Treatments:1.Control 2.N60К60 3.N60К60 + Р40 (annual) 4. N60К60 + Р80 (every 2 years) 5. N60К60 + Р240 (every 6 years) 6. N60К60 + Р40 (annual) 7. N60К60 + Р80 (every 2 years) 8. N60К60 + Р240 (every 6 years).","1000-3000","1-2","","Rassian classification: leached chernozem.","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1967","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Efficiency of low-analysis and high-analysis concentrated fertilizers (experiment 4).","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Dolgoprudnaya Agrochemical Experiment Station,","","","","","","Russia","55.927663","37.534790","","","","","","1933","On-going","","Europe","Until 1925, the plot was covered by mixed forest. In 1926 there was clearfelling. From 1927 to 1931, test sowing of vetch-oat mixture was performed. Before the foundation of the experiment fertilizers and lime were not applied. Flat territory. ","400-800","","No","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","From the 1st rotation to the 9th (1933-1976), the experiment was performed in a 5-field crop rotation; starting from the 10th rotation (1978) – in a 4-field crop rotation. The plot consists from the five fields. The layout included two backgrounds: with liming (in 1934, 1968, 1981; rates were calculated based on neutralization of one level of hydrolytic acidity), and without liming. 1st – 9th rotation (from 1933 to 1976). Five-field crop rotation. Clover-winter rye-potatoes-fodder beet-oat with grasses There were 5 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM (50 t/ha per rotation, applied at the rate of 25 t/ha, at potatoes and beet); 3. NPK – low-analysis fertilizer; 4. NPK – diammophos+KCl; 5. NPK – ammophos+KNO3. 10th rotation (1978) – present. Clover-winter wheat - potatoes (from 1994, sunflower)- barley+grasses. There are 5 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM (40 t/ha per rotation, applied at the rate of 20 t/ha, at potatoes and winter wheat); 3. NPK – ballast fertilizer; 4. NPK – diammophos+KCl; 5. NPK – ammophos+KNO3. In the course of the experiment, there were changes of mineral fertilizers rates. From the 1st rotation to the 9th, the following rates were applied: N90P90K90 at potatoes and fodder beet and N45P45K45 – at cereals and grasses. Starting from the 10th rotation – N90P90K120 at potatoes, N90P90K90 – at winter wheat, and N60P80K80 – at barley. (P - in P205, K in K20). Low-analysis fertilizers contain ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, and 40% manure salt. For providing 1:1 N:P ratio, ammonium nitrate was added to diammophos+KCl and to ammophos+KNO3. ","1000-3000","3-10","","Soil type - soddy podzolic heavy loamy soil on heavy mantle loam. FAO: podzoluvisol Description of soil profile, soil pit No 24. A1 – 0-14 cm plowing layer, grayish-brown color, sapedal. A2 – 14-21 cm. Podzolic horizon, whitish with brown spots with uneven boundary; platy structure, the lower side of the plates with more dark coloring comparing with the upper one, and contains a small quantity of iron nodules. Gradual transition in B1. B1 – 21-40 cm. Not homogeneous in color: on brown background there are few vertical whitish veins that coincide with main fissures; nutty structure, ped surfaces are covered with whitish powdering. B2 – 40-80 cm. Dark-brown coloring, prismatic structure, contains small black Mn soft nodules. B3 – 80-130 cm. Transitional to the parent rock. Light-brown, coarse prismatic structure. B4 – 130-200 cm. Transitional to the parent rock. Lighter than previous one, with rusty Fe mottles with uneven boundary, , there are indistinct ochre spots. Blocky structure. Soil granulometric composition and bulk analysis results (incl. total C and N ) in soil pit No 24 are available. ","Yes","No","","","","1931","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "EM89","","","","","","","","Australia","-41.000000","146.000000","Smethurst, Philip","","","","http://soil.scijournals.org/cgi/content/full/65/3/795","1985","","","Australia","solid - Net nitrogen mineralization (years 1-5), Soil water content and temperature. water - Nitrogen & Phosphorus From www.nasa.gov History of EM89 This experiment began in 1985. The site was previously a native eucalypt forest, but has been a Pinus radiata plantation for 47 years. There are four treatments as follows: 1) Slash and litter retained at harvest. 2) Litter only retained. 3) Litter only retained and ploughed. 4) Slash and litter removed. Mean annual temperature: 15 deg C; Minimum annual rainfall: 755 mm; Mean annual rainfall: 827 mm; Maximum annual rainfall: 870 mm More description about the plot Width of smallest plot is 20 m Length of smallest plot is 40 m Slope: 0-5% . Shape: Uniform, concave and convex Details of direction of cultivation: Both parallel and at right-angles to long axis of the plot Width of Discard Strip around plot: 5 Details of homogeneity of the plots: Details of homogeneity of plots in Smethurst & Nambiar (1990) refences in list. Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. 4 x 4 latin square. Slash and litter retained treatment is considered to be the control. Soil color: 0-15 cm - Dark grey sand. 15-30 - Grey sand. 30-40cm - light grey sand. 40-100cm - Pale orange sand. 100-130cm Weakly cemented pale orange sand. 130-200cm Bleached sand with thin clay lenses. Soil properties: Depth of root limiting layer: No root limiting layer Approximate soil organic matter content: 1.2% Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 33 Approximate soil bulk density: 1.29 g/cm3 Approximate minimum soil pH: 6.1 Method of determining soil pH: 1:5 soil to water Design: Plots are seven rows, seven to ten trees each row. Number of permanent plots:three eucalypt plantation sites: Westfield, Nabowla and Middlesex.","800-1200","","","","","Eucalyptus regnans E. obliqua, E. amygdalina E. ","Forestry","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","""Mudstone, Sandstone, & Basalt""","There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. 4 x 4 latin square. Slash and litter retained treatment is considered to be the control. ","","","Ultisol","Oxisol also; Paleustult, Eutrodox; Australian Class.; Mottled, mesotrophic,  brown Kurosol; Haplic, dystrophic, brown Kurosol; & Snuffy, mesotrophic, brown Ferrosol.","","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Essai permanent","","","","","","","","Belgium","50.566667","4.716667","Frankinet, M.","","","","","1959","","","Europe","","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Eutric cambisol (FAO), Hapludalf","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Experimental Station. Effect of main types and combination of fertilizers on crop rotation productivity and soil parameters","","","","","Lutsk, Volunsk","","","Ukraine","48.277709","22.384643","","","","","","1966","On-going","","Europe","Polesye lowland - forested boggy zone with excessive humidity. Before 1960 used for extensive agriculture, after that period - intensive technologies were introduced. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: soddy-podzolic, loamy sand, shallow-gley, onfluvioglacial deposits FAO: ferric podzol Rooting layer depth- 0-25 cm; single roots up to 100-120 cm; impermeable layer depth - 5 m. ","Yes","","","","Annual","1966","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Farmyard Manure, fertilizers and green manuring in rice-wheat systems in Bhutan","","","","","","","","Bhutan","","","","Effects of farmyard manure, ferilizers and green manuring in rice-wheat systems in Bhutan: results from a long-term study","","","http://www.nieparo.edu.bt/","1988","Terminated","1997","Asia","","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Entisol","Typic Ustifluvent and Ustorthent","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Fernow Long Term Soil Productivity","nitrogen cycling LSTP forest soils calcium ","Fernow Experimental Forest","","","Parsons","26287","","United States","39.138342","-79.672882","","","","","","1996","On-going","","North America","This study is designed to last 80 years, and to evaluate the role of organic matter and acidic deposition in the productivity of forest soils, and aboveground vegetation. Soils were sampled from 3 depths in 1996, before any treatments were applied, and again in 2001 and 2006. Experimental treatments include organic matter removal, addition of ammonium sulfate fertilizer, and additions of dolomitic lime. ","1200-2000","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","Yes","Quercus rubra, Liriodendron tulipifera, Prunus serotina, Acer saccharum, Acer rubrum","Forestry","Cool Temperate","Allegheny Mountain Plateau, part of the Appalachian mountains. ","","800-1500","fractured hard sandstone, and shale ","Each of the 16 plots is 0.2 ha with a buffer around it, total treatment plot area is 0.4047 ha per plot. There are control (uncut, no fert) plots, all organic matter removed, all o.m. removed +N&S fertilizer, and all o.m. removed +N&S + dolomitic lime. 4 blocks of 4 treatments","1000-3000","10-20","Inceptisol","Loamy-skeletal mixed mesic Typic Dystrochrepts","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1996","2006","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No" "Fertilisation system for sugar beet and other crops in beet rotation","","","","","","","","Russia","51.618016","39.331054","","","","","","1935","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Experimental field is situated on upland territory within Don-Voronezh interfluve. Elevation is 145 m (asl.), territory is flat. Groundwater depth - 55-58 m ","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure.","","","","Russian classification: Soil cover includes middle leached chernozem - 69,2% of the area high leached chernozem - 20,3% (as spots), slighty leached chernozem - 8,0% podzolized chernozem - 1,9%, humus horizon depth - 70-100 cm Parent material - loess sandy sediments Profile description A plow (0-27), arable wet, dark-grey colour, fine granular structure, silty loam, compact, densily pierced by roots, distinct transition A1 (27-47), dark-grey, cloddy-subangular structure, silty loam, slighty compact, piersed by roots, distinct transition B (47-75) wet, brownish dark-grey colour, subangular structure weakly granular , silty loam,slighty compact,piersed by roots, gradual transition BC (75-103) wet, greyish brown colour, silty loam, subangular structure, compact, piersed by roots,carbonate pseudomycelium, gradual transition C 103 and deeper wet, grey-brown, loamy, cloddy-prismatic structure,carbonate pseudomycelium. Effervescence line 83 cm Rooting layer depth up to 80 cm ","Yes","Yes","","","Annual","1975","1995","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Fertilisation system on podzolic soil in Pre-Ural Region","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","","","","","","","Russia","57.891497","56.513671","","","","","","1968","On-going","","Europe","The site before experiment was used as an arable land of the farm and was under treatment. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","The site geology - the underlying rock - Perm deposits (Kazan tier of Upper Perm). Parent rock - yellow-brown mantle loams. ","Experiment plan of the first rotation 1. Nil 2. Ca - background 3. Background - NPx 4. Background + NKx 5. Background + PKx 6. Background + NPKx 7. Background + FYM base rate (0,5 t/ha once a year) 8. Background + FYM 2 base rates 9. Background + NPK equiv. 1 FYM rate 10. Background + PK in equal N 1/2 equiv. 1 FYM rate 11. Background + FYM 1/2 rate + NPK equiv. 1/2 FYM rate 12. Background + 1 rate FYM + N 1/2 equiv. 1 FYM rate 13. Background + 1 FYM rate + P 14. Background 1 FYM rate + NPK equiv. 1 FYM rate x - fertilizers rates were calculated based on planning yield and nutrient balance N (-14), P (9,5), K (-41). Experiment plan in the second and third rotations 1. Nil 2. Ca - background 3. Background + N100 P100å 4. Background + N100 P100å 5. Background + N100 K100å 6. Background + P100 K100å 7. Background + P150 K100å 8. Background + N100 P100 K100å 9. Background + N100 P150 K100å 10. Background + N100 P200 K100å 11. Background + FYM 10 t/ha once a year 12. Background + FYM 15 t/ha once a year 13. Background + FYM 20 t/ha once a year 14. Background + FYM 25 t/ha once a year 15. Background + NPK equiv. 10 t/ha 16. Background + NPK equiv. 20 t/ha 17. Background + FYM 5 t/ha + NPK equiv. 5 t/ha 18. Background + FYM 10 t/ha + NPK equiv. 10 t/ha 19. Background + FYM 15 t/ha + NPK equiv. 15 t/ha 20. Background + FYM 20 t/ha + NPK equiv. 20 t/ha 21. Background + FYM 25 t/ha + NPK equiv. 25 t/ha 22. Background + PK in equal + N 1/2 equiv. 10 t/ha FYM 23. Background + PK in equal + N 1/2 equiv. 20 t/ha FYM 24. Background + FYM 10 t/ha + N 1/2 equiv. 10 t/ha FYM 25. Background + FYM 20 t/ha + N 1/2 equiv. 20 t/ha FYM 26. Background + FYM 10 t/ha + Pc equiv. 10 t/ha FYM 27. Background + FYM 20 t/ha + Pc equiv. 20 t/ha FYM x - mineral fertilizers rates were calculated based on nutrient removal compensation: for N - 100 and 150%, P - 100, 150, 200%, K - 100%. In the 4th crop rotation these doses are reduced twice. ","","","","Russian classification soddy podzolic soil of taiga-forest zone, fulvate unsaturated FAO: podzoluvisol Profile description A (0-20) light grey, dry, loamy, slighty compact, densily pierced by roots,no effervescence with 10% HCl, distinct transition based on colour and structure. A2B1(EB) (20-30) more ligher in colour comp. upper hor, loamy, slighty compact, platy structure, pierced by roots, no effervescence with 10% HCl, distinct transition based on colour and structure. B1 (30-50) brown, compact, subangular structure, clay, abundant fine pores, with colloid cutans and SiO2 powder on soil ped surfaces, slighty pierced by roots, no effervescence with 10% HCl. B2 (50-82) brown, wet, more compact than previous horizon, fine prizmatic-subangular structure, clay, abundant fine pores, slighty pierced by roots, no effervescence with 10% HCl, gradual transition. B2C (82-115) brown, wet, compact, loamy, fine pores, single roots, fine blocky-prismatic structure, no effervescence with 10% HCl, gradual transition. C (115-135) yellowish-brown, wet to moist, compact, sandy clay, single plant roots at the upper part of horison, single fine pores, no effervescence with 10% HCl Rooting depth - 115 cm ","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Fertilisation systems of organic and mineral fertilizers for field crops in crop rotation on leached chernozem","","Research Institute for Soil Science","Yaloven' st.,","","100 mun. Kishineu","2070","","Moldova","46.995241","28.894042","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","The site before experiment was used as an arable field. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","2-5%","0-200","In this region grey forest soils and a leached chernozem are predo- minate in soil cover. Parent rocks are represented by light clays, clay and silt loams which were deposited as eluvial and deluvial sediments in upper Quaternary. ","The experiment includes 5 fields with the following crop rotation: peas (beans)- winter wheat-winter barley-sunflower-grain corn. In the field experiment exist 3 types of fertilisation systems since 1991: 1. Mineral system. Application of mineral fertilizers. Soil residues were removed. 1- control (avail.P -10 mg/kg) 2- second control without fertilization (in second and third system this treatment is background) 3- N: Peas -30, winter barley and sunflower-45, other cereals -120kg/ha, K (in K20)-60, P in rates to support 10 mg/kg avail.P level (after Machigin method) based on annual P fertilization to compensate uptake of previous crop (in average 60 kg/ha P205) 4- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 20 mg/kg avail. P 5- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail. P 6- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 40 mg/kg avail. P 7- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 50 mg/kg avail. P 8- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 60 mg/kg avail. P 9- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 70 mg/kg avail. P 10- N and K: as in 3;P in rates to support 80 mg/kg avail. P 11- K as in 3, P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail. P 12- N: Peas , winter barley and sunflower-30, other cereals -60 K (in K20)-60; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P 13- N: Peas , winter barley and sunflower-45, other cereals -120 K (in K20)-60; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P 14- N: Peas , winter barley and sunflower-60, other cereals -180 K (in K20)-60; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P 15- N: Peas , winter barley and sunflower-75, other cereals -240 K (in K20)-60; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P 16- N: Peas , winter barley and sunflower-90, other cereals -300 K (in K20)-60; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P 17- N: Peas-30 in spring , winter barley and sunflower-45 in spring, winter wheat - 60+60 in spring, corn - 120 in spring P, K as previous 18- N: Peas-45 in spring , winter barley and sunflower-60 in spring, winter wheat - 60+120 in spring, corn - 60+60 in spring P, K as previous 19- N: Peas-60 in spring , winter barley and sunflower-75 in spring, winter wheat - 60+180 in spring, corn - 90+90 in spring P, K as previous 20- N: Peas-75 in spring , other crops - calculated rates P, K as previous 21- N: Peas-30 , winter barley and sunflower-45, other cereals -120 K (in K20)-120; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P 22- N: Peas-30 , winter barley and sunflower-45, other cereals -120 K (in K20)-60+10; P in rates to support 30 mg/kg avail.P II. Organic and mineral. 60 t/ha FYM was applied every 5 years. Soil residues were not removed. Mineral fertilizers rates are the same. III. Soil residues were not removed. Mineral fertilizers rates are the same. ","","","","Russian classification: leached deep clay loam chernozem with low humus content ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Field crops productivity in the five–course crop rotation","","Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Moscow,","Kursk field stationary experiment","","Kursky region, Kursky district, Cheremushky settlement","307026","","Russia","51.672555","36.166992","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","Before foundation the site was within Central Department of Kursk Agricultural Experiment Station territory. Manure and mineral fertilizers were not applied during 4 years before the experiment foundation. Flat territory ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","The experiment includes simultaneous comparative study of 8 crop rotations on 2 backgrounds - control (without fertilization) and with application of N200P250K150 and 20 t/ha manure per 5-year rotation. The site consists of 3 fields. Each field have 16 treatments - 2 from each crop rotation as control and fertilization plots. 1 rotation and fertilization scheme: peas(FYM 20t/ha)–winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-corn(N80P70K70)-barley. 2 rotation and fertilization scheme: peas(FYM 20t/ha)–winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-corn(N80P70K70)-winter rye. 3 rotation and fertilization scheme: black fallow(FYM 20t/ha)–winter wheat N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-corn(N80P70K70)-barley. 4 rotation and fertilization scheme: corn(FYM 20t/ha)–winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-corn(N80P70K70)-barley. 5 rotation and fertilization scheme: barley+clover(FYM 20t/ha)–clover-winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-corn(N80P70K70). 6 rotation and fertilization scheme: spring wheat+clover(FYM 20t/ha)–clover–winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-corn(N80P70K70). 7 rotation and fertilization scheme: peas-oats mixture(FYM 20t/ha)–winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120)-spring wheat-sugar beet(N90P90K90). 8 rotation and fertilization scheme: barley+clover(FYM 20t/ha)–clover I year–clover II year (P30K30)-winter wheat (N30P60K60)-sugar beet(N90P120K120). ","","","","Before foundation the site was within Central Department of Kursk Agricultural Experiment Station territory. Manure and mineral fertilizers were not applied during 4 years before the experiment foundation. Flat territory ","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Forms of nitrogen fertilizers and time of ammonium nitrate application, No. 71","","","Metsniereba st.#1,","","Anaseuli, Ozurgeti","384380","","Georgia","42.326062","41.638183","","","","","","1952","On-going","","Europe","Under forest before 1928. Clearing in 1929. Tea plantation was founded after 45cm depth soil trenching in 1930, cult. ""Mestnaya populatsiya"" was planted in 1931. Lines of trees were planted with 1.5x0.5m lay out. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","Tea plantation. Rates, term and types of sulfate ammonium & nitrate ammonium applications were studied in the period from 1952 to 1966. Half-hard cutting took place in 1967. The experiment with different forms & ways of nitrogen fertilizers' application was founded in 1969 on the basis of 1967-68 preliminary records . Phosphorus & potassium were applied once each 4 years : year rate P205 - 150, K20 - 100kg/ha Comparative efficiency of different N forms can be revealed after 10-years of experimentation. ","3000-10,000","10-20","","Soil FAO type description: ferrisol Russian classification: red soils Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) -- 3-4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees' leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) -- greyish-dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots -- 20-25cm thickness. B1 horizon - transition horizon, cloddy, clay-loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon -- brownish-red with black & light-yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35-45cm C horizon -- parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe-Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. ","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "GCE LTER Soils","Tidal wetlands Sea level rise climate change ","Sapelo Island","","","","31327","","United States","31.428037","-81.279412","Craft, Christopher","Freshwater input structures soil properties, vertical accretion and nutrient accumulation of Georgia and U.S. tidal marshes","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","","2001","On-going but no long-term endowment","","North America","","","","","","","Spartina alterniflora, Juncus roemerianus, Zizaniopsis milacea, Taxodium distichum, Nyssa aquatica","","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","Coastal plain sediments","10 permanent sites on three estuaries (Altamaha River, Doboy Sound, Sapelo River)","","10-20","Entisol","Sulfaquents, Fluvaquents","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","2001","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Geescroft Wilderness","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","51.816667","-0.350000","","","","","http://www.forestresearch.gov.uk/fr/infd-5z5gl6","1885","On-going","","Europe","solid - Leaf-fall was measured in 1959, 1965 and 1966 and provides an estimate of PART of the C input to the site. The site is now very acid. The pH in 1985 was 4.2.","","","No","","","","Other","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","Naturally regenerated woodland following deliberate abandonment of arable cropping.","","","","Alfisol","Flinty silty clay loam over Clay-with-flints. Stagnogleyic paleoargillic brown earth, Batcombe Series (SSEW 1980, 1984). Aquic (or Typic) Paleudalf (USDA Soil Survey Staff 1992). Chromic Luvisol (or Alisol) (FAO 1990)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Gilat Research Center Long-Term Field Experiment","arid and semi-arid wheat ","","","","","","","Israel","31.333330","34.683330","","","","","","1975","On-going","","Asia","Dr. Amir originated study. Dr. David Bonfil has been managing since 1996.","<400","","No","Xeric","","Wheat","Arable","","","","","","","","","","Calcic Xerosol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Glen Innes Rotation Experiment","","","","","","","","Australia","-29.700000","151.700000","","","","","http://gcmd.nasa.gov/records/GCMD_WWAI.GlenInnes.html","1921","","","Australia","Agricultural Research & Advisory Station, PMB, Glen Innes, Australia archive - Results of analyses performed for total soil N available from 1939, 1952, 1959, 1984 and at regular intervals from 1994. Results of analyses for soil organic C are available from 1939, 1952, 1984 and at a regular interval from 1994","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","","Prairie - Australian Great Soil Group (ref Stace HCT, Hubble GD, Brewer R, Northcote KH, Sleeman JR, Mulcahy MJ a","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Grassland Afforestation - Flooding Pampas","","","","","","","","Argentina","-36.000000","-57.833333","Jobbagy, Esteban","Groundwater and soil chemical changes under phreatophytic tree plantations.Groundwater use and salinization with grassland afforestationPatterns and mechanisms of soil acidification in the conversion of grasslands to forests","","","","2000","","","South America","archive - wet + dry deposition and throughfall, soil volumetric water content at different depths (TDR), and groundwater level measured in both grassland and forest plots (Jobbagy and Jackson, 2003, 2004). Isotope studies in both rainfall and soil water (Jobbagy and Jackson, 2007) Soil biota data: Studies on microbes in many sites of Argentina including this one are currently performed not by the data holder and they have not been published so far (contact Sean Berthrong in the Jackson lab for more details). I would also suggest to post, along with Jobbagy and Jackson (2003) the articles: Engel, Jobbagy, Stieglitz, Williams and Jackson, 2005, Hydrological consequences of Eucalyptus afforestation in the Argentine Pampas, WRR 41. Jobbagy and Jackson, 2004, Groundwater use and salinization with grassland afforestation, GCB 10. Jobbagy and Jackson, 2007, GROUNDWATER AND SOIL CHEMICAL CHANGES UNDER PHREATOPHYTIC TREE PLANTATIONS, JGR-biogeosciences (to appear) ","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Udic","Yes","Grassland: Paspalum dilatatum Bacharis sp. (mixed C3-C4 grassland) Afforestation: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Sparse understory of Celtis tala","Grazed","Cool Temperate","The region is extremely flat (slope<0.1%) Site is located in an upland position","0-2%","0-200","Quaternary loess","Adjacent plots, grassland vs. afforestation Five permanent plots on each side of the fence between plantation and grassland (50 m away from fence to each side)","","3-10","Mollisol"," Hapludol","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","2001","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","","","","" "Hajduboszormeny - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","47.750000","21.383333","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Vertisol","Pelleaquert (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Hilo Eucalypt","","","","","","","","United States","19.695607","-155.091247","","","","","http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/content/full/92/4","1994","","","","PAC.10.31.05 No luck! Any other info to go on?","","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","","","Forestry","Tropical","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Hoosfield Continuous Barley","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","51.816667","-0.350000","Poulton, Paul","","","","","1852","","","Europe","","400-800","","","Aquic","Yes","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Occupied (farmed?) since Roman times. Map of 1623 shows field in arable. Arable crops 1847-1851. Clay-with-flints overlying chalk; see Avery & Catt (1995) The Soil at Rothamsted Land use: Continuous Spring Barley 1852-present. Until 1966 Trts: ((-,P,KNaMg,PKNaMg,PK) x (No N,48kg N as (NH4)2SO4,48kg N as NaNO3,96 kg N as castor meal, all /ha)); also Nil, ashes (to 1932), 35t/ha FYM (to 1871), 35t/ha FYM (to present). All these subdivided in 1968 - 4 levels N as NH4NO3 - 0,48,96,144 kgN/ha cyclically. Also, 1968-1978 Potatoes,beans,barley rotation on previous castor meal section. Treatments P,KNaMg,PKNaMg,PK divided to receive the four levels of N as NH4NO3.","0-2%","","","Details of the plots. Width of smallest plot is 5.3 m. Length of smallest plot is 6.7 m. Width of largest plot is 12.2 m. Length of largest plot is 10.5 m. Slope: 0 . Shape: -Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel (currently) Width of Discard Strip around plot: 4.6-6.9m. Details of homogeneity of the plots: Some plots 6.7x5.3 m. Other sizes in earlier years. For many years cultivations were carried out both parallel and at right angles to the plots. As a result of soil transects carried out in the 1950s, cultivations were restricted and wide discards between plots introduced in the 1960s (Warren & Johnston, 1967). There were two control plots until 1967. Since 1968 when plots were divided to receive different rates of N fertilizer all plots now receive N on a cyclical system. All plots receive chalk - on a regular basis since the 1950s. All plots receive pesticides when necessary. None so far. Some analyses have been done retrospectively; no serious differences have been observed.","","","Alfisol","Flinty silty clay loam over clay-with-flints. Stagnogleyic paleoargillic brown earth, Batcombe Series (S.S.E.W. 1980, 1984). Aquic (or Typic Paleudalf (USDA, Soil Survey Staff 1992). Chromic Luvisol (or Alisol) (F.A.O. 1990)","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Annual","1852","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Horseshoe Bend Agroecosystem Experiment: Conventional tillage, no-tllage, and reforestation effects on soils","","","","","","","","United States","33.952473","-83.397216","","","","","","1936","On-going","","North America","Markewitz? http://www.ecology.uga.edu/facilities/horseshoebend/hsb.html http://crops.confex.com/crops/2005am/techprogram/P6183.HTM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Studies","catchment research ","","","","West Thornton","","","United States","43.933561","-71.686950","","","","","Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study","","On-going","","North America","Biogeochemical watershed studies were initiated in 1963. ","1200-2000","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","Yes","Northern hardwood forests","Forestry","Cool Temperate","White Mountains","","500-800","Stony glacial till","","","","Spodosol","Haplorthods","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Hubbard Brook Sandbox Study","","","","","West Thornton","","New Hampshire","United States","43.933561","-71.686950","","","","","Hubbard Brook Sandbox Study","1982","On-going","","North America","","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","Yes","Several tree species","Other","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Entisol","experimentally constructed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Impacts of managing loblolly pine plantations for biofuels production on site productivity and sustainability","switchgrass sustainability nutrient cycling long term study loblolly pine intercropping intensive management Biofuels ","Weyerhaeuser NC Timberlands","","","Dover","","","United States","35.215992","-77.430954","","","","","","2008","On-going and endowed","","North America","","","","","","","Loblolly","Forestry","","","","","","The overall objective of this long-term study is to determine the effects of intercropping and/or biomass management on site productivity and sustainability in a loblolly pine plantation. The study is evaluating this objective in three different areas: Sustainability perspective Does this management regime affect soil productivity, carbon storage and nitrogen capital? Silvicultural effects Does this management regime adversely affect crop tree productivity? Water availability and use How does this management affect water availability for both crop trees and switchgrass? Study Design and Treatments: The field site is located near Dover, NC, within Weyerhaeuser’s NC Timberlands. Soils are mapped as Pantego (fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Umbric Paleaquults) or Rains (fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleaquults) soil series. The previous stand was a 109 ha 1974 loblolly pine plantation site index of 21.3 m at age 25. The study was installed as a randomized complete block design with 4 blocks. Seven 0.8 ha treatment plots with 0.4 ha measurement plots were established in each block for a total of 28 plots. The plots have a minimum outer buffer of 15 m. Treatments include: 1. Traditional pine establishment (crop trees planted on bedded rows spaced approximately 6 m apart) with residuals left in place (i.e. all non-merchantable material remained on site 2. Traditional pine establishment (crop trees planted on bedded rows spaced approximately 6 m apart) with residuals removed (i.e. all coarse woody debris > 5 cm in diameter removed) 3. Pine intercropped with switchgrass between the bedded rows with residuals left in place 4. Pine intercropped with switchgrass between the bedded rows with residuals removed Pine establishment with “extra” row of trees flat-planted in between crop tree beds with residuals left in place 5. Pine establishment with “extra” row of trees flat-planted in between crop tree beds with residuals removed 6. Switchgrass only A reference stand adjacent to the experiment will remain un-harvested. This reference stand is approximately 28 ha and contains identical soils and age as the harvested one. Baseline data were collected to obtain information related to the previous stand. These include: 1)Soil profile; 2) Soil bulk density; 3) Soil chemical/physical properties at three depths (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-45 cm); 4) Forest floor separated into two layers (litter layer (i.e. Oi horizon) and fragmented + humus layers (i.e. Oe and Oa horizons); 5) Tree heights and diameters; 6) Vegetation identification and/or ground cover; 7) Tree foliage samples for nutrient contents; 8) Soil penetrometer readings pre- and post-site preparation. The long-term goal of the study is to determine how managing land for both biofuels and traditional forest products (i.e., sawtimber) affects stand productivity (biofuel biomass and tree growth) and whether this management regime is sustainable over multiple rotations (i.e. harvests). Understanding carbon and nitrogen cycling as well as water use efficiency will aid in determining the feasibility of this intercropping approach. As such, it will provide direction for developing guidelines and management practices for biomass production for energy. ","3000-10,000",">20","Ultisol","Soils are mapped as Pantego (fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Umbric Paleaquults) or Rains (fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleaquults) soil series.","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","2008","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","No","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Influence of agricultural land management on organic matter content, microbial activity and aggregate stability in the profiles","","","","","","","","South Africa","","","","","","","","","","2002","Africa","","","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Oxisol","Rhodic Ferralsols","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Influence of continuous black fallow on deep chernozem fertility","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Moscow,","Kursk field stationary experiment","","Cheremushky sett, Kursky district, Kursky region","307026","","Russia","51.738084","36.187591","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","Before foundation the site was within Central Department of Kursk Agricultural Experiment Station territory. Manure and mineral fertilizers were not applied during 4 years before the experiment foundation. Flat territory. ","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Continuous black fallow includes 3 treatments: absolute control , with application of 16 t/ha FYM during several years after foundation of the experiment and N80P60K60 during several years after foundation of the experiment, with subsequent cessation of fertilization. 1 field replicate The site includes control plot – without fertilization. ","","","","Soil type description – Russian classification - Typical deep heavy loam chernozem on loess loam. FAO: haplic chernozem Based on soil survey before the experiment foundation it have been revealed that soil cover of the station is not homogenious: 60-66% of the territory under typical chernozems, 15% under carbonate chernozems which alternate with meadow chernozem soils of valleys. A horizon (arable) –– 0 –24 cm, dark–gray, cloddy partially apedal and crush structure, with separate blocks 5–10 cm in diameter, clay loam. A 1 horizon –– 24 –70 cm, dark–gray, more brown in lower part, with cloddy–granular fine structure with increasing ped size down the horizon, abundant worm channels 3 –5 mm in diameter, coprolites, maximal content of plant roots in A and A1. B 1 horizon –– 70 –120 cm, mottled grayish – brown, with humus accumulation,effervescence from 65 –70 cm , blocky subangular structure, abundant crotovines, filled with dark –gray carbonate-free clay loam material from upper horizon and yellow–brownish carbonate clay loam material from more deep horizons, abundant pseudomycelium. B2 horizon –– 120 –160 cm, yellow – brown with yellow and gray – brownish mottles of crotovines with different diameter, cloddy structure, very gradual transition to parent rock based on level of zoogenic pedoturbation C horizon –– 160 –300 cm, parent rock, loess loam, weak blocky structure, bright calcareous veins. ","Yes","","","Yes","Once","1965","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Influence of continuous cultivation on crop productivity and deep chernozem fertility","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Moscow,","Kursk field stationary experiment","","Kursky region, Kursky district, Cheremushky sett","307026","","Russia","52.026514","35.557937","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","No","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","The experiment includes simultaneous comparative study of 5 crops on 4 fields, for EuroSOMNET part of the site was used under continuous wheat. Continuous winter wheat includes 2 treatments - control (without fertilization) and annual application of N45P60K45 w, each treatment with 4 replications. ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification - Typical deep heavy loam chernozem on loess loam. FAO: haplic chernozem Based on soil survey before the experiment foundation it have been revealed that soil cover of the station is not homogenious: 60-66% of the territory under typical chernozems, 15% under carbonate chernozems which alternate with meadow chernozem soils of valleys. A horizon (arable) –– 0 –24 cm, dark–gray, cloddy partially apedal and crush structure, with separate blocks 5–10 cm in diameter, clay loam. A 1 horizon –– 24 –70 cm, dark–gray, more brown in lower part, with cloddy–granular fine structure with increasing ped size down the horizon, abundant worm channels 3 –5 mm in diameter, coprolites, maximal content of plant roots in A and A1. B 1 horizon –– 70 –120 cm, mottled grayish – brown, with humus accumulation, effervescence from 65 –70 cm , blocky subangular structure, abundant crotovines, filled with dark –gray carbonate-free clay loam material from upper horizon and yellow–brownish carbonate clay loam material from more deep horizons, abundant pseudomycelium. B2 horizon –– 120 –160 cm, yellow – brown with yellow and gray – brownish mottles of crotovines with different diameter, cloddy structure, very gradual transition to parent rock based on level of zoogenic pedoturbation C horizon –– 160 –300 cm, parent rock, loess loam, weak blocky structure, bright calcareous veins. ","Yes","","No","","","1964","2007","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Influence of different improved nutrition regime factors on tea plantation productivity. The experiment no 68","","","Metsniereba st.#1, Anaseuli, Ozurgeti,","","","384380","","Georgia","42.488301","41.572265","","","","","","1950","On-going","","Europe","Plantation was initiated in 1937 by M. Bziava . After full clearfelling, maize has been grown for 2 years. The first cultivation for tea plantation foundation in March 1936 included 45-46 cm depth tilling with soil horizons mixing. Selected seeds of ""Kimyn"" local cultivar from Anaseuli was used as sowing material . ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","Plantation was founded as lines of trees with 1,5 m distance between rows. Only best seedlings based on growth characteristics were left for the following cultivation during the first two years of experiment. Distance between seedlings was 25cm . Superphosphate has been applied in rate 120kg/ha as a background before experiment foundation from 1938 to 1950,excepting 1943. N fertilizer as sulfate ammonium has been applied in different rates based on plantation age: in 1938–1940 –– 50kg/ha, 1941–– 150kg/ha, from 1942 to 1949 –– 200kg/ha yearly, excepting 1946. K fertilizers (40%–potash manure) were applied in rate 100kg/ha K2O only in 1949. Control plots haven’t receive any fertilization since time of experiment foundation. P has been applied in rate 400kg/ha P2O5 and potash –– 900 kg/ha K2O every two years. On plots with N annual rate 300 kg/ha the fertilizer was bulk applied in March, for rate 500 kg/ha there were two applications: 300 kg/ha in March and 200 kg/ha in middle July. Plots with rates 700 kg/ha have received N fertilizers three times: 300 kg/ha –– in the first part of March, 200 kg/ha –– in middle June, 200 kg/ha –– in middle July. Partly decomposed FYM was applied in rate 80t/ha . On plots with joint application of FYM and liquid dung rates were 78 and 2 t/ha, consequently . FYM and liquid dung have been given in 1950, 1951, 1954, 1955, the latter manure have been applied twice per year: in middle June & middle July. The experimental site is situated on a plateau, with higher than average soil productivity characteristics. There were 15–18 tea harvestings per each season since the experiment foundation. There was 7-10 times yield increase on 300 kg/ha N treatment comparing with control. During first 3 years of the experiment further increase of N rates leads to 10-16% yield increase with some decrease up to 6-7% in subsequent fourth and fifth year. The yield increase caused by FYM application is 10-14%, with residual effect. On irrigation plots in dry years observed increase was 10-14%. ","3000-10,000","","","Soil FAO type description: ferrisol Russian classification: red soils on stratified clay sediments Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) –– 3–4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees’ leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) –– greyish–dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots –– 20–25cm thickness. B1 horizon – transition horizon, cloddy, clay–loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon –– brownish–red with black & light–yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35–45cm C horizon –– parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe–Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. Water holding capacity…38–48% ","","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Influence of systematic fertilization on soil","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Chelyabinsk NIISKH","","Timiryazevsky settlement","Chebarkulsk","456404","","Russia","54.945090","60.720577","","","","","","1971","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","No","Ustic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Land use: 1. Crop rotation 1971-1992 2. Fallow rotation with cereals 1992-1997 3. Continuous spring wheat 1971-1997 ","","","","Soil type - leached shallow chernozem on carbonate silty loam FAO: Luvic chernozem rooting depth - 50 cm 0-27cm A pl close to wet, dark grey, silty loam, cloddy structure, partly apedal, slightly compact, contains single gravel, gradual transition 27-48cm B1 close to wet, dark grey with tongues with initial parent rock colour , heavy loam, cloddy structure, compact, contains single gravel, gradual transition 48-65cm B2 wet, grey with more dark humus tongues, silty loam, cloddy subangular structure,compact,contains single gravel, gradual transition 65-87cm BCca wet, pale brownish colour, silty loam, fine subangular structure,compact, contains carbonates,gradual transition >87 cm Cca wet, silty loam,pale brown, apedal, slightly compact ","Yes","No","","Yes","Every 5 years","1971","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Iregszemcse - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","46.700000","18.183333","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol"," Hapludoll (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Jabalpur Centre, Madhya Pradesh (All India Coordinated Research Project on Long-Term Fertilizer Experiments).","","","","","","","","India","23.200000","79.950000","Swarup, Anand","","","","","1972","","","Asia","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Vertisol"," Kheri series of fine montmorillonitic hyperthermic familt of Typic Chromusterts (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Kansas Biotic Succession Facility","old field forest succession ecosystem fragmentation ","Kansas University Field Station and Ecological Reserves","","20 minutes north of campus at the field station","Lawrence","","","United States","39.050000","-95.183300","","","","","Kansas Biological Survey; see link to Kansas Applied Remote Sensing program for additional website containing remote sensing data of the site","1984","On-going but no long-term endowment","","North America","See: Yao J, Holt D, Rich M et al (1999) Woody plant colonization in an experimentally fragmented landscape. Ecology 22:715-728 and Billings, S., Gaydess, E. 2008. Soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in a fragmented landscape experiencing forest succession. Landscape Ecology 23:581-593 for complete site descriptions. The site consists of an abandoned agricultural field, permitted to undergo forest succession since 1984 in statistically replicated patches of various sizes (4X8 m, 12X24 m, 50X100 m). Patch interspace consists of a mixture of native and introduced grasses (mixed C4 and C3), mowed annually. Initial studies examined the role of patch size and distance to seed source in determining successional trajectories. More recently, Billings has examined how carbon and nitrogen fluxes in the soil profile differ between patch sizes (as related to successional trajectory). Soils were sampled in 2003, 2004, and 2005 by Billings, and are archived in her lab. Soils were also sampled early in the study (Steve Hamburg at Brown University has those samples) and late 1990s (Bryan Foster at KU has those samples). Billings intends to continue sampling as long as the study continues. The site was formerly funded by the NSF LTREB program (Bob Holt and Bryan Foster) and by NSF EPSCoR (Billings); currently, it receives no funding. It is maintained by annual mowing by the Kansas Biological Survey. ","800-1200","","No","","Yes","Bromus inermis (in interspaces), Cornus drummondii, Ulmus rubra, Juniperus virginiana","Other","","","","","","See above. Plot size varies.","","","Mollisol","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","1980","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","","","","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","","","","" "Karcag - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","47.283333","20.900000","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Mollisol","Cacliudoll (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Kellogg Biological Station LTER","row crop agriculture global warming potential ","","","","","","","United States","42.404936","-85.399453","","","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","http://www.lter.kbs.msu.edu/","1980","On-going","","North America","","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Alfisol","The dominant KBS soil series are the Kalamazoo (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalfs) and Oshtemo (coarse-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalfs) series.","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Keszthely - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","46.766667","17.233333","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","Native ecosystem: forest. Previous crops: wheat, barley, maize (sunflower), pea, (wheat). Site geology: alluvium+loess. Land use: Rotation 1 - wheat,maize,maize,pea. Rotation 2 - wheat,maize,maize,wheat. Treatments: NPK fertilizers (20-40 treatments). solid - a) Soil description Apl 0-22cm: reddish-brown loam with polyhedric crumb structure, very compact, non-calcareous. BC 22-40 cm: reddish-brown compact loam, calcareous. C1 40-65 cm: yellowish light brown sandy loess with slight lime precipitation, strongly calcareous. C2 65-135 cm: yellow sandy loess with lime concretions and ferric spots, strongly calcareous. b) Soil properties * Approximate soil organic matter content: 1.7% * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 10 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.46 g/cm3 * Approximate ground water level: 300 cm * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 26% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 20 um): 19% * Percent sand (i.e. particles greater than 20 um): 55% * Approximate soil pH: 5.9 * Approximate minimum soil pH: 5.9 * Approximate maximum soil pH: 5.9 * Method of determining soil pH: 1% KCl soil solution ratio 1:2.5 glass electrode. b) Soil sampling * Time zero soil measurements taken. Samples from the genetic layers, at least 4 profiles: pH (H2O), pH (KCl), CaCO3%, hydrolitic acidity, plasticity index according to Arany, hygroscopy at 35.2% relative humidity, lifting of capillary water in 5 and 20 hrs, humus%, total N%, calcium lactate soluble P2O5, ammonium lactate soluble K2O, (exchangeable Ca & Mg). Sampling after the harvest of previous crops, samples were not stored. * Details of soil sampling method: Sampling after the harvest of previous crops, at least 10 auger samples (approx 1 kg) unified, air dried, sieved 2mm, point samples are taken from the net plot. c) Soil measurements made and frequency * Total carbon: Annually (plots in last year of rotation only) * Method of measuring total carbon: C measurement with bichromate method according to Tyurin. Humus% = C%x1.724 * Total nitrogen: Annually (plots in last year of rotation only) * Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl method after H2SO4 digestion. * Total mineral nitrogen: Annually (plots in last year of rotation only) * Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: 1% KCl solution, soil solution ratiio 1:2.5 after reduction measurement with Kjeldahl method. * Soil bulk density or weight: Once or twice during experiment * Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Special sampling cylinder (200 cu cm) dried at 105 deg C. * Other nutrients: Soluble P, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Mn, SO4--. water - Approximate ground water level: 300 cm","400-800","","","","","Previous crops: wheat, barley, maize (sunflower), pea, (wheat).","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","Site geology: alluvium+loess.","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 10 m Length of smallest plot is 6 m Slope: <1% * Details of direction of cultivation: Changed yearly Width of Bare Strip around plot: 1-1.5 m Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.5-0.7 m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a restricted randomized plot design. Split-plot, incomplete block. There are control plots described as follows: * Unfertilized control cultivated and planted as the treated plots. Deletion of data which differ from the average by more than 3 SDs, and replacement with treatment average over blocks. Original data are also available. ","1000-3000","","Inceptisol"," Eutrochrept (USDA)","","","","","Never","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Kompolt - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","47.683333","20.233333","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Mollisol"," Audodoll (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Konza Prairie","","","","","","","Kansas","United States","39.080000","-96.580000","Blair, John","Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","http://www.konza.ksu.edu","1986","","","North America","http://www.lternet.edu/sites/knz/","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","","Grazed","Cool Temperate","","","","""Konza Prairie is representative of the Flints Hills, a dissected upland with hard chert- and flint-bearing limestone layers. The ridges are usually flat with shallow, rocky soils, whereas the larger and wider valleys have deep permeable soils. The steep-sided hills are characterized by exposed Permian limestone and shale strata that prevented cultivation.""","Burning & mowing treatments in addition to nutrient (N, P) additions","10-100","","Mollisol","","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","" "Korean Long-term Ecological Research - Mt. Jumbong","","","","","","","","South Korea","30.000000","128.433333","Kang, Hojeong","","ILTER - International Long Term Ecological Research","","http://www.ilternet.edu/networks/korea/","1994","On-going","","Asia","","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","","Other","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","800-1500","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "L 28, Effect of N-fertilization by different organic fertilization","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","52.466667","13.300000","Kerschberger, Dr. M.","The long-term agrometeorological field experiment at Berlin-Dahlem, Germany","","","","1966","On-going","","Europe","located in the southwest of the city. solid -Physical soil parameters at the experimental site Parameter/layer (m) 0±0.30 0.30±0.50 0.50±0.80 Sand-content (%) 72.1 69.8 65.3 Silt-content (%) 25.0 25.5 23.4 Clay-content (%) 2.9 4.7 11.3 Available field capacity (mm) 58.8 35.9 45.3 Bulk density of dry soil (g cmÿ3) 1.72 1.80 1.80 Details of soil sampling method: Soil was sampled by auger: sampling area per variant: ca 60 m2 (one plot has 15 m2) Soil is separated into layers Details of measuring depths and soil layers: 0-20cm layer for pH, P, K, Mg, Ct and Nt; 0-30, 30-60 and 60-90cm layers for NO3 and NH4 (several variants - not every year) Total carbon: Less than once per year Method of measuring total carbon: Dry combustion (trockene Verbrennung) Total nitrogen: Less than once per year Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl method Total mineral nitrogen: Less than once per year Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: photometric regulation (Photometrische Bestimmung) Other nutrients: pH - 0.01 M CaCl2-extract, P and K - DL-method (since 1992 CAL-method), Mg - Schachtschabel-method vegetative - Yield: Yearly since 1967 Total above-ground dry matter: Yearly since 1981 Nitrogen content of offtake: Yearly since 1981","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Arable crops in present and previous land-use","","","lower coloured sandstone","Details of the plots Width of plot is 14.25 m Length of plot is 15 m Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel to long-axis of plot Width of Bare Strip around plot: 30cm b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a randomized plot design. There are control plots described as follows: Nil inputs plots for each land-use/crop rotation One crop/land-use and 16 treatments. Rotation of grain/clover-grass in year one with potatoes/maize OR beet rape in the second year. Grain clover/grass receives either 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 or 200 kg N/ha of inorganic fertilizer. Potato/maize receives either 5 t/ha straw incorporated every 2nd year (to potatoes), 20 t/ha farmyard manure every second year (to potatoes) or 50, 100, 150, 200 or 250 kg N/ha of inorganic fertilizer. Beet/rape receives either 5 t/ha of straw incorporated everyu 2nd year (to beet), 20 t/ha of farmyard manure every second year (to beet), or 0, 70, 140, 210, 280 or 350 kg N/ha of inorganic fertilizer. The rotation changed in 1993 to a three year rotation of grain-grain-potatoes OR maize OR beet OR rape with slightly changed rates of organic fertilizers applied. Inorganic applications have remained unchanged. ","100-1000","3-10","Alfisol","FAO - albic luvisol - Lower coloured sandstone, loamy sand, REICHSBODENSCHATZUNG SL 32/31","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","" "La Selva","","","","","","","","Costa Rica","10.433333","-83.983333","","","","","http://www.daac.ornl.gov/NPP/site_des/slv_des.html","1969","","","North America","La Selva Biological Station, INTERLINK-341, P.O. Box 02-5635, Miami, FL 33102 Averages 4 meters of rain annually!","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","","Forestry","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol","Inceptisols and Ultisols","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Lake Wheeler Biochar Field Experiment","Ultisol agro-ecosystem ","Lake Wheeler Research Station","","","Raleigh","","","United States","35.760000","-78.643414","","","","","","2008","On-going","","North America","Small plot study with RCB design. Biochar added at four rates, 0, 2, 10, and 50 Mg/ha. Corn grown in first growing season, wheat planted in dormant season.","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Udic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","Interfluve","2-5%","","Granitic gneiss","Randomized complete block design","<10",">20","Ultisol","Kanhapludult","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Lancaster Rotation, Wisconsin","","","","","","","","United States","42.850000","-90.700000","","","","","","1967","","","North America","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","USDA: Rosetta silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalf).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Land Use Experiment (DIII, Berlin-Dahlem/Germany)","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","52.466667","13.300000","Ellmer, Frank","","","","","1923","","","Europe","a) Soil description Albic Luvisol (FAO) Ap 0-30 cm: silty sand, single grain structure; Al 30-50 cm: silty sand, single grain structure; al/IIBt 50-60 cm: silty/loamy sand, single grain/subpolyhedric structure; IIbt 60-80 cm: loamy sand, single grain/subpolyhedric structure; IICv >80 cm: loamy sand, single grain/subpolyhedric structure. b) Soil properties * Depth of root limiting layer: No root limiting layer * Approximate water holding capacity: 21 mm per 100 mm * Approximate soil organic matter content: 1.2% * Approximate carbon content: .7% * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 10 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.7 g/cm3 * Approximate minimum ground water level: 2000 cm * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 4% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 63 um): 23% * Percent sand (i.e. particles between 63 um and 2000 um): 73% * Approximate soil pH: 5.5 * Approximate minimum soil pH: 5.5 * Approximate maximum soil pH: 5.5 * Method of determining soil pH: CaCl2 archive - b) Soil sampling * Details of soil sampling method: 25 single samples are taken per plot using an auger, combined to give a mixed sample. The samples are generally taken from 3 replications (nos 4,5,6; ie 96 plots) at irregular intervals, depending on special research projects. Due to the large number of treatments (32) sampling is sometimes limited to selected treatments. * Soil is separated into layers * Details of measuring depths and soil layers: 0-16,16-30,30-50 cm. The frequency of sampling is generally the same for all layers. solid - Soil measurements made and frequency * Total carbon: Irregular - 1937,52,56,62,67,70,88,89,90. * Method of measuring total carbon: Different methods used during the course of the experiment. The latest sampling used gas chromatographic determination of CO2 and N2 after dry combustion of soil (with Nitrogen Analyser Carlo Erba 1500). * Total nitrogen: Irregular (1937,52,56,62,67,70,88,89,90). * Method of measuring total nitrogen: Methods have varied during the course of the experiment. * Total mineral nitrogen: 1989,1990 only * Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: NO3 - Na-Salicylate method; NH4 - Nessler's Reagent * Soil bulk density or weight: Irregular (1961/2,67-70,88) * Other nutrients: pH (1923,26,29,31,32,34,39,46,47,52,56,62,67,70,75,85,88,89, 90). P (1924,32,38,49,52,56,62,67,70). K (1924,32,38,56,62,67,70). Ca (1956). Mg (1956). Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn (1988/89). * Atmospheric inputs: Measurements of nutrient inputs (several anions and cations) contained in rainfall are available (long term values from other experiments in the research station). * Other measurements: Soil: several microbiological parameters (1988-90). Plant: sociology of weeds (1988-90); investigaations into the yield structure of cereals (ears/sq m, 1000 grain weight, grains/ear, grains/sq m, nos of fertile and sterile spikelets, etc), since 1967. vegetative - Yield: Annual * Total above-ground dry matter: Annual * 1967-70: N,P,K. 1989/89: Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn (selected treatments).","400-800","","","","Yes","Since 1967, 4 year rotation either fodder beet,winter wheat, potatoes, winter wheat or winter rye,winter wheat,oats,winter wheat (treatment E). Treatments: A.2xdepth of ploughing; B.with/without lime; C.with/without phosphate; D.with/without stable manure; E.crop rotation. A,B,C from 1923; D since 1939; E since 1967. ","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Glacial origins.","Width of smallest plot is 4 m Length of smallest plot is 5 m Slope: Negligible . Shape: Uniform Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel Width of Bare Strip around plot: None Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.5 m Details of homogeneity of the plots: Variability is high due to 1) natural soil heterogeneity; 2) treatments, esp. line and manure fertilizing, which influence pH,SOM,nutrients very differently in the various zones of the plots. The problem is intensified by the small plot size. Some small investigations were done in the pase, but systematic research work is still missing. There are at least 6 replicates in the experiment. Systematic design. ","10-100","","Alfisol"," Albic Luvisol (FAO)","","","","","","1975","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","" "Legume / cereal rotation on black soil","","","","","","","","Australia","-31.100000","150.933333","Crocker, Graham","","","","","1966","","","Australia","","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Vertisol","Pellic vertisol (Black Earth) FAO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Legume / cereal rotation on red soil","","","","","","","","Australia","-31.100000","150.933333","Crocker, Graham","","","","","1966","","1966","Australia","","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Vertisol","Chromic vertisol (Red clay) International classification","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Lethbridge Historical Dryland Study (Rotation ABC)","wheat summer fallow Fertilizer ","Lethbridge Research Centre","5403 - 1st Avenue South","Box 3000","Lethbridge","T1J 4B1","","Canada","49.699753","-112.776621","","","","","","1911","On-going","","North America","The experiment includes several dryland wheat systems (with and without summer fallow), each with a factorial of nitrogen and phosphorus treatments). The study is unreplicated, but includes two sets of plots: 'Rotation plots', used historically for collecting agronomic data, and 'Chemist plots', used historically for colelcting soil samples. Both sets of plots have been sampeld in the last half-century. Also considered part of this study is a large plot of land which has never been cultivated. Althoug referred to as 'native grassland, the area has been ivaded by non-native grass species. ","400-800","","No","Aridic","No","wheat","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","800-1500","","Each main plot is further divided into 4 sub-plots, varying in fertilzier rate","3000-10,000","3-10","Mollisol","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","","1910","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","No","","","","","Yes","","","","","" "Lethbridge: Rotation 120","Rotation ","Lethbridge Research Centre","","PO Box 3000","Lethbridge","T1J 4B1","","Canada","49.705000","-112.774700","Smith, Elwin","Long-term sites: musings on the future, as seen (dimly) from the past","","","","1951","On-going","","North America"," Plots were established in 1951 on land that had been used for a mixed crop rotation with light manure applications every sixth year since being broken from native grass in about 1910. Significant changes occurred in 1985 when several obsolete rotations were eliminated and new rotations were added. The experiment at this time was renamed Rotation 116. From 1995 to 2000 the entire plot area was seeded to wheat each year to determine the residual effect of the previous rotations on wheat yield. The replicates were split across their width so that one half received N fertilizer and the other half did not. In 2001 the rotations that were present prior to 1995 with some changes were re-established and the experiment was renamed again, this time Rotation 120.","","","No","Aridic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","800-1500","The soil is an Orthic Dark Brown Chernozem (Typic Haploboroll) developed on alluvial lacustrine parent material under native vegetation of tall and short grass species. Surface soils have a loam texture (45% sand, 30% silt, 25% clay) and neutral pH. Subsurface layers are calcareous. "," The treatments are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. All phases of each crop rotation is present each year (e.g. a 6 year rotation has 6 plots per replicate). Plots are 3.2 x 36.6 m in size. Current rotations are: (1) Continuous wheat (W); (2) Fallow-Wheat (FW); (3) Fallow-Wheat-Wheat (FWW); (4) Continuous wheat (+N fert.) (W (+N)); (5) Fallow-Wheat (+N fert.) (FW (+N)); (6) Fallow-Wheat-Wheat (+N fert.) (FWW (+N)); (7) Oat + pea (forage) (+ manure)-Wheat-Wheat (O+PWW); (8) Lentil (green manure)-Wheat-Wheat (LWW); (9) Fallow (+ manure)-Wheat-Wheat (FMWW); (10) Fallow-Wheat-Wheat-Hay-Hay-Hay (FWWHHH); (11) Corn (+N fert 1) (C (+N)); (12) Hay (H); (13) Native grass (NG)","","","Mollisol"," Typic Haploborol, Dark Brown Chernozem (Canadian Classification System) ","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","1954","2000","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","","","","","","","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Lethbridge: Rotation U - irrigated cropping system","Soil quality Irrigated fertility ","Lethbridge Research Centre","","PO Box 3000","Lethbrige","T1J 4B1","","Canada","49.702962","-112.757492","Smith, Elwin","A comparison of strategies for ameliorating subsoil acidity: I. Long-term growth effects","","","","1911","On-going","","North America","The treatments have changed over time. Originally sugar beets and potatoes were grown. Major changes occurred in 1933, 1990 and 2004. ","<400","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Aridic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","800-1500","The soil is an Orthic Dark Brown Chernozem (Typic Haploboroll) developed on alluvial lacustrine parent material under native vegetation and short grass species. Surface soils have a loam texture (45% sand, 30% silt, 25%clay) and neutral pH. Subsurface layers are calcareous.","3 crop rotations: (5yr)alfalfa-alfalfa-alfalfa-wheat-barley; (5yr)corn silage-wheat-corn silage-wheat-barley; and the previous 2 rotations in sequence over 10 yr. 4 inorganic P and livestock manure combinations. 3 replicates. Only the corn-based rotation receives N fertilizer (100 kg ha-1). Not all crops are planted each year, but in years 4 and 5 of the rotations the crops are the same (wheat and barley) across all plots.","","3-10","Mollisol","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes",">Every 5 years","1910","2003","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No" "Liming efficiency on different fertilizer type and rates background","","","Nezalezhnosti st., 19; Khorostkiv, Gusyatinsky District,","","Ternopol","","","Ukraine","48.217352","25.837097","","","","","","1963","On-going","","Europe","Arable since 1956, before 1958 cereals-sugar beet crop rotation, 1958-60 - levelling seedling: oats and vetch-oats for hey. Consequent beginning of the experiment in 1962-1966 on 10 fields. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","10-year crop rotation on 10 fields: silage corn- winter wheat - sugar beet - barley + clover - clover (2 cuttings) - winter wheat- sugare beet - peas - winter wheat - grain corn. 12 treatments include NPK(640-660-660 per rotation), 2 levels NPK, NP, PK,NK, application on manure (90 t/ha) and lime background, as well as 1/2 NPK level, 1,5NPK on manure background and NPK on 45 and 120 t/ha FYM and lime background. Separate treatments - FYM application and lime inputs. Trial plots were splitted for lime application on 1/2 of the each plot during 3th rotation. ","","","","Russian classification Typical chernozem with low humus content on loess sediments FAO classification: haplic chernozem Typical soil profile Hk (0-44cm) Dark grey, contains carbonates,coarse silt clay loam; the transition is gradual Hpk (44-80 cm) upper transitional mottled humus horison, contains carbonates brownish dark grey, coarse silt loam, slightly compact, the transition is gradual Rhk (81-115 cm) lower transitional horison, non intensive humus colour, granular-cloddy structure, slightly compact, contains carbonates the transition is gradual R(h)k (>115cm) loess carbonate loam Depth of rooting zone 160-180 cm ","No","","","Yes","Annual","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Long term changes in the distribution and delta N-15 values of individual soil amino acids in the absence of plant and fertiliser inputs","","","","","","","","France","","","","","","","http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/(ootglvuqsyezdgbr2vrrvm45)/app/home/contri...","1928","","","Europe","Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Mollisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long Term Manurial Experiments in Tamil Nadu","","","","","","","","India","","","","","","","http://www.tnau.ac.in/scms/SSAC/Res/SACltfe.htm","1909","","","Asia","","","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","","","","","","","","Various","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term changes in soil organic matter under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems in semiarid Morocco","","","","","","","","Morocco","33.000000","-9.366667","Mrabet, Rachid","Total, particulate organic matter and structural stability of a Calcixeroll soil under different wheat rotations and tillage sys","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cabi/sum/2003/00000019/00000002/art00008","1992","On-going","","Africa","INRA-Meknes, P.O. Box 578, Meknes, 50000, Morocco","","","","Xeric","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","200-500","","","","","Mollisol","Vertic Calcixeroll","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term compost and fertilizer application on soil phosphorus status under paddy cropping system","","","","","","","","South Korea","","","","Effects of Long-Term Compost and Fertilizer Application on Soil Phosphorus Status Under Paddy Cropping System","","","","1964","","","Asia","","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Ultisol","Aquic Hapludults","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-Term Continuous Cropping Experiment","","","","","","","","Philippines","","","Buresh, Roland","Reversal of rice yield decline in a long-term continuous cropping experiment","","","http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/content/full/92/4","1963","","","Asia","Emd: DanO 13 July 05; Emd Roland Buresh 15 Jul 05; R Buresh is data holder 18 Jul 05 em; Dan Olk and Ken Cassman, USDA Soil Tilth Lab, Iowa State Univ Dan Olk Kenneth G Cassman","","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol","Andaqueptic Haplaquoll","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term Ecological Research in Row Crop Agriculture","trace gas nutrients anpp agriculture ","W.K. Kellogg Biological Station","3700 East Gull Lake Drive","","Hickory Corners","49060","","United States","42.441665","-85.388264","Bohm, Sven","","","","KBS LTER Site","1989","On-going","","North America","","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","Yes","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","200-500","Soils in the area developed on glacial till","Our experimental design provides four annual cropping systems managed with a range of chemical-input intensities (from full to zero chemical inputs); two perennial cropping systems (one herbaceous [alfalfa] and the other woody [Populus sp.]); and two successional communities (one historically tilled and one never tilled). In 1993 we added three additional communities to the design, for a total of 5 unmanaged communities that now include three later successional oldfields abandoned from cropping 40-60 years ago, three planted conifer stands, and three older-growth hardwood stands. The design thus provides a wide range of replicated communities with the same pedogenic history that differ in key ecological characteristics (e.g. plant species diversity, productivity, litter quality, microclimate). This allows us to test specific hypotheses from which we can better infer the ecological mechanisms that confer productivity in row-crop ecosystems – mechanisms that can then be tested with specific manipulative experiments. Baseline measurements are taken from all 11 community types, but not all communities are used to test every project hypothesis.","3000-10,000",">20","Alfisol","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1989","","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes" "Long-term effect of farmyard manure and N on yield of pearl millet-wheat cropping sequence.","","","","","","","","India","29.183333","75.766667","Gupta, A.P.","Effect of Continuous Application of Farm Yard Manure and Nitrogen on Organic Carbon and Available N, P and K content in SoilDynamics of FYM on Physical Properties and Organic Matter Build-up of Soil","","","","1967","","","Asia","solid - Plant (grain and straw) samples analysed for N, P & K content. Occasionally, soil samples are analysed for infiltration rate and other physical parameters.","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol","Fine loamy aridic ustochrept (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-Term effect of Tillage systems on winter field crops in dryland Mediterranean conditions","","Selvanera","","","LLeida","","","Spain (Espana)","41.816667","1.283333","Cantero-Martínez, Carlos","","","","","1987","On-going","","Europe","Selvanera, Lleida, Spain","400-800","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","Xeric","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","200-500","","Four treatments of different soil tillage management. No tillage, Minimum tillage, Chisel, Deep subsoiling in a randomized block design with 3 replications. ","3000-10,000","10-20","Inceptisol","Xerocrept Fluventic Mesic","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1994","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No" "Long-Term Effects of Cropping Systems and Fertilizers on Soil Physical Properties","","","","","","","","United States","","","","","","","http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?sid=JCMW9LLR48E18M5HJSEQGX...","","","","North America","Subbian, P. et al. 2000. LT effects of cropping systems and fertilizers on soil physical properties. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 16 (2).","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Alfisol","","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term effects of fertilization on the forms and availability of soil phosphorus in rice paddy","","","","","","","","South Korea","36.600000","128.750000","Kim, Pil Joo","Long-term effects of fertilization on the forms and availability of soil phosphorus in rice paddy","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.02.027","1967","","","Asia","solid - Phosphorus","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","","10-100","","Inceptisol","Typic Haplaquepts","","","","","","","","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term effects of wheat residue management on some fertility indicators of a semi-arid Plinthosol","","","","","","","","South Africa","-28.216667","28.300000","","Influence of Long-Term Wheat residue management on some Fertility Indicators of an Avalon soils at Bethlehem","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search/expand?pub=infobike://els/01671987/2001/000...","1989","","","Africa","","400-800","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","""Beaufort mudstone, shale, sandstone and grit with dolerite sills""","","","","Alfisol"," Plinthustalfs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term Fertilization Trial","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","49.833333","8.566667","Raupp, Joachim","Manure Fertilization for Soil Organic Matter Maintenance and its Effects Upon Crops, and the Environment, Evaluated in a Long-term TrialLong-term field experiments in Organic Farming","","","http://www.innovations-report.com/html/profiles/profile-1182.html","1980","On-going","","Europe","Brandschneise 5 D-64295 Darmstadt ","400-800","","","Aridic","","8.566667","Arable","Cool Temperate","plain; ample valley of the river Rhine","","0-200","wind sediment (sand) over fluvial deposit","3 fertilization types combined with 3 rates, arranged in a split block design with 4 replicates","","","Alfisol"," sandy orthic luvisol","","Yes","Yes","","Annual","1980","2005","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","" "Long-Term Maize, Sorghum, and Millet Monoculture Effects on an Argentina Typic Ustipsamment","","","","","","","","Argentina","","","Buschiazzo, Daniel","Long-term maize, sorghum, and millet monoculture effects on an Argentina Typic Ustipsamment.","","","","1996","On-going","","South America","","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Entisol","Typic Ustipsamment","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term N, P, K fertilization of cassava and soil chemical properties in N Vietnam","","","","","","","","Vietnam","","","","Long-term nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization of cassava influences soil chemical properties in North Vietnam","","","","1999","","","Asia","","","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","","","","","","","Ultisol","Acrisols","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term Soil Fertility Experiment in Rice-Wheat","","","","","","","","India","","","","Long-term Soil Fertility Experiment in Rice-Wheat cropping system in West Bengal","","","http://www.rwc.cgiar.org/new/docs/cps6-09.pdf","1986","On-going","","Asia","West Bengal, India (cgray) more LTFE papers at http://www.rwc.cgiar.o","","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term Soil Fertility Experiment, Orja","","","","","","","","Sweden","55.866667","12.883333","Mattsson, Lennart","","","","","1957","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Inceptisol","Typic Eutrochrept (Soil Survey Staff, 1990). Eutric Cambisol (FAO, 1988).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-Term Soil Productivity Study-LA1 installation","","LA1","Palustris Experimental Forest,","Calcasieu Ranger District, Kisatchie National Forest","McNary","","","United States","31.030761","-92.650580","","","","","","1990","On-going","","North America","","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Udic","No","Pinus taeda L.","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","","2-5%","0-200","Alluvial and marine sediments","3x3 factorial with split plots. Three levels of organic matter removal at harvest (bole-only, whole-tree aboveground, whole-tree above ground and all forest floor and understory removed). Three levels of experimental soil compaction (none, moderate, severe, where severe was estimated to be 80% of the growth-limiting bulk density as determined by Daddow and Warrington (1980). Each 0.6 ha plot is split, with one half receiving vegetation control (pine monoculture) and the other half receiving no additional treatment.","3000-10,000","3-10","Alfisol","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","","1989","2005","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No" "Long-Term Soil Productivity Study-Texas installations","","Davy Crockett National Forest","","","Groveton","","","United States","31.111923","-95.161685","","","","","","1997","On-going","","North America","","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Ustic","No","Pinus taeda L.","Forestry","Tropical","","","","","3x3 factorial, split plot. Three replicate installations of 3 levels each of organic matter removal at harvest and soil compaction. Split plot: half of each 0.6 ha plot received chemical competition control (herbicide); the other half didn't. Seedlings planted after harvest.","3000-10,000","","Alfisol","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1996","2007","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term static fertilizer experiments in Skierniewice","","","","","","","","Poland","51.966667","20.166667","Stanislaw, Mercik","","","","","1923","","","Europe","","","","","","","Vegetable crops only.","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Alfisol","Type soils: lessives. Subtype: typical - Ap-Eet-Bt-C. Soil taxonomy USDA - Hapludalfs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term tillage (C and D)","","","","","","","","United States","41.233333","-100.750000","Lyon, Drew J.","","","","","1970","","","North America","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol","Duroc loam (fine silty, mixed, mesic, Pachic Haplustolls) USDA system.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term tillage and crop rotation in southern Brazil","","","","","","","","Brazil","-23.666667","-50.866667","","Long-term tillage and crop rotation effects on microbial biomass and C and N mineralization in a Brazilian Oxisol","","","http://200.201.27.90/site/","1983","On-going","","South America","SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 51 (1-2): 71-79 JUL 1999, also SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 77 (2): 137-145 JUN 2004","1200-2000","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","","500-800","","","","","Oxisol","Typic Haplorthox","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term tillage and maize monoculture effects on a tropical Alfisol in western Nigeria","","","","","","","","Nigeria","","","","Long-term tillage and maize monoculture effects on a tropical Alfisol in western Nigeria.","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/01671987","1980","Terminated","1987","Africa","","800-1200","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","clayey, skeletal, isohyperthermic, kaolinitic Oxic Paleustalf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term tillage and maize monoculture effects on a tropical Alfisol in western Nigeria. II. Soil chemical properties","","","","","","","","Nigeria","","","","Long-term tillage and maize monoculture effects on a tropical Alfisol in western Nigeria .1. Crop yield and soil physicalLong-term tillage and maize monoculture effects on a tropical Alfisol in western Nigeria .2. Soil chemical properties","","","","1987","","","Africa","","","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","","","","","","","Alfisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "LONG-TERM TILLAGE EFFECTS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ERODED SOIL","","","","","","","","United States","","","Olson, Kenneth","","","","http://www.soilsci.com/pt/re/soilsci/abstract.00010694-199812000-00007.htm","1988","","","North America","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term Tillage Study (Hoytville - Northwest ARS)","","","","","","","","United States","41.216667","-83.766667","Dick, Warren","Long-Term Tillage Study Bibliography","Long-term Tillage Study - Northwest ARS","","","1963","","","North America","4240 Range Line Rd., Custar, Ohio, 43511 solid - Mollic Ochraqualf","800-1200","","","","","","","","","","0-200","","The TA3 area, like the Wooster 731-732 series, consists of 54 plots. There are 3 reps of 3 tillages with 3 rotations. The rotation of corn-soybean has a plot of each crop for every year and the rotation of corn-oats-meadow (hay) has a plot of each crop for every year. The continuous corn plots of course, retain the same crop year to year. Plot size is ~ 21ft wide (8 rows of corn) x ~ 100 ft long. The plots exist in three ranges (reps) which are separated by grass alleys. Each rep is also split with a grass alley between plots. The field is bordered by a wooded area which we currently use as a comparative background soil.","100-1000","","Alfisol","Mollic Ochraqualf","","","Yes","Yes","","1980","2005","Yes","","","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-term Tillage Study (S. Charleston - Western ARS)","","","","","","","","United States","39.866667","-83.666667","Dick, Warren","Long-Term Tillage Study Bibliography","Long-term Tillage Study - Northwest ARS","","","1963","","","North America","7639 S. Charleston Pike, South Charleston, OH, 45368 solid - Phosphorus and Potassium were other macronutrients analyzed. ","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","0-200","","The plots are similar to the Wooster 741 series with 4 reps of 3 tillages, randomized, and are continuously cropped with corn. Plot size is ~ 15 ft wide (6 rows of corn) x 210 ft long.","100-1000","","Alfisol","Typic Argiaquoll (Brookston) or Aeric Ochraqualf","","","Yes","Yes","Once","1993","1993","Yes","","","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Long-Term Tillage Study (Wooster Triplett-VanDoren)","","","","","","","","United States","40.783333","-81.916667","Dick, Warren","List of Publications on the OARDC/OSU Longterm Tillage SitesLong-Term Tillage Study Bibliography","Long-term Tillage Study - Northwest ARS","","","1962","On-going","","North America","228 Research Services Building, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH, 44691 solid - Phosphorus and Potassium were other macronutrients analyzed. Mean Annual Temperature: 9.1 C Precipitation: 905mm Other information is in Lal et. al. 1994 solid - Phosphorus and Potassium were other macronutrients analyzed.","800-1200","","","","","Corn","Arable","","","","200-500","Fine textured, calcareous, glacial till ","Two sets of plots: [[1]] The 741 series which is continuous corn only and consists of 12 plots (4 reps of 3 tillages, randomized) with 8 rows of corn. Plot size is ~20 ft wide x 120 ft long. [[2]] The 731-732 series which are called the rotational plots consists of 54 plots with 3 reps of 3 tillages with 3 rotations. The rotation of corn-soybean has a plot of each crop for every year and the rotation of corn-oats-meadow (hay) has a plot of each crop for every year. The continuous corn plots of course, retain the same crop year to year. The experimental design is a split plot with tillage being assigned to whole plots and rotation assigned to subplots. Plot size is ~ 15 ft wide (6 rows of corn) x ~ 80 ft long. The plots exist in two ranges which are separated by a grass alley. The field is bordered by a wooded area which we currently use as a comparative background soil. ","100-1000","","Alfisol","","","","Yes","Yes","","1980","2003","Yes","","","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Longterm fertilization experiment on rice paddy","soil quality and health rice productivity Paddy soil chemical ferilizeration ","Qianting village","Jinjiaba Township","","Wujiang Municipality","210095","","China","31.060000","120.460000","","","","","http://www.ireea.cn","1987","On-going","","Asia","This is a special trial designed for soil quality and health changes under different fertilization with and without organic amendments","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Aquic","No","rice cultivars","Arable","Warm Subtropical","Lying in the great Tai Lake plain. ","0-2%","0-200","quaternary lacustrine deposition","4 fertilization treatments including non-fertilized, chemically fertilized, chemically fertilized with straw amended, chemically fertilized with manure amended","10-100","3-10","Inceptisol","Hydro-agric anthrosols; aquaentic Inceptisol","Yes","No","No","No","Every 5 years","2000","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes" "LT Field Expiment in Sweden: effects of org. and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility and crop quality","","","","","","","","Sweden","59.000000","17.000000","","Long-Term Field Experiment in Sweden: Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Crop Quality","","","http://www.jdb.se/sbfi/publ/boston/boston7.html","1958","Terminated","1990","Europe","Soil is silty loam w/low humus but not nutrient de","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","","0-200","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Luquillo Puerto Rico","","","","","","","","United States","18.373750","-65.719528","","Carbon sequestration and plant community dynamics following reforestation of tropical pasture","ILTER - International Long Term Ecological Research","","http://luq.lternet.edu/","1959","","","North America","","","","","","","","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","","","200-500","","","","","Ultisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Magruder Plots","","","","","","","","United States","36.116667","-97.083333","Raun, Bill","Nitrogen balance in the Magruder plots following 109 years in continuous winter wheat","","","http://www.nue.okstate.edu/Long_Term_Experiments/M","1892","","","North America","044 N. Ag Hall, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078 Also look here for other long-term studies: http://www.nue.okstate.edu/Long_Term_Experiments.htm ","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Ustic",""," Triticum, aestivum L.","Arable","Cool Temperate","Soils formed in clayey alluvium underlain by Permian shales. Soil Classification: Kirkland silt loam fine, mixed, thermic Udertic Paleustolls ","0-2%","500-800","alluvium, underlain by Permian shales","Experiment established prior to the advent of modern statistics. 6 treatments (fertilizer applied annually), continuous winter wheat production 1. Manure applied every 4 years at 240 lb N/ac 2. Check (no nutrients applied since 1892) 3. Phosphorus applied as TSP, 30 lb P2O5/ac/year 4. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Applied, 30 lb N/ac/year, 30 lb P2O5/ac/year 5. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Applied, 30 lb N/ac/year, 30 lb P2O5/ac/year, 30 lb K2O/ac/year 6. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Applied, 30 lb N/ac/year, 30 lb P2O5/ac/year, 30 lb K2O/ac/year, + Lime applied when soil pH is below 5.5 ","1000-3000","3-10","Mollisol","Paleustoll","","","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Mallee wheat rotation and fallow experiment","","","","","","","","Australia","","","","Long-term comparison of rotation and fallow tillage systems of wheat in Australia","","","","1982","Terminated","2000","Australia","Field Crops Research, Vol. 83, Iss. 2, pages 173-190","","","","Xeric","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Aridisol","Calcic Xerosol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Manistee National Forest - Nitrogen Deposition","","Manistee National Forest","","","","","","United States","45.000000","-85.000000","Zak, Don","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "McMurdo Dry Valleys","","","","","","","","Antarctica","-80.661307","-145.458984","Wall, Diana","","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","http://www.mcmlter.org","1992","","","Antartica","Soils are poorly developed, coarse-textured, often","","","","","","","Other","Polar","","0-2%","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Meckenheim II","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","","","Scherer, H.W.","","","","","1958","","","Europe","Agrikulturchemisches Institut Universitaet Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 176, D-53115, Bonn, Germany The experiment consists of Cereals only with either inorganic fertilizers only (2 types) or inorganic fertilizers (2 types) plus straw incorporation, in a block design, replicated 4 times. archive - Details of soil sampling method: Sampled by auger (30cm x 3cm), 10 cores per plot (total plot area 7.0 x 3.0m; sampled area about 5 x 2.5m). Sampling is randomized. The ploughing depth (and sampling depth) was increased from 15 to 20cm in 1969 and from 20 to 30cm in 1986 (due to available technical equipment for soil tillage). solid - Soil properties * Depth of root limiting layer: 130cm * Approximate water holding capacity: 38.5 mm per 300 mm * Approximate cation exchange capacity: 120 mmol/kg * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 10 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.57 g/cm3 * Approximate ground water level: 800 cm * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 19% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 63 um): 75% * Percent sand (i.e. particles between 63 um and 2000 um): 5.8% * Approximate minimum soil pH: 6.7 * Method of determining soil pH: pH measured in H2O/CaCl2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total carbon: Every 2 to 5 years Method of measuring total carbon: Wet digestion with 2 N K2Cr2O7 according to Hoffmann 1991 (VDLUFA - Methodenbuch). Biomass carbon: Once in 1989 Method of measuring biomass carbon: SIR method according to Anderson and Domsch (1978) Soil Biol. Biochem. 10; 215-221. Total nitrogen: Every 2 to 5 years Method of measuring total nitrogen: Wet digestion (Kjeldahl) and Dry combustion (Dumas) using a Carlo ERBA Analyzer Total mineral nitrogen: Irregularly Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: Soil extraction with K2SO4 (10g K2SO4/l), filtration, NO3-N and NH4-N were measured using a continuous flow analyzer (Technicon Autoanalyzer) Biomass nitrogen: Once in 1995 Method of measuring biomass nitrogen: FE method according to Brookes et al. (1985), Soil. Biol. Biochem. 17: 837-842., total N in extracts measured using continuous flow analyzer (Technicon Analyzer) Nitrogen measurements in other organic matter fractions: Once in 1995 Method of measuring nitrogen in other organic matter fractions: Dissolved organic nitrogen: Extraction with 0.01 M CaCl2 solution according to Houba et al. (1986) Plant & Soil 96: 433-437. Other nutrients: Phosphate, Potassium vegetative - Vegetation measurements made and frequency Yield: Yearly Total above-ground dry matter: Yearly Total dry matter offtake: Yearly Nitrogen content of offtake: Yearly ","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","0-30cm = Ap; 30-52cm = E; 52-83cm = Bt1; 83-111 = Bt2; >111 = C","","","","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 3 m Length of smallest plot is 7 m Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel to long-axis of plot Width of Discard Strip around plot: 1m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. Block design Since 1988 Dixon-Test according to Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1989) Statistical Methods, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.","10-100","","Alfisol","Orthic luvisol (FAO) [derived from loess]","","","Yes","","Every 5 years","1958","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Methods of ecologically adaptive management of processes agrochemical influences on soil-plant system for increasing soil fertility of acidic soddy-podzolic soil, productivity and sustainability of agroecosystems in Kostroma Oblast","","Kostroma NIISKH","Kukolevskogo, 18","Minskoe","Kostroma","156543","","Russia","57.690570","41.058654","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1978","On-going","","Europe","It was arable land before 1978 year.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Field trial has factorial design (4*6)*3 and includes 6 doses of СаСО3: 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 of Hg and 4 doses of NPK : 0; N1Р1К1; N2Р2К2; N3Р3К3. N30Р45К45 - for grasses, N60Р45К45 for winter wheat, N45Р45К60 - for potato, N45Р30К45- for barley, N45Р45К45- for oats. Rotation: seeded fallow-winter wheat-potato-barley+clover-clover-barley-oats.","3000-10,000","1-2","Spodosol","Russian classification: soddy podzolic soil.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Annual","1978","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Mid-Term Tillage Experiments","","","","","","","","Mexico","19.000000","101.600000","","","","","http://www.chapingo.mx/terra/contenido/18/4/art349","1992","","","North America","SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 66 (2): 143-152 Sp. Iss. SI, JUL 2002 Four experimental sites testing corn-fallow at elevations from 330 to 2400 m, including Alfisols, Vertisols, and Andisols. ","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","Yes","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Andisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Missouri LTSP project","timber management soil productivity soil nutrients compaction ","Carr Creek State Forest","","Shannon County","","","","United States","","","","","Long-term Soil Productivity (LTSP)","","http://www.ncrs.fs.fed.us/ltsp/data/","","","","North America","","","","","","","shortleaf pine, northern red oak, white oak ","Forestry","","","","","","The Missouri LTSP Study is comprised of thirty plots. There are three plots per treatment, in addition to three control plots. Within the study, there are three levels of organic matter (OM) removal and three levels of soil compaction (C). In addition to these effects, each of the non-control plots are sub-divided by competition control. Competition on the north half of all plots is controlled using chemical herbicides. After the treatments were applied to the site, shortleaf pine, northern red oak, and white oak seedlings were planted on the treatment plots.","",">20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Models of high & sustained crop yield with standart quality parameters based on minimal energy resources & ecological balance of agroecosystems","","","","","Zakarpatskaya reg.,V.Bakta","","","Ukraine","49.012653","22.983398","","","","","","1965","On-going","","Europe","Before starting the experiment plot was used as arable land. Then crop rotation was introducted: winter crops with subordinate legume, legume, row crop, cereals-legume. The levelling seeding of vetch-oats as a green crop was applied immediately before starting experiment in 1962-1964. The experimental site situated in a the big depressional geological structure - Zakarpatskaya inner chorda. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. ","3000-10,000","","","podzolic brown soil These soils were formed on the modern alluvial deposits of the Tissa river.The soils are not contain carbonates, very rich in aluminium oxides & are characterized by base depletion. ","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Monitoring of fertility of ordinary carbonate chernozem at long-term irrigation and systematic fertilizers application in landscape specific agriculture of Kabardino-Balkaria","","Kabardini-Balkaria NIISKH","Mechnikova, 130A","","Nalchik","360022","","Russia","43.468867","43.678894","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1948","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","Rotation:medick 1-st year-medick 2-d year-winter wheat-corn-corn- sunflower-winter wheat-corn-corn-winter wheat. Treatments: 1. Without irrigation 2. Irrigation 3. Mineral fertilizer 4. Organic-mineral fertilizer 5. Without fertilizer.","3000-10,000","10-20","","Russian classification: chernozem.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Annual","1948","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Monitoring the long-term effects of management practices on site productivity in South African forestry","","","","","","","","South Africa","","","","","","","","","","","Africa"," Forestry sciences. 20 (1986): p. 137-144 C.J. SCHUTZ 120: 3-6 ","","","","","","","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Monocultures in Central Chile","","","","","","","","Chile","","","","","","","http://www.inia.cl/platina/","1963","","","South America","cited in Steiner and Herdt (1993) and Hartemink (2003)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Morrow Plots","","","","","","","","United States","40.100000","-88.216667","","","","","","1876","","","North America","solid - Hg has been measured on plots (Jones & Hinesly, 1972 - see reference list). Aggregation measured on selected subplots (Darmody & Norton, 1994; Stauffer et al., 1940 - see reference list).","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Mollisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Mosomnagyarovar - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","47.883333","17.266667","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Entisol","Calcifluvent (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Mt Murchison Fallow Management Trial","","","","","","","","Australia","-24.316667","150.533333","Cowie, Bruce","","","","","1976","Terminated","1992","Australia","Via Biloela, Queensland, 4715, Australia Site and plots not recoverable ","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Ustic","No","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","Replicated randomised plots. 3 tillage treatments (Zero, reduced and disc) x 2 stubble treatments (retained and removed) x 4 replications. In 1986 all plots were split for +/- fertiliser application.","10-100","","Vertisol","","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Annual","1976","1992","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No" "Muencheberg Long Term Fertilizer Experiment V140/00","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","52.516667","14.116667","Rogasik, Jutta","","","","","1963","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Alfisol","Taxonomic class: Alfisol. Suborder: Udalf. Great group: Agrudalf. By FAO-Unesco soil map: Podzoluvisol. Common description: Sandy soil with low groundwater table in the Central European Young Moraine District.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Multiple-factor stationary field trial on studing of resource saving technologies of soil tillage in cropping systems of Siberia","","Siberian NII of crop farming and chemicalization of agriculture","","Krasnoobsk","Novosibirsk","630500","","Russia","54.935032","82.952270","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1981","On-going","","Asia","","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Studied factors: 1. fertilizers+ herbicides 2. fertilizers+herbicides+fungicides 3. herbicides. Number of replicates - 4. Rotation: winter rye-wheat-winter wheat.","","","","Russian clasification: leached chernozem.","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Annual","1981","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "N Mineralization, N20 production, microbes and sewage sludge","","","","","","","","Japan","","","","Nitrogen mineralization, N 2O production and soil microbiological properties as affected by long-term applications of sewage sludge","","","","1978","","","Asia","M. Zaman, M. Matsushima, S.X. Chang, K. Inubushi, L. Nguyen, S. Goto, F. Kaneko, T. Yoneyama, Nitrogen mineralization, N 2O production and soil microbiological properties as affected by long-term applications of sewage sludge composts, Biology and Fertility of Soils, Volume 40, Issue 2, Jul 2004, Pages 101 - 109, DOI 10.1007/s00374-004-0746-2, URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-004-0746-2","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Udic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Andisol","Typic Melanudand","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "N2 fixation in paddy soils","","","","","","","","Japan","39.483333","140.500000","","Seasonal Changes in N2 Fixation Activity and N Enrichment in Paddy Soils as Affected by Soil Management in the Northern Area of","","","http://ss.jircas.affrc.go.jp/english/publication/jarq/37-2/37-2-06.html","1972","","","Asia","National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region in Omagari, Akita, Japan Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, April 2003, Vol 37, 105-111 OLJ, apparently off-line, May 2006 DDR","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Entisol","Fluvaquent","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Nagyhorcsok - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","46.900000","18.516667","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Mollisol","Hapludoll (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Nahrstoffmangelversuch","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","49.416667","8.400000","Pasda, Gregor","","","","","1938","","","Europe","Land use: 6-year rotation (1.winter rye/phacelia, 2.sugar beet, 3.winter rye/winter oilseed rape, 4.grain maize, 5.winter rye/oil radish, 6.potatoes.) Treatments: Inorganic fertilizers(nil,NP,NK,PK,N,NPK); organic manures(FYM,slurry??). BASF Aktiengeselschaft, Agricultural Research Station, P.O. Box 120, 67114 Limburgerhof, Germany. archive - Details of soil sampling method: 1 core/sq m; 0-30 cm depth; diagonal distribution in each plot; tool:auger. Total carbon: Every 2-3 years * Method of measuring total carbon: After: Springer & Klee (1954). * Total nitrogen: Every 2-3 years. * Method of measuring total nitrogen: See Hoffmann,G (ed) (1991). * Soil bulk density or weight: Occasionally * Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: An open cylinder is pressed into the undisturbed soil. * Other nutrients: P2O5,K2O,MgO. See Hoffmann, G (ed) (1991) solid - Soil properties * Depth of root limiting layer: 100cm * Approximate water holding capacity: 12 mm per 100 mm * Approximate cation exchange capacity: 60 mmol/kg * Approximate soil organic matter content: .9% * Approximate carbon content: .5% * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 11 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.5 g/cm3 * Approximate ground water level: 400 cm * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 5% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 63 um): 20% * Percent sand (i.e. particles greater than 60 um): 75% * Approximate soil pH: 6.2 * Approximate minimum soil pH: 6.2 * Approximate maximum soil pH: 6.2 * Method of determining soil pH: 0.02n CaCl2. Vegetative - Vegetation measurements made and frequency * Yield: Each year * Total dry matter offtake: Each year * Nitrogen content of offtake: Each year * Each year: P2O5,K2O,MgO. ","400-800","","","","","1.winter rye/phacelia, 2.sugar beet, 3.winter rye/winter oilseed rape, 4.grain maize, 5.winter rye/oil radish, 6.potatoes.","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 10 m Length of smallest plot is 4.2 m Slope: 0 Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel Width of Discard Strip around plot: Varies with crop. Details of homogeneity of the plots: More or less homogeneous. b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 3 replicates in the experiment. There are control plots described as follows: * Nil plots Results analysed using SAS. ","","","Alfisol","Loamy sand","","","","","Every 5 years","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Nahrstoffverhaltnisversuch","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","49.416667","8.400000","Pasda, Gregor","","","","","1957","","","Europe","Land use: crop rotation - sugar beet,spring wheat,(spring rape),grain maize,potatoes, winter wheat, winter barley, (phacelia); () indicates catch crop. Treatments: 4 N levels, 4 P levels, 4 K levels, appropriate to each crop, 16 combinations. Cereal and beet residues removed, maize residues and catch crops incorporated. BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Agricultural Research Station, PO Box 120, 67114 Limburgerhof, Germany. solid - Soil sampling * Details of soil sampling method: No. of cores: 1 core/sq m. Depth: 30 cm; Distribution: diagonal in each plot. Tool:auger. c) Soil measurements made and frequency * Total carbon: Every 3-4 years * Method of measuring total carbon: After Springer, U & Klee, J (1954). * Total nitrogen: Every 3-4 years * Method of measuring total nitrogen: See: Hoffmann, G (ed) (1991) * Total mineral nitrogen: Each spring * Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: as above * Nitrate nitrogen: Each spring * Method of measuring nitrate nitrogen: as above * Ammonium nitrogen: Each spring * Method of measuring ammonium nitrogen: as above * Soil bulk density or weight: Occasionally * Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Core method: an open cylinder is pressed into the undisturbed soil. * Other nutrients: P2O5,K2O,MgO: see Hoffmann, G (ed) (1991). vegetative - Yield: Each year * Total dry matter offtake: Each year * Nitrogen content of offtake: Each year * Each year: P2O5,K2O,MgO.","400-800","","","","","sugar beet,spring wheat,(spring rape),grain maize,potatoes, winter wheat, winter barley, (phacelia); () indicates catch crop.","Arable","Cool Temperate","Ah 0-50 cm; B 50-80 cm; C ??","0-2%","","Dried humid biotop","Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 9 m Length of smallest plot is 42 m Slope: 0 . Shape: - Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel Details of homogeneity of the plots: More or less homogeneous b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 6 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a randomized plot design. There are control plots described as follows: * Nil plots could be considered controls. Analysed using SAS. ","100-1000","","","Pseudogley; humus, loamy clay.","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "New experimental field","","","village Tsentralnoe, Mironovsky District, Kiev Region","","","","","Ukraine","49.138596","30.838623","","","","","","1929","On-going","","Europe","Flat territory of right bank of Dnepre river, Ukraine forest steppe. Natural ecosystem included grass, meadow & forest plant associations before using for plowing.. Fertilizers were not applied before the experiment foundation in 1929 with crop rotations which include treatments with fertilizers (reduced Will's plot layout) with addition plots FYM & FYM+NPK plots.The same treatments were studied for continious winter wheat, sugar beet, corn, potatoes. Since foundation there were no chsnge of land-use , but rates were increased after 1972.","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","The site is flat. Parent material is calcareous loess of plateau and slope territory. Groundwater level - about 50-60 m ","10-year crop rotation on 5 fields: black fallow - winter wheat - sugar beet - corn - oats - winter wheat - sugar beet - silage corn - winter wheat - barley. Separate fields for continuous crops: wheat, sugar beet, corn, potatoes. Treatments include NPK, 2 levels NPK, NP, PK,NK, P application on natural background and NPK on manure background. Separate treatments - FYM application and nil inputs. ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification Typical slightly leached chernozem with low humus content, silt loam, coarse silty on loess deposits. Profile description A (0-36cm) - dark grey, silty loam, granular-cloddy structure (weak cloddy in arable layer ) , loose, densely pierced by roots, gradual transition; B (36-86cm)- brownish dark grey, silty loam, cloddy-granular structure with subangular tendency , slightly compact, effervescence line 52cm, with crotovinas, mottled in the lower part, in great extent reworked by animals,gradual transition; BCk (86-116 cm) - brown grey, sandy loam, subangular structure, abundant crotovinas with upper horizon's material, carbonate neoformations as firm nodules and pseudomycelium , gradual transition; Ck (116-160 cm) - brown, sandy loam, compact, calcareous loess, contains partly decomposed roots. Impermeable layer depth 50-60 m ","Yes","","","","Every 5 years","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "New Permanent Manurial Trial","","","","","","","","India","11.000000","77.000000","Perumal, Rani","","","","","1925","","","Asia","solid - Soil microbial population at few instances.","","","","","","","","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","","Clay loam Palathurai Series (USDA).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Nippon Foundation CIAT project","","","","","","","","Thailand","","","","","","","http://www.ciat.cgiar.org/asia_cassava/project_description.htm","1994","","","Asia","","","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Multiple","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Nitrogen Fertilizer Trials In Nigeria","","","","","","","","Nigeria","7.133333","5.000000","Olu Obi, A.","","","","http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/faoinfo/Agricult/agl/agll/globdir/Africa/Nigeria.htm","1971","","","Africa","solid - Exchange acidity and exchangeable aluminium were determined from both surface and subsoil samples. Samples were separated into layers to a depth of 120cm. Available P and exchangeable K were determined. vegetative - Yield: Yearly or 2 times per year Total above-ground dry matter: Yearly or 2 times per year. Also root length at 2 weeks and height of crop at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting - for each crop.","","","","Udic","","Maize, Cassava, Yam (Discorea rotundata), guinea grass.","Arable","Tropical","Previously secondary forest. Now experimental plots.","0-2%","","","Randomized complete Block Design consisting of 13 treatments with five replications. Plot size is 18.3 by 5.3 m; Net plot size is 4 x 2 m. Slope on the experimental site is 0.5 - 2%. Treatment variables include application of different rates and sources of nitrogen fertilizers, and a check plot per replicates.","10-100","","Ultisol","Oxic Tropudalf, sandy loam (FAO:Haplic Lixisols )","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1971","1991","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","" "Niwot Ridge Long Term Ecological Research Site","","Niwot Ridge","","","","","","United States","40.050000","-105.583333","","","","","Niwot Ridge LTER","1980","On-going","","North America","Niwot was established as an LTER in 1980, but climate data has been collected continuously there since 1952 (the longest atmospheric CO2 dataset in North America). Routine monitoring/measurements include (but are not limited to): Meteorological/Climatological (air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar radiation) Hydrological (stream discharge, snowpack ablation, snow water equivalent, soil moisture) Biogeochemical (atmospheric deposition, snowpack chemistry, surface water quality) Biological and biogeochemical studies over the years have examined microbial processes, plant phenology & community composition and microarthropods (http://www.lternet.edu/sites/nwt/fulltopics.php?site=NWT) ","800-1200","Cryic/Frigid: <8C","No","Udic","Yes","Kobresia myosuroides","Other","Cool Temperate Boreal","Niwot Ridge is located in the Colorado Rockies. Within the site, there is a cirque glacier (Arikaree Glacier), extensive alpine tundra, a variety of glacial landforms, glacial lakes and moraines, cirques and talus slopes, patterned ground, and permafrost. The entire site is located above 3000 m.","",">2500","","","","","Inceptisol","","Yes","","Yes","","Every 5 years","1990","1999","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes" "Nutrient Deficiency Experiment (DIV, Thyrow).","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","52.466667","13.300000","","","","","","1937","","","Europe","archive - Details of soil sampling method: Soil auger; 20 samples/plot (combined), every plot; depth 0-30 cm; years 1957,65,66,67,68,73,76,77,80,83,88,91,92,93. solid - Total carbon: Annual since 1965. Method of measuring total carbon: Wet combustion with K2Cr2O7. Total nitrogen: 1988 only Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl Soil bulk density or weight: 1991 only Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Gravimetric (100 cu cm steel cylinders). Other nutrients: 1988: P,K,Mg,pH. 1991: P,K,Co,Mg,Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Hg,Zn,Na (0-25,25-50,50-75,75-100 cm) samples taken in 1957 and 1990. Atmospheric inputs: N in rainfall since 1982.","","","","","Yes","maize,spring barley,potatoes,spring barley","Arable","Cool Temperate","Land use: 1937-1958 2 year rotation potatoes,spring barley; since 1959 4 year rotation maize,spring barley,potatoes,spring barley. Treatments: nil,stable manure,NPKCa+stable manure,NPKCa,NPK,NPCa,NKCa,PKCa.","0-2%","","Predominantly arable","","","","Spodosol","Leptic Podzol (FAO)","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1957","1993","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Nuuk Basic (NERO)","Low-arctic Greenland ecosystem monitoring ","Kobbefjorden, Nuuk","","","","","","Greenland","64.125000","-51.383000","Tamstorf, Mikkel P.","","","","Nuuk Basis","2007","On-going","","North America","This ecosystem monitoring has started up in 2007. Therefore only preliminary assessment of mean annual values are available. These will be regulated as the monitoring programme develops.","400-800","Cryic/Frigid: <8C","No","Aquic","No","Empetrum nigrum, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix glauca, Betula nana, Loiseleuria procumbens","Other","Polar","The ecosystem monitoring area is defined as the 32 km2 drainage basin at the end of the Kobbe-fiord. Steep mountains up to 1400 m.a.s. surround the lower valley that are below 100 m.a.s. The lower valley where the soil monitoring sites are located is hilly with two lakes located in the center of the basin.","5-10%","0-200","Gneiss","The fundamental chemical composition of precipitation and soilwater are measured. By these analyses plant nutrient status and ongoing soil forming processes are reflected. Also physical dynamics are monitored by continous measurements of variables like soil water content and soil temperature.","<10","3-10","Gelisol","","Yes","No","No","Yes","Annual","2007","","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","No" "NZ FACE Experiment","warming pasture grazing FACE elevated CO2 ","Flock House","","","Bulls","","","New Zealand","-40.243764","175.251331","Newton, Paul","","","","","1997","On-going","","Australia","CO2 enrichment commenced October 1997 and has been continuous since that time. Warming added 2009.","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","Yes","","No","25+ species C3 grasses Lolium perenne; Agrostis capillaris; Anthoxanthum odoratum; C4 grasses Paspalum dilatatum; Cynodon dactylon; Legumes Trifolium repens and subterraneum; Forbs Hypochaeris radicata; Leontodon autumnalis","Grazed","Cool Temperate","Sand plain","0-2%","0-200","","Experimental areas are 12 m diameter; 3 rings enriched with CO2 during the photoperiod to 475 ppm and 3 ambient. Rings grazed by adult sheep which are penned inside the rings during grazing to ensure that nutrients are re-cycled within the grazed areas. Passive warming (3m x 3m areas) was installed in January 2009 within the existing rings; there is a warmed and unwarmed treatment within each CO2 treatment.","10-100","3-10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Old Permanent Manurial Trial","","","","","","","","India","11.000000","77.000000","Perumal, Rani","","","","","1909","","","Asia","biota - Soil microbial population for a few instances.","","","","","","","","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","","Clay loam - Palathurai Series (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Old Rotation, Cotton Alabama USA","","","","","","","","United States","32.600000","-85.600000","Mitchell, Charles","","","","http://www.ag.auburn.edu/agrn/cotton.htm","1896","On-going","","North America","oldest continuous cotton experiment in the world archive - Impossible to determine trends due to sampling irregularity and a lack of records prior to the ‘50s. Since, soil samples have been taken roughly every 2 years. Vegetative sampling is the focus of the project, and is done with the annual harvest. Cotton and corn data is thorough, with few absences of data, but the data on the others is less consistent - cotton - corn - small grain: wheat and rye - soy beans - winter legumes: crimson clover, vetch, hairy vetch, crimson solid - Impossible to determine normal soil characters, as they are supplemented with minerals to meet fertility and growth demands of each crop. Phosphorous, potassium, calcium, and especially nitrogen have been added to plots to this end. Originally, soil was low in P and K, and application to winter legumes increased N, P, and K production. Phosphorous is at high levels, but highly variable Potassium is at medium levels; deficient in the first 50 years Lime is added to soils to maintain pH levels between 5.8 and 6.5. pH (w/cotton): 4.7 – 7.4, since 1950 pH (w/o cotton): 4.9 – 6.4, since 1950 Plow layer N and C levels vary with crop plantings and treatment: N range: .10 - .14%; .02 - .06% since conservation tillage C range: .39 – 1.01%; .50 – 1.27% since conservation tillage N-fertilized plots began in 1956 Soil Organic Matter varies with each plot, with an average range of 0.7 – 2.4%; no SOM records prior to 1988, but has increased an average 39% since conservation tillage was implemented (42 months) Bulk Density range = 1.62 – 1.73 g/cm^3 Soil Water range = 7.47 – 11.67% Soil water capacity range = .33 - .57 in/min, with outliers of .04 and 1.22in/min gas - Soil respiration range = 22 – 60 lbs. C/A/day vegetative - Harvest masses (all dependent upon plot treatment): Cotton: 340 – 2640 lbs/acre Corn: 9 – 107 bushels/acre Winter Legumes: 520 – 3960 lbs. dry matter/acre Soy Beans: 34 – 38 bushels/acre Small Grain: 16 – 59 bushels/acre Masses have increased to record yields with the introduction of GMOs and conservation tillage ","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","2-5%","","sandy loams; the upper part of the site (plot 1) is more characteristic of the Marvyn soil (Coastal Plain) and the lower part (plot 13) is more characteristic of the Pacolet (Piedmont). ","“(1) determine the effect of rotating cotton with other crops to improve yields and (2) determine the effect of winter legumes in cotton production systems.” “The Old Rotation consists of 13 plots, each 21.5 feet by 136.1 feet. A three-foot alley separates each of the plots (Figure 2). Plots are identified by numbers. Plots in rotations are essentially replicates as far as soil treatments are concerned.” No replication – not a scientific priority when originally designed. “…rotation treatments are often summarized as follows: I. Cotton every year A. No legume/no N fertilizer (plots 1 and 6) B.Winter legumes (plots 2,3, and 8) C. 120 pounds fertilizer N per acre per year (plot 13) II.Two-year;cotton-corn rotation A. Winter legumes (plots 4 and 7) B.Winter legumes plus 120 pounds N per acre per year (plots 5 and 9) III. Three-year rotation (1) Cotton-winter legumes, (2) corn-small grain for grain (60 pounds N per acre), (3) soybean (plots 10, 11 ,and 12) Corn and cotton are planted in 91 cm rows with 6 rows per plot. Middle two rows still cultivated by hand. Table of plots’ crop since beginning of experiment available. Conservation tillage since 1997: minimal disturbance, GMO crops, near elimination of pesticide use, and decreased herbicide use. Use RoundupReady GMO corn and soy. Irrigation installed in 2002. ","","","Ultisol","Typic Hapludult","","","","","Never","1950","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","","","","" "Olustee Fire Plots","Spodosols Longleaf pine fire black carbon ","Osceola National Forest","US Highway 90","Florida Highway 250A","Olustee","","","United States","30.237713","-82.410078","","","","","","1958","On-going","","South America","","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Aquic","No","Pinus palustris","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","Coastal Plain. ","0-2%","0-200","Unconsolidated marine sediments","Randomized complete block design. Blocking factor is a slight moisture gradient. 6 replicated blocks. Fire return interval is manipulated. Plots are burned on 1 year, 2 year, 4 year, and no fire return intervals.","3000-10,000","3-10","Spodosol","","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","","2003","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No" "OM and rice profitability","","","","","","","","","","","","Do organic amendments improve yield trends and profitability in intensive rice systems?","","","","","","","Asia","Field Crops Research journal, Aug 2003, Vol 83, 191-213 Great example of a cross site study rather than specific LTSE ","","","","","","","Arable","","","","","","","","","","Multiple LTSEs - See literature link for Table listing in pdf.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Optimization of organic & mineral fertilizers rates in flax rotation based on long-term fertilization influence on agrochemical soil properties","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","All-Russian Flax Research Institute (VNIIL)","Lunacharskogo street, 35,","","Torzhok","172003","","Russia","57.078440","34.954376","","","","","","1948","On-going","","Europe","Previous names: Effect of main fertilizers types and its combinations on crop rotation productivity and soil properties, 1948-1960; Effect of manure in combination with mineral fertilizers on the conditions of soil plant nutrition, 1960-1988 ","400-800","","No","Udic","No","","Arable","Cool Temperate","The district belongs to the central part of Tver Region, zone of sandy-coarse loam soddy-podzolic soils of the Torzhok Ridge. The plot is situated on a slight slope towards North - East, with slightly pronounced micro-relief . ","0-2%","0-200","","Total plot size (m x m): . 150 x 60, each plot - 15 x 6 m Width of Discard Strip 1-1.25 m Slope (%): . slight NE slope Slope shape: . uniform Direction of cultivation: . parallel to long axis of the plot Width of the upper unfertilized strip surrounding the plot: .9m Width of the lower unfertilized strip surrounding the plot: . 11.5m Plot design in 1948 Plots: 1-21 -- 1 replicate 22-42 -- 2 replicate 42-63 -- 3 replicate 63-84 -- 4 replicate Black fallow--winter rye + grass--grass - clover+timothy(first year) --grass (second year)-flax--potatoes--spring wheat--oats Treatments for all fields various combinations of nil inputs, inorganic fertilizers only in different ratios,farmyard manure, FYM + inorganic fertilizers, lime + mineral fertilizers Main treatments without change since foundation time : Control FYM 2 FYM 1 FYM + NPK in 1 FYM eq. NPK in 1 FYM eq. Treatment 1 --- during 1-5 rotations - without fertilization Treatment 2 --- during 1 rotation - N 2-3 rotation - FYM 20t/ha per the rotation 4-5 rotation - without fertilization Treatment 3 --- 1 rotation - P 2-3 rotation -FYM 40t/ha 4-5 rotation - without fertilization Treatment 4 --- 1 rotation - K 2-3 rotation -- FYM 40t/ha + NPK 4-5 rotation -- without fertilization Treatment 16 --- 1 rotation - PK application after winter rye harvesting 2-3 rotation -- FYM 40t/ha + NPK 4-5 rotation - without fertilization Treatment 17 --- 1 rotation - PK application at grass of the first year + N with flax+ fermented manure (FM) and NPK at wheat 2-3 rotations -- FM + CaCO3 + NPK 4-5 rotations -- FYM 80t/ha + 2NPK Treatment 18 --- 1 rotation - PK application at grass + N at flax 2-3 rotations -- NPK 4-5 rotations -- 2NPK Treatment 19 --- 1 rotation - PK application at grass of the second year + N at flax 2-3 rotations -- FM + NPK 4-5 rotations -- FYM 80t/ha + NPK Treatment 20 --- 1 rotation -NPK application at flax 2-3 rotation -- FYM 40t/ha + CaCO3 + NPK 4-5 rotations -- FYM 80t/ha + 2NPK ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification- sandy-coarse loam soddy-podzolic on calcareous till sediments. FAO: Soddy-medium podzolic sandy-coarse loam soil on moraine loam. podsoluvisols ","Yes","No","Yes","No","","1956","1989","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","","Yes","No","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Organic and mineral fertilizers combinations and their application in crop rotation with green manure on sandy soils","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Novozybkovsky experimental station Long-term field experiment","Novozybkov Experimental Station,VIUA branch","","Bryansk region, Novozybkov, P.O. 10.","243000","","Russia","53.304621","34.310302","","","","","","1954","On-going","","Europe","It was low-quality non-agricultural bushland before 1916. Under cereal – row crop rotation since 1916 to 195 ","400-800","","","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Crop rotation: lupine for green manure – winter rye – potatoes – millet – seradella – winter rye – lupine for grain – buckwheat ( barley in 5 and 6 rotations) Treatments include nil input and 7 various combinations of inorganic fertilizers application in different ratios on the background of peat-manure compost (PMC), lupine and seradella green manure and carbonate amendments (calcium carbonate, dolomite meal) application. PMC was split applied annually in rate 5 t/ha or 2-3 times per rotation at rates 20-40 t/ha. It was changed on FYM in 5 and 6th rotations. Mineral fertilizers were applied as NPK at winter rye and potatoes (excluding one treatment in latter case with N or NP application at the beginning) and as PK,NK or K at other crops. Mineral fertilizers rates were increased thrice during the experimental period. ","100-1000","","","Soil type description – loose sandy soddy slightly podzolic soil on ancient alluvium FAO: ferric podzols ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","1996","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Organic and mineral fertilizers I, N and C balances RAC. P24","","","","","","","","Switzerland (Confoederatio Helvetica)","","","Neyroud, Jean-Auguste","","","","","1975","","","Europe","Before the experiment began the soil had been cultivated for at least 20 years according to standard agricultural recommendations, including crop rotation, tillage, fertilization and plant protection. The experiment consists of the following land uses and treatments: Various previous treatments; since 1994 as follows: 1994 maize, 1995 winter-wheat, 1996 spring-barley, 1997 rapeseed, 1998 spring-oats, 1999 winter-wheat. For each crop there will be the following treatments in various combinations: control with no organic ammendment except for maize and rape straw, systematic straw incorporation, green manure every second years, soild farmyard manure (35t/ha) every third year, liquid farmyard manure every year. Each main treatment outlined here is subdivided into 4 sub-treatments of mineral N-fertilizer as follows: zero, reduced, standard and increased with respect to recommendation: split plot design with 4 replicates. a) Soil description Brown calcereous, slightly hydromorphic soil Ap - 0-30cm, B - 30-85cm, Bca - 100-115cm, C - >115cm. pH range 7.4 in Ap to 8.5 in C. Organic matter range: 2.1% in Ap to 0.4% in Bca. b) Soil properties Depth of root limiting layer: 100cm Approximate water holding capacity: 60 mm per 1000 mm Approximate soil organic matter content: 2.1% Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 7 Approximate soil bulk density: 1.29 g/cm3 Approximate ground water level: 70 cm Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 20% Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 50 um): 44% Percent sand (i.e. particles between 50 um and 2000 um): 36% Approximate minimum soil pH: 7.4 Method of determining soil pH: pH measured in water archive - Time zero soil measurements taken. One topsoil (5-25cm) and one subsoil (40-50) samples for the whole plot at the beginning of the trial. Analysis of texture, organic matter content, CaCO3, pH (in water), availablbe P and K (Dirks-Scheffer). Details of soil sampling method: Hand auger, 8-12 cores per microplot (Eijkelkamp 0.1-12), For mineral N: Hydraulically operated sampler 0-90cm, separated into three 30 cm fractions, 4 cores per microplot. Soil is separated into layers Details of measuring depths and soil layers: Standard routine analysis at end of 6 years rotation, soil (5-25cm) and subsoil samples (40-50cm). Samples for mineral N analysis: - 0-30, 30-60, 60-90 cm twice per year, extra 0-30cm samples frequently during the year. Further infrequent samples of 0-30cm since 1985 for mobilizable N analysis. solid - Total carbon: Every six years Method of measuring total carbon: Wet compustion K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 Total nitrogen: Infrequently Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl Total mineral nitrogen: Several samples per year Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: 0.01 M CaCl2 extaction (2 hours), N-NH4+, N-NO3- and N-No2- on segmented flow colorimetric analyzer (SKALAR - methods) Nitrogen measurements in other organic matter fractions: Once each year Method of measuring nitrogen in other organic matter fractions: Hot water extraction (2 hours), total N by Dumas combustion and ""mobilizable N and C"" by UV/persulphate oxydation on SKALAR. Soil bulk density or weight: Not often Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: 4-6 undisturbed 100 cm3 cores per microplot, oven-dried, weighed. Other nutrients: Available P, K, and Mg Atmospheric inputs: One seasonal assay in 1993 of N gas fluxes over the soil Other measurements: Soil physical characteristics: porosity, water availability, saturated water permeability, structural stability gas - Atmospheric inputs: One seasonal assay in 1993 of N gas fluxes over the soil vegetative - Yield: Yearly Total above-ground dry matter: Yearly Carbon content of offtake: Periodically Nitrogen content of offtake: Periodically Yearly since 1994","800-1200","","","","","Various previous treatments; since 1994 as follows: 1994 maize, 1995 winter-wheat, 1996 spring-barley, 1997 rapeseed, 1998 spring-oats, 1999 winter-wheat.","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","","Brown calcereous, slightly hydromorphic soil","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Organic and Mineral Fertilizers II, N and C balances, RAC. P11","","","","","","","","Switzerland (Confoederatio Helvetica)","","","Neyroud, Jean-Auguste","","","","","1963","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","","Brown calcereous sandy soil","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Palace Leas Meadow Hay Plots","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","55.216667","-1.683333","Shiel, RS","","","","","1896","","","Europe","solid - Many measurements have been made over the last century - see Hopkins et al. (1988) for a review [in reference list].","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","2-5%","","","","","","Alfisol","Pielo-Stagnogley (Typic Ochragnalf) of the Hullsworth Series","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Pantnagar Centre, Uttar Pradesh (All India Coordinated Research Project on Long-Term Fertilizer Experiments)","","","","","","","","India","","","Swarup, Anand","","","","","1971","","","Asia","solid - Some measurements of soil enzymes have been made.","","","","","","","","Tropical","","","","","","","","Mollisol","Beni silty clay loam series of fine loamy mixed hyperthermic family of Aquic Hapludoll (USDA)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Park Grass","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","51.816667","-0.350000","","","","","http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/Research/ParkGrass.html","1856","On-going","","Europe","archive - Some botanical separations of the grasses, legumes and herbs have been made at various times. Some, but not all of these separated samples have been archived. solid - pH. Heavy metals on selected treatments (in crop & soil).","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","""Permanent grassland; Ist cut made into hay, 2nd cut carted green since 1870's, previously grazed.""","","","","Alfisol","Silty clay loam over Clay-with-flints. Stagnogleyic paleoargillic brown earth, Batcombe Series (intergrading to Hook) (SSEW 1980,1984). Aquic Paleudalf (USDA, Soil Survey Staff 1992). Chromic Luvisol (or Alisol) (FAO 1990).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Pellston Nitrogen Addition Study","","","","","Pellston","","Michigan","United States","45.550842","-84.783210","Zak, Don","The effects of long term nitrogen deposition on extracellular enzyme activity in an Acer saccharum forest soil","","","","","","","North America","Sinsabaugh refered to the Manistee forest as a ""long-term site"" in his 2004 SB&B pub. So I asked DRZ about it ~ they have been fertilizing with 30 & 80 kg N/ha/y for 10 years & sampling. He did his dissy on this site, so there are data back into the 80's. More relevant perhaps is that they have a soil archive. Kirsten Hofmockel","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Spodosol","","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Pendleton Residue Management","","","","","","","","United States","45.066667","-118.616667","","","","","","1931","","","North America","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","2-5%","","","","","","Mollisol","USDA Coarse silty mixed mesic Typic Haploxeroll (Walla Walla silt loam).","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Permanent fertilization experiment at Bahtim, Egypt","","","","","","","","Egypt","31.000000","30.000000","El-Zanaty, Mohamed Raghib","","","","","1912","","","Africa","solid - Details in Megallah, S.S., Heggy, S.E. & Abd-Allah, E.M. (1989) Minufiya J. Agric. Res. 12(2), and Heggy, S.E., Megallah, S.S. & Abd-El Maksoud (1981) Agric. Ann. Review.","","","","","","Cotton","","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Entisol","Order: Entisols; Suborder: fluvents, Great group: torriflavents, Sub group: vertic torrifluvents, Family: clayey, Climate type: semi-arid","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "permanent manurial experiment in Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, India","","","","","","","","India","9.200000","77.883333","","","","","http://www.tnau.ac.in/kovil.html","","","","Asia","arskovilpatty@tnau.ac.in Contact Address Dr. K. Subbiah, Ph.D., Professor and Head Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kovilpatti 628 501 Tuticorin dt. ","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","0-2%","0-200","","","","","Vertisol","Typic Chromustert","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Permanent Manurial Experiment under rice monoculture, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India","","","","","","","","India","","","","Effect of manure- fertilizer schedules on nitrogen balance under rice monoculture in a permanent manurial experimentEffect of manure-fertilizer schedules on phosphorus balance under rice-monoculture in a permanent manurial experimentEffect of manure-fertilizer schedules on potassium indices in a permanent manurial experiment under rice monocultureEffect of manure-fertilizer schedules on potassium supplying power of soil under rice monoculture in and long-term experimentEffect of manure-fertilizer schedules on quantity intensity parameters of soil under rice monoculture in a permanent manurial experimentEffect of manure-fertilizer schedules on soil properties and different forms of potassium in a permanent manurial experimentEffects of Manure- fertilizer schedules on properties and fertility status of soil and response of rice to NPK under rice monoculturePotassium balance and uptake under continuous cropping of rice in an AlfisolSustenance of soil fertility status of an Alfisol under fifteen years of continuous fertilization and cropping of rice","","","http://www.tnau.ac.in/agrimdu.html","1975","","","Asia","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Split plot design Four main plot treatments (no manure control, FYM, green manure and urban compost) Eight subplot treatments (Control, N alone, P alone, K alone, N+P, N+K, P+K, & N+P+K) Two replications Organic manures are applied @ 12.5 t ha-1 N, P, and K were applied @ 120 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 60 kg K2O ha-1","","","","","","","","","Annual","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Physical and chemical properties of an entic haplustoll under different crop sequences in the semi-arid Pampean region","","","","","","","","Argentina","-37.866667","-63.016667","Rosell, Ramon","","","","","1975","","","South America","solid - Plant nutient balance by the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS). Ref: Rosell R A, M R Landriscini and J A Galantini 1992. N, P and K balances in winter wheat in the Pampean semi arid region of Argentina. Suelo y Planta (Spain), 2, 363-371.","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Mollisol","Darregueira entic haplustoll. Dark meduim depth soil. Texture - fine sandy loam. Good drainage and low (2-3%) soil organic matter content. Horizon sequence: A-AC-C-2C-3.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Praha - Ruzyne","","","","","","","","Czech Republic","50.083333","14.333333","Klir, Jan","","","","","1956","","","Europe","vegetative - Plant analysis: total N, P, K, Ca, Mg","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Alfisol","Medudalf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Principles of fertilizers efficiency and agrochemical parameters dynamics following intensive chemicalization system","","","Tchaikovskogo ul., 4","","Kharkov-24","310024","","Ukraine","49.965355","36.298828","","","","","","1969","On-going","","Europe","Forest steppe province of Kharkov-Zmievsky soil region ( left river bank). Old fallow.","400-800","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Loess terrace of Uda river with gentle slope which has a north aspect (river slope) and south aspect (floodplain depression slope) . ","0-2%","0-200","","Crop rotation: green peas-oats - winter wheat - sugar beet - barley - silage corn - winter wheat. Treatments include inorganic fertilization as one or two NPK rates on different backgrounds: low, medium and high nutrient levels which were created by mineral and organic fertilization. Single rates of NPK were 60 kg/ha for winter wheat and 90 kg/ha for sugar beet and corn. Trial plots were splitted during 4th rotation with cessation of fertilization on one half of each plot. ","","","","Russian classification Typical chernozem, leached, medium humus rich, clay loam on loess deposits (humus horizon lower boundary- 85cm, carbonate effervescence line - 60cm) FAO classification: haplic chernozem Description of soil horizons (attached) Profile description Loess terrace of river Uda, plateau area with very gentle slope with north and south aspect. Soil pit is situated on a flat hillock between 2 slopes aspects. H (0-35) - grey, densely pierced by roots, compact,clay loam, in upper part granular-cloddy and below 14 cm platy structure,ped faces with bleached silt grains, gradual transition Hp (35-60) - upper transitional, grey, homogenious dark colour, cloddy, clay loam,compact, single crotovinas Hpk (60-85) - lower transitional, brownish grey,calcareous veins and dots,loose, abundant crotovinas,horizon in a great extent reworked by animals, clay loam, weak cloddy structure Pk(h) (85-120) - loess loam, brown, abundant crotovinas, in a great extent reworked by animals, apedal, loose Soil: typical chernozem, leached, clay loam, on loess deposits. Effervescence line - 60 cm Rooting depth - 100-120cm Impermeable layer -14m ","Yes","","","","","1996","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Puch Long Term Cropping / Soil Organic Matter Experiment (Bavaria)","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","48.183333","11.216667","Capriel, Peter","","","","","1953","","","Europe","archive - Samples are taken in the spring. About 60 soil cores are taken at random from each plot with a 3.5cm diameter steel coring bit to a depth of 10cm. The cores for each plot are pooled together to obtain a representative sample for that plot. This material is used for chemical, microbilogical and physical analysis. Since 1994 ten random samples have been taken every year from each plot. solid - Soil measurements made and frequency Total carbon: Yearly since 1986 Method of measuring total carbon: Elemental analyser (Dumas's method) Biomass carbon: Yearly since 1980 Method of measuring biomass carbon: Substrate induced respiration (SIR) Anderson & Domsch (1978) A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soil. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 10: 215-221. Carbon dioxide evolution: Some measurements taken Method of measuring carbon dioxide evolution: Heinemeyer et al. (1989) Soil microbial biomass and respiration measurements: An automated technique based on infrared gas analysis. Plant & Soil 116: 191-195. Total nitrogen: Yearly since 1986 Method of measuring total nitrogen: Elemental analyser, Kjeldahl Nitrogen measurements in other organic matter fractions: Yearly since 1986 Method of measuring nitrogen in other organic matter fractions: Protein-N determined using the ninhydrine method of Stevenson (1982) Nitrogen-organic forms. In: Methods of soil analysis (A.L. Page et al. eds.), Part 2, 2nd Edition, Agronomy 9: 625-641. Soil bulk density or weight: Measurements made Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Core method gas - Carbon dioxide evolution: Some measurements taken Method of measuring carbon dioxide evolution: Heinemeyer et al. (1989) Soil microbial biomass and respiration measurements: An automated technique based on infrared gas analysis. Plant & Soil 116: 191-195. vegetative - Vegetation measurements made and frequency Yield: Yearly Carbon content of offtake: Yearly (only in harvest matter) biota - Carbon dioxide evolution: Some measurements taken Method of measuring carbon dioxide evolution: Heinemeyer et al. (1989) Soil microbial biomass and respiration measurements: An automated technique based on infrared gas analysis. Plant & Soil 116: 191-195.","400-800","","","","","Bare fallow with repeated grubbing and skim ploughing; continuous potato with NPK; continuous potato with NPK and organic manure; continuous wheat with NPK and straw incorporation and a 6 year rotation of summer barley, oat, potato, red clover, summer wheat and winter wheat with NPK and organic manure.","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","","see Capriel et al. (1990) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54: 415-420.","","Yes","Yes","","Annual","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Putnok - Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","","","","","","Hungary","48.300000","20.433333","","","Hungarian long-term fertilizer experimental network","","","1966","","","Europe","Native ecosystem: forest. Previous crops: potato,sunflower,wheat,pea,barley,lentil. Site geology: tertiary and older deposition. Land use: Rotation 1 - wheat,maize,maize,pea; Rotation 2 - wheat,maize,maize,wheat; Rotation 3 - 4 x maize. Treatments: NPK fertilizers (20-40 treatments). solid - b) Soil sampling * Time zero soil measurements taken. Samples from the genetic layers, at least 4 profiles. pH (H2O), pH (KCl), CaCO3%, hydrolitic acidity, plasticity index according to Arany, hygroscopy at 35.2% relative humidity, lifting of capillary water in 5 and 20 hours, humus%, total N%, calcium lactate soluble P2O5, ammonium lactate soluble P2O5, ammonium lactate soluble K2O, (exchangeable Ca and Mg). Sampling after the harvest of previous crops, samples were not stored. * Details of soil sampling method: Sampling after the harvest of previous crops, at least 10 auger samples (approx 1 kg) unified, air dried, sieved 2mm, point samples are taken from the net plot. c) Soil measurements made and frequency * Total carbon: Yearly (plots in the last year of rotation only). * Method of measuring total carbon: C measurement with bichromate method according to Tyurin. Humus% = C% x 1.724. * Total nitrogen: Yearly (plots in last year of rotation only). * Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl method after H2SO4 digestion. * Total mineral nitrogen: Yearly (plots in last year of rotation only). * Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: 1% KCl solution, soil solution ratio 1:2.5. After reduction measurement with Kjeldahl method. * Soil bulk density or weight: Once or twice during the experiment. * Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Special sampling cylinder (200 cu cm), dried at 105 deg C. * Other nutrients: Soluble P, K,Mg,Na,Zn,Cu,Mn,SO4--. vegetative - a) Vegetation measurements made and frequency * Yield: Yearly * Nitrogen content of offtake: Yearly * Yearly: P,K,Na,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu. ","400-800","","","","","wheat,maize,maize,pea.","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","Site geology: tertiary and older deposition.","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 12 m Length of smallest plot is 4.5 m Slope: 1-2% Details of direction of cultivation: Changed yearly Width of Bare Strip around plot: 1-1.5 m Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.5-0.7 m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a restricted randomized plot design. Split-plot, incomplete block There are control plots described as follows: * Unfertilized control cultivated and planted as the treated plots. Deletion of data which differ from the average by more than 3 SDs and replacement with treatment average over blocks. Original data are also available. ","10-100","","Alfisol","Hapludalt (USDA) - hapludalf???","","","","","Never","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Quebec long-term forest soil monitoring network","","","","","","","","Canada","45.500000","-66.790000","Ouimet, Rock","Critical loads and exceedances of acid deposition and associated forest growth in the northern hardwood and boreal coniferous forests in Quebec, Canada","","","","1987","On-going","","North America","","800-1200","","","Udic","Yes","","Forestry","Cool Temperate Boreal","","0-2%","200-500","Sites north of St-Lawrence River(SLR): mainly granitic; sites south of SLR: mainly metamorphic (schists and sandstone). All sites were subjected to the ast glaciation. Surface deposit: glacial till. Soil texture : mainly sandy loam. Drainage: well.","From 1987 to 2000, sites were sampled through 4 to 6 soil profiles every 5 yrs. Since 2002, we are installing a geospatial grid design (20 x 20 m)in order to control for spatial variability. Current properties of future soil samples can thus be predicted and compared to their properties in 10, 20, x yrs. A paper explaining the design is being drafted.","100-1000","","Spodosol","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","1990","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","" "Rates of nitrogen fertilizers. The experiment no75","","","Metsniereba st.#1, Anaseuli, Ozurgeti","","","384380","","Georgia","42.553080","41.484375","","","","","","1966","On-going","","Europe","Under forest before 1950. Clearing in 1951. Tea plantation was founded after 45cm depth soil trenching in 1951, cult. ""Kimyn"" was planted. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","5-10%","0-200","","Plantation was founded as lines of trees with 1,25 m distance between rows.. Distance between tea plants in a row 30cm . More dense planting design was tested for increasing effect of fertilization. ""Kimyn"" cultivar was used in that experiment because yield and quality plant parameters are superior comparing with ""Mestnaya populyatsiya"" cultivar. Half-hard cutting in 1976. Phosphorus & potash were applied once each 4 years with bulk application of 4 year's rate. ","3000-10,000","","","Soil FAO type description: ferrisol Russian classification: red soils on stratified clay sediments Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) –– 3–4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees’ leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) –– greyish–dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots –– 20–25cm thickness. B1 horizon – transition horizon, cloddy, clay–loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon –– brownish–red with black & light–yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35–45cm C horizon –– parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe–Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. Water holding capacity…38–48% ","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Rates of sulfate ammonium, No. 27","","","Metsniereba st.#1, Anaseuli, Ozurgeti","","","384380","","Georgia","42.488301","41.528320","","","","","","1933","On-going","","Europe","Under forest before 1928. Clearing in 1929. Tea plantation was founded after 45cm depth soil trenching in 1930, cult. ""Mestnaya populatsiya"" was planted in 1931. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","5-10%","0-200","","Tea plantation with chess layout of brushes (1x1m) with following arrangement of trees lines. The variety ""Mestnaya populyatsiya "" have been grown. Soil 45 cm deep trenching was applied as pre-planting action. Intensive & half-intensive cutting took place in 1949,1957,1967, 1977. Phosphorus & potash mineral fertilizers were applied periodically -- in 2 - 4-fold annual years. Nitrogen has been applied in rates 50, 100, 150, 200, 300 kg/ha year in different treatments. Efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers was affected by annual tea yield and level of nutrients other than N in soil. ","3000-10,000","","","Soil FAO type description: ferrisol Russian classification: red soils Description of native red soil horizons A0 horizon (sod or litter layer) -- 3-4cm, contains partly decomposed fern and trees' leaves. A horizon (humus horizon) -- greyish-dark brown, cloddy - granular loose structure, clay loam, abundant of fern roots -- 20-25cm thickness. B1 horizon - transition horizon, cloddy, clay-loam & clay, slightly compact B2 horizon -- brownish-red with black & light-yellow mottles, more compact than previous horizon, thickness of B1+ B2 is more than 35-45cm C horizon -- parent rock, with heterogeneous red color, abundant big Fe-Mn nodules & light-yellow Si mottles, subangular cloddy structure, clay loam, compact. ","","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Response of soil phosphorus content, growth and yield of wheat to long-term phosphorus fertilization in a conventional cropping system","","","","","","","","South Africa","-28.166667","28.300000","","Response of soil phosphorus content, growth and yield of wheat to long-term phosphorus fertilization in a conventional cropping system","","","","1982","","","Africa","Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems. 61, no. 3 (2001): p. 283-292. Small Grain Institute's research farm at Bethlehem ","400-800","","","Aquic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Alfisol","Plinthaqualfs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Role of farmyard manure organic matter in increasing fertility of soddy podsolic soils","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers ","Central Agricultural Station Experiment 5","","","Shebantsevo Experimental Field","","","Russia","50.527396","36.606445","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Europe","","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","This fertilization system has been used during two crop rotations. Potatoes Winter wheat Fodder beet Spring barley 1.Control 2.FYM 50t/ha (during rotation) 20t/ha FYM - 30t/ha - 3.FYM 50t/ha + 1(NPK), (during rotation) FYM + 1(NPK) 1(NPK) FYM + 1(NPK) 1(NPK) 4.FYM +2(NPK) FYM + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) FYM + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 5.FYM +3(NPK) FYM +3(NPK) 3(NPK) FYM + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 6.FYM +N1P1K1 (nitrogen contents correspond to the second variant) FYM +N1P1K1 N1P1K1 FYM +N1P1K1 N1P1K1 7.FYM +N3P3K3 FYM + N3P3K3 N3P3K3 FYM+N3P3K3 N3P3K3 8. FYM + 2PK (bulk appl.) + 2N (split appl. For all crops) FYM +2PK (N) 2N FYM+2N 2N 9.Control 10.Control 11.1 (NPK) during rotation, in equiv. 2 treat. 1 (NPK) 1 (NPK) 1 (NPK) 1 (NPK) 12.2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 13.3(NPK) 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 14.4(NPK) 4(NPK) 4(NPK) 4(NPK) 4(NPK) 15.N1P1K1 N1P1K1 N1P1K1 N1P1K1 N1P1K1 16.N3P3K3 N3P3K3 N3P3K3 N3P3K3 N3P3K3 17.1(NPK) in equiv. the second treatment, applied with row crops 1(NPK) - 1(NPK) - 18.2(PK) - once, + 2(N) yearly 2PK(N) 2N 2N 2N 19.Control After end of the second rotation the experimental scheme was changed. Potatoes Winter wheat Fodder beet Spring barley 1.Control 2.FYM - 50t/ha during the rotation 20t/ha - 30t/ha - 3.FYM+1(NPK) - in equiv. the second treatment FYM+1(NPK) 1(NPK) FYM+1(NPK) 1(NPK) 4. FYM+2(NPK) FYM+2(NPK) 2(NPK) FYM+2(NPK) 2(NPK) 5.FYM+3(NPK) FYM+3(NPK) 3(NPK) FYM+3(NPK) 3(NPK) 6.2(FYM)+1(NPK) 2(FYM)+1(NPK) 1(NPK) 2(FYM)+1(NPK) 1(NPK) 7.2(FYM)+2(NPK) 2(FYM)+2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(FYM)+2(NPK) 2(NPK) 8.2(FYM)+3(NPK) 2(FYM)+3(NPK) 3(NPK) 2(FYM)+3(NPK) 3(NPK) 9.FYM - 100t/ha during the rotation 40t/ha - 60t/ha - 10.Control 11.1(NPK) - in equiv. the second treatment 1(NPK) 1(NPK) 1(NPK) 1(NPK) 12.2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 13.3(NPK) 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 14.4(NPK) 4(NPK) 4(NPK) 4(NPK) 4(NPK) 15.N1P1K1 N1P1K1 N1P1K1 N1P1K1 N1P1K1 16N3P3K3 N3P3K3 N3P3K3 N3P3K3 N3P3K3 17.1(NPK) - in equiv. 2 treatment, applied with row crops 1(NPK) - 1(NPK) - 18.5(NPK) 5(NPK) 5(NPK) 5(NPK) 5(NPK) 19.NPK - nutrient contents in equiv. 9 treatment 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(NPK) This fertilization scheme has been applied during the third, fourth and the first half of the fifth crop rotation. The following scheme was introduced beginning with fertilization of fodder beet duringthe fifth crop rotation. Potatoes Winter wheat Fodder beet Spring barley 1.Control 2.FYM - 50t/ha during the rotation 20t/ha - 30t/ha - 3.FYM+1(NPK) - in equiv. 2 treatment FYM + 1(NPK) 1(NPK) FYM+1(NPK) 1(NPK) 4.FYM+2(NPK) FYM + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) FYM + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 5.FYM+3(NPK) FYM + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) FYM + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 6.2(FYM)+1(NPK) 2(FYM)+1(NPK) 1(NPK) 2(FYM)+1(NPK) 1(NPK) 7.2(FYM)+3(NPK) 2(FYM)+3(NPK) 3(NPK) 2(FYM)+3(NPK) 3(NPK) 8.2(FYM)+2(NPK) 2(FYM)+2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2(FYM)+2(NPK) 2(NPK) 9.2(FYM) - 100t/ha during the rotation 40t/ha - 60t/ha - 10.Control 11.1(NPK) - in equiv. 2 treatment, with row crops - ""M"" NPK - «M» - NPK- «M» - 12.""M"" + 1(NPK) .""M"" + 1(NPK) 1(NPK) .""M"" + 1(NPK) 1(NPK) 13.""M"" + 2(NPK) ""M"" + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) ""M"" + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 14.""M"" + 3(NPK) ""M"" + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) ""M"" + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 15.2""M"" +1(NPK) 2""M"" +1(NPK) 1(NPK) 2""M"" +1(NPK) 1(NPK) 16.2""M"" + 3(NPK)+ 2""M"" + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 2""M"" + 3(NPK) 3(NPK) 17. NPK - based on estimated yield NPK NPK NPK NPK 18.2""M"" + 2(NPK) 2""M"" + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 2""M"" + 2(NPK) 2(NPK) 19.NPK - corresponds to the 9 variant, during the rotation, with arable crops 2""M"" - 2""M"" - These fertilization systems have been studied during the second half of the fifth, sixth, & seventh crop rotations. Study of residual fertilization effect on different backgrounds was planned after the end of the seventh rotation, after cessation of fertilization during two rotations on four - course cereal crop land-use (vetch-oats (green) - winter wheat - spring barley - oats) This first rotation was finished in 1998. ","","","","Russian classification Soddy podzolic heavy loam ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Role of Potassium in sustaining yields in rice-wheat experiment in Indo-Gangetic Plains of Nepal","","","","","","","","Nepal","-35.083333","147.333333","","The role of potassium in sustaining yields in a long-term rice-wheat experiment in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of Nepal","","","","1988","","1999","Asia","Biology and Fertility of Soils, Oct 2002, Vol 36, 240-247","","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","0-200","","","","","Inceptisol","Typic Haplaquepts (calcareous)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Rothamsted C model, non-volcanic Japanese soils","","","","","","","","Japan","","","","","","","","","","","Asia","soil science and plant nutrition journal, Dec 2003, Vol 49, 921-925 Journal not online ","","","","","","","Arable","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Rothansted carbon model tested in Japan","","","","","","","","Japan","","","","","","","","","","","Asia","Soil Science and Plant nutrition journal, Feb 2004, Vol 50, 149-158 Journal not on line. ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S.A.T.W.A.G.L.","","","","","","","","Australia","-35.083333","147.333333","Heenan, Damian","Long-term impact of rotation, tillage and stubble management on the loss of soil organic carbon and nitrogen from a Chromic Luvisol","","","","1979","","","Australia","","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Entisol","Chromic Luvisol (FAO) Fertile red earth (Gn 2.12) developed on an aeolian deposit","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Salem Road Sustainable Grazing Study","unharvested soil organic matter poultry litter pasture inorganic fertilizer haying cattle grazing ","Farmington GA","","","","","","United States","33.745000","-83.398000","Franzluebbers, Alan","","","","USDA-ARS Watkinsville GA","1994","Terminated","2005","North America","","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Udic","No","Cynodon dactylon, Lolium arundinaceum","Grazed","Warm Subtropical","Gently rolling upland","5-10%","200-500","Granite gneiss/amphibole residuum","12 treatments replicated in 3 blocks. Factorial arrangement of nutrient source (inorganic, poultry litter+inorganic, and poultry litter only) and forage utilization (unharvested, low grazing pressure, high grazing pressure, and hayed). Grazed treatments were 0.7 ha each, while unharvested and hayed exclosures were 100 m2 each.","3000-10,000",">20","Ultisol","Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Annual","1994","2005","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes" "San Dimas","","","","","","","","United States","","","","","","","http://www.envisci.ucr.edu/faculty/graham/sdefpages/sdef-home.html","","","","North America","Robert Graham, DH","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Sanborn Field","","","","","","","","United States","38.950000","-93.333333","Miles, Randy","Assessment of Climate Impact on Carbon Exchange Betweeen an Agroecosystem and the AtmosphereComparative Analyses of Carbon Dynamics in Native and Cultivated EcosystemsInfluence of Long-term Cropping Systems on Soil Physical Properties Related to Soil Erodibility","","","http://aes.missouri.edu/sanborn/index.stm","1888","","","North America","Sanborn Field Operations; Missouri Agricultural Ex solid - Soil temperature (last decades), soil water content (last decade; non-systematic), soil air CO2 concentration since 1981. Distribution of root biomass. SW-facing slope of 3-5%; argillic horizon favoring perching and lateral flow above, thus enhancing surface runoff. (Hu 2003) vegetative - Occasional (E.g. C14 labeling, Buyanovsky et al. 1987) ","800-1200","","","Aquic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","2-5%","","","Several constant crops and several rotations, with different fertilizer and tilling treatments within each crop or rotation. Treatments include measured manure, calibrated chemical fertilizer (since 1914), or no treatment, and others.","100-1000","","Alfisol","Fine, smectitic, mesic Aeric Vertic Epiaqualfs (Mexico series)","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1888","2003","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","" "Scientific basis of effective fertilizer application in conservation cropping system of agricultural landscapes in arid steppe of Trans-Baikal","","Buryatskiy NISKH SO RASKHN","Kirova, 35","","Ulan-Ude","670000","","Russia","51.865256","107.627563","","","","","","1967","On-going","","Asia","Site 1931 to 1967 the site was used as arable land (grain rotation).","","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Treatments:1. Control 2. P20 3. N40P40 4. P40K40 5. N40K40 6. N40P40K40 7. Manure 60 t/ha 8. Manure 40 t/ha 9. PK equivalent of manure 40 t/ha 10. 20 t/ha manure+NPK equivalent of manure 20 t/ha 11. N40P40K40 (Fallow), N70P40K40 (2d ana 3d crops) 12. N180P120K120. Rotations: Fallow- spring wheat- oats-oats.","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russian clasification: chestnut soils.","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Every 5 years","1967","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "SETRES","","","","","Aberdeen","","North Carolina","United States","34.904692","-79.483594","Richter, Daniel","","","","http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/soils/research/setres.htm","1999","","","North America","","800-1200","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Udic","","","Forestry","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Ultisol","","","","Yes","Yes","Once","2000","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","" "Sevilleta","","","","","","","","United States","34.338056","-106.717500","","","LTER - U.S. Long Term Ecological Research","","http://sev.lternet.edu/","1993","On-going","","North America","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Aridisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Soil Changes Accompanying Land Development (clearing) SCALD","","Brigalow Research Station, Via Theodore, Queensland 4719, Austra","","","","","","Australia","-24.783333","149.733333","Cowie, Bruce","","","","","1976","On-going","","Australia","Though active monitoring has ceased, the study maintains its value since the monitoring sites are permanently located and the simple treatments are ongoing. archive - Soil samples taken annually over period of clearing and the early stages of new land use. Subsequently soils sampled at intervals from 3 to 10 years.","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Ustic","No","Acacia harpophylla (brigalow), Eucalyptus cambageana (blackbutt), and Casuarina cristata (belah) as co-dominant canopy species. Geijera parviflora (wilga), Opuntia tomentose (Velvet Tree Pear), Myoporum deserti (ellangowan poison bush), Eremophila mitchellii (false sandalwood) and Carissa ovata (current bush) in varying proportions dominate the shrubby layer. Ground flora consist of a wide range of graminoids (e.g. Cymbopogon refractus (lemon scented barbed wire grass), Cyperus gracilis (slender sedge)) and forbes (e.g. Enchylaena tomentosa (berry cotton bush) and Brunoniella australis (blue trumpet)) (Johnson 2004).","Other","Warm Subtropical","Plains of moderate relief within undulating to nearly flat plains with extensive depositional slopes. ","2-5%","0-200","The experimental site is located in the SE corner of the Bowen Basin geological zone on the Mimosa syncline, where isolated remnant tertiary sandstone and conglomerates overlie about 2,500 m of the Triassic Moolayember, Clematis and Rewan sediments of sandstone, siltstone and conglomerates of marine and non marine origin (Olgers 1966, Perry 1968). Sandstone from the Rewan formation outcrops in the area and is the likely parent material of soils at the site (R.J. Allen Geological Survey of Queensland pers. comm.) The depth to the sandstone varies from about 0.9 m under the duplex soils to 2-4 m beneath the clay soils.","Four permanent monitoring plots in total Two soil types (with different vegetation associations) x two land uses (Virgin forest and cleared and grazed buffel grass)","100-1000","3-10","","Vertisols and Alfisols","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1976","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No","No" "Soil changes in time within a dry meadow","","","","","","","","Russia","55.416667","37.166667","Yakimenko, Elana","","","","","1965","","","Asia","Present cutting meadow formed on ploughed land in 1890-1900, then used only for hay harvest without any other treatments. Soil developed on loess-like loams, underlain by moraine. archive - Soil sampling- Details of soil sampling method: Five-ten sections were made. Samples were taken according to genetic horizons by auger (100 cu cm) from every section. In the transect, soil samples were taken for every 5 cm of depth, and every 20 cm along its length. Soil is separated into layers. Details of measuring depths and soil layers: Asod 1-5 cm; A1 10-15,20-25 cm; B1 30-40 cm; B2 50-60,70-80 cm; BC 100-110 cm. Soil measurements made and frequency - Total carbon: Once every 3 to 5 years. Method of measuring total carbon: Acid-dichromate digestion. Biomass carbon: Once only. Method of measuring biomass carbon: Burning to ash. Carbon measurements in other organic matter fractions: Once every 3-5 years. Method of measuring carbon in other organic matter fractions: Humic and fulvic acids were extracted by treatment with Na4P2O7. Carbon content was determined by acid-dichromate digestion of these fractions. Total nitrogen: Every 3 to 5 years. Method of measuring total nitrogen: By treatment with H2SO4. Soil bulk density or weight: Every 3-5 years. Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Bulk density was determined by excavation of a core with metal glass. Soil weight (specific gravity) was determined by pycnometers. Other nutrients: pH (salt extract), soluble P. Atmospheric inputs: Chemical composition of atmospheric deposits (rain and snow) was determined in the open plots and was taken into account when soil properties were discussed. Other measurements: Content of exchangeable cations in the soil. Total amount of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5; and Fe and Mn contents in a 1M H2SO4; grain-size compound, amount of Fe-Mn neoformations and their compound bulk density and soil weight; water permeability; pH (water extract). solid - Content of exchangeable cations in the soil. Total amount of SiO2,Al2O3,FeO3,MnO,MgO,CaO,Na2O,K2O,P2O5 and Fe and Mn content in the acid extract (1H H2SO4) in the soil, grain-size compound, amount of Fe-Mn neoformations and their compound bulk density and soil weight; water permeability; pH (water extract). vegetative - Yield: Fortnightly in summer, otherwise monthly. Total above-ground dry matter: Fortnightly in summer, otherwise monthly. Total dry matter offtake: Fortnightly in summer, otherwise monthly. Carbon content of offtake: Fortnightly in summer, otherwise monthly. Nitrogen content of offtake: Fortnightly in summer, otherwise monthly.","400-800","","No","Ustic","","","Horticulture","Cool Temperate Boreal","","2-5%","","Soil developed on loess-like loams, underlain by moraine.","Width of smallest plot is 50 m, Length of smallest plot is 100 m, There are at least 5 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a randomized plot design. The experiment has a restricted randomized plot design. Soil was sampled from sections (in this investigation) which were distributed in chess order. Earlier replicates distributed by random plot design. There are control plots described as follows: The control plot is a forest (pine) ecosystem of the same age as the dry meadow . Standard statistical tests were used: Mean values, error of mean values, dispersion, coefficient of variation. ","","","Alfisol","The studied soil has no equivalents in USDA or FAO. Under the Russian classification system these soils are called Soddy soils.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Soil fertility and crop production as affected by selected nutrients under separate and combined application in irrigation conditions","","","Nadnepryanskoe village","","Kherson reg.,","","","Ukraine","46.672056","32.695312","","","","","","1967","On-going","","Europe","The site before experiment was used as an arable land with introduction of irrigation. ","","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Crop rotation: alfalfa-alfalfa-alfalfa-winter wheat-sugar beet-silage corn-winter wheat Treatments: Absolute control and different combinations of mineral fertilizers: P,N,NP,NK,PK,NPK and NPK and FYM application ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification dark chestnut soil,silt loam on loess FAO: kashtanozem Profile description A(H) 0-28 cm - humus accumulation horizon, dark brownish grey (whitish hue in a case of planosol features), heavy loam, weak cloddy structure, with separate granular structure remains,gradual transition AB (Hp) 28-58 cm - upper transitional, dark brown, heavy loam, cloddy-subangular structure,abundant roots, HCl effervescence, gradual transition B (Ph) 58-76 cm - lower transitional, dark brown, heavy loam , , compact, rare roots, HCl effervescence, gradual transition Bc (PK) 76-131cm - calacareous horizon, brown, heavy loam, subangular structure, very compact, white Ca hard spots (beloglazka), grdual transition C(Pc) > 131 cm - loess parent material Impermeable layer depth - 15 m ","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Soil Fertility Experiment (DVI Thyrow/Germany)","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","52.633333","13.300000","","","","","","1938","","","Europe","Land use: 1938-54 2 year rotation potatoes,spring barley; 1955-60 3 year rotation potatoes,spring rye,winter rye; 1961-84 6 year rotation sugar beet,spring barley,winter rye,potatoes,spring barley,winter rye;since 1985 6 year rotation potatoes,spring barley,winter rye,maize,spring barley,winter rye. Treatments: PK,NPK+/-organic manure. 3 N levels,2 levels stable manure,green manure,straw. archive - Archived soil samples: 1957,77,82,83,91,92,93. dating from 1957 Soil sampling - Details of soil sampling method: Soil auger; 20 samples/plot, mixed; every plot; 0-30 cm depth; years 1957,77,82,83,91,92,93. Soil measurements made and frequency - Total carbon: Annual since 1965. Method of measuring total carbon: Wet combustion with K2Cr2O7. Atmospheric inputs: N in rainfall since 1982. solid - Soil properties Depth of root limiting layer: No root limiting layer Minimum depth of root limiting layer: 150cm Maximum depth of root limiting layer: 200 cm Approximate water holding capacity: 11.3 mm Approximate cation exchange capacity: 40 mmol/kg Approximate soil organic matter content: .77% Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 11 Approximate soil bulk density: 1.55 g/cm3 Approximate minimum ground water level: 1000 cm Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 3% Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 63 um): 14% Percent sand (i.e. particles between 63 um and 2000 um): 83% Approximate soil pH: 5 Approximate minimum soil pH: 5 Approximate maximum soil pH: 5 Method of determining soil pH: KCl Vegetation - Yield: Yearly Total above-ground dry matter: Yearly N (since 1961)","400-800","","","","Yes","6 year rotation potatoes,spring barley,winter rye,maize,spring barley,winter rye","Arable","Cool Temperate","Predominantly arable.","0-2%","","","Width of smallest plot is 7.2 m Length of smallest plot is 8.3 m Slope: - . Shape: Uniform Details of direction of cultivation: Right angles to short axis of plot Width of Discard Strip around plot: 1.60 m There are at least 2 replicates in the experiment. Systematic layout. There are control plots described as follows: The PKCa plots could be thought of as controls. ","10-100","","Spodosol","Leptic Podzol (FAO)","","","Yes","","","1957","1993","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Soil formation in an abandoned borrow pit","","","","","","","","United States","36.026472","-78.992042","Richter, Daniel","","","","","","Terminated","","North America","This study investigates soil formation and carbon sequestration in an abandoned soil borrow pit. The borrow pit was excavated to provide material for Hwy 751 in the Duke Forest and abandoned in the 1930s. No attempts at remediation were made, so forest vegetation is successional. The new soil surface was in the C horizon, so all organic C and N can be assumed to be derived since the new primary successional ecosystem began to proliferate.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Soil organic matter content and quality: effects of fertilizer applications, burning and trash retention on a long-term sugarcane experiment in South Africa","","","","","","","","South Africa","-31.066667","29.883333","","Soil organic matter content and quality: effects of fertilizer applications, burning and trash retention on a long-term sugarcane experiment in South Africa","","","","1939","","","Africa","Soil biology & biochemistry. 34, no. 1 (Jan 2002): p. 93-102 Oldest sugarcane soil management experiment in the world. ","800-1200","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Vertisol","Chromic Vertisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Soil Respiration, Temperature & Moisture (Prospect Hill, Harvard Forest)","soil respiration ","Harvard Forest","","","","","","United States","42.540000","-72.170000","Barker Plotkin, Audrey","","Harvard Forest Based LTSEs","","http://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu","1995","On-going","","North America","We have been making long-term soil respiration measurements at our transect sites since the summer of 1995. Measurements are collected in the footprint of a long-running eddy-flux tower.","800-1200","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","","","Acer rubrum, Quercus rubra, Tsuga canadensis","Forestry","Cool Temperate","New England Upland","","200-500","","There are 6 sites located along a northwest and southwest transect from the EMS tower on the Prospect Hill tract of the Harvard forest. Sites ranged from very poorly drained swamp to well drained uplands. Measurements were collected at approximately weekly intervals during the summer and biweekly for the remainder of the season. Soil respiration was measured using a dynamic chamber system. Soil CO2 flux is measured by placing a chamber over fixed collars in the soil. The change in CO2 concentration within the chamber headspace is recorded every 12s for 4.5 min. A linear regression of the increasing chamber headspace concentration is used to calculate a flux rate and converted to units of mg C m-2 hr-1. Soil temperature and volumetric soil moisture were collected concurrent with soil respiration measurements. Soil temperature is taken using a 10cm probe inserted vertically from the surface. Volumetric water content is determined with 15 cm TDR probes inserted vertically in the soil. Soil profile CO2 concentrations are also measured at the same time scale as soil respiration rates. ","0","3-10","","","Yes","","","","Annual","1995","2007","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","" "South Road Tillage","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","","","Ball, Bruce","","","","","1967","","","Europe","solid - Soil N2O and N2O emissions were measured in 1984 and 1985; methane uptake in 1995. See Arah & Smith (1991) J.Soil. Sci. 42: 351-368 and Ball (1995) in: Proc. 2nd EU Workshop on Experience with the applicability of no tillage... - see reference list). ","","","","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","Entisol"," Half of site on a eutric cambisol (Macmerry series) [FAO] and half is on a gleysol (Winton/Macmerry complex) [FAO]. Further description in Pidgeon (1980) J. Soil Sci. 31: 581-594 and Ball et al. (1989) Soil Till. Res. 13: 333-352.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SoyFACE","soy-corn agroecosystem FACE elevated ozone elevated CO2 ","SoyFACE","1114 County Rd-1200 E","","Savoy","61874","","United States","40.041930","-88.238205","Ort, Don","","","","SoyFace","2001","","","North America","","","","","","","Glycine max, Zea mays","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Stable isotopes grassland-forest border, SOM","","","","","","","","Taiwan","23.466667","120.883333","","Changes in the grassland-forest boundary at Ta-Ta-Chia long term ecological research (LTER) site detected by stable isotope ratios of soil organic matter","","","","","","","Asia","Chemosphere journal, Jan 2004, Vol 54, 217-224, forest fire effects on veg, SOM, 13C","","Mesic: 8 to 15C","","","","Tsuga and grassland","Other","Tropical","","","","","","","","Inceptisol","loamy silty, mixed, mesic, Dystric Cryochrepts","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Statischer Duengungsversuch Bad Lauchstaedt","","","","","","","","Germany (Deutschland)","51.400000","11.883333","KÖRSCHENS, MARTIN","Evaluation of the different soil organic matter pools stability in Long-Term field experiments of Germany by physical fractionation","","","","1902","","","Europe","archive - Soil sampling * Details of soil sampling method: Soil samples are taken with an auger from the 0-30 cm layer. Samples are taken from the margins of the plots (width of margin 3m at minimum depending on crop). Mixed sample from 20 cores. Air-dried, ground to <2 mm, mechanical device for subsampling. * Soil is separated into layers * Details of measuring depths and soil layers: 0-30 cm every year. 30-60,60-100 cm not regularly. Deep sampling to a depth of 5 m in the last 3 years. solid - Depths described: 0-25,25-40,40-60,60-125 cm. Horizons: Ap,Ah,Ah/C(k),C(k). Carbonate: 0%,0%,3%,3%. Humus content: 4%,4%,2%,1%. Colour: 5YR 212,10YR 212,10YR 212,10YR 516-8. Soil properties * Depth of root limiting layer: 200cm * Approximate water holding capacity: 32.8 mm per 100 mm * Approximate soil organic matter content: 3.57% * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 12.2 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.35 g/cm3 * Approximate ground water level: 1191 cm * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 21% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 63 um): 67.8% * Percent sand (i.e. particles between 63 um and 2000 um): 11.2% * Approximate soil pH: 6.6 * Approximate minimum soil pH: 6.6 * Approximate maximum soil pH: 6.6 * Method of determining soil pH: KCl Nitrogen 15 measurements in vegetation: Every year since 1993 Total soil nitrogen 15 measurements: 2 or 3 times a year since 1993 depending on task Total soil mineral nitrogen 15 measurements: 2 or 3 times a year since 1993 Nitrate nitrogen 15 measurements: Twice a year since 1993 Ammonium nitrogen 15 measurements: Twice a year since 1993 Details of isotope measurements: Total soil N-15: Elemental analyzer-MS coupling (EA-MS). Nitrate & ammonium in soil: extraction with 1N KCl, distillation after BREMMER-KEENEY, N-15 determination of ammonium sulphat by EA-MS or emission spectrometer. N-15 in OM: hot water extraction. All measurements are taken on samples from the nil plots. On other variants only total soil N-15 measurements at irregular intervals. vegetative - Vegetation measurements made and frequency * Yield: Every year * Total above-ground dry matter: Not regularly * Total dry matter offtake: Every year * Carbon content of offtake: Every year * Nitrogen content of offtake: Every year * Every year: P, K, Mg on 6 main treatments. Quality measurements & 1000-grain weight of cereals: not regularly. Root and crop residues: not regularly. Amount & processes of mineralization. FYM analysis: DM, N, P and K yearly since 1903; C analysis of FYM since 1988. Sugar content of sugar beet & starch content of potatoes: yearly measurements. ","400-800","","No","","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Original ecosystem: grassland. Previous land use: arable land.","","0-200","parent material is loess which was deposited during the Weischel ice age as a 120-150 cm thick layer over calcareous moraine material of high density from the Saale ice age.","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 26.5 m Length of smallest plot is 10 m Details of direction of cultivation: Right angles Width of Discard Strip around plot: 3 m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls There are at least 4 replicates in the experiment. Systematic design There are control plots described as follows: * See Korschens, M et al. (1994). See Autorenkollektiv, ""Der Statische Versuch Lauchstaedt in 7 Jahrzehnten"" Akademie-Verlag (1970) ","","","Mollisol","Haplic Phaeozem (FAO)","","","Yes","Yes","","1956","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","" "Study of field rotation","","Siberian NIISKH","Koroleva prospekt,2","","Omsk","644012","","Russia","55.172593","73.355712","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1963","On-going","","Asia","It was arable land before 1963 year.","","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Rotations: 1. fallow-wheat-wheat-vetch-wheat (after pea) 2. wheat(after pea)-oats-fallow-wheat 3. wheat-oats-fallow (vetch) 4. wheat (after barley)-wheat (after barley)-oats-fallow-wheat 5. wheat-wheat-grasses-corn-wheat (after corn-barley) 6.wheat (after corn-barley)- wheat- vetch-wheat(after pea)-melilot 7. wheat (after melilot)-wheat (after melilot)-vetch-wheat(after pea)-fallow 8. wheat-wheat-vetch-oats-wheat-wheat(after oats) 9.oats-wheat-fallow. For all treatments were applied different tillage and N-, P-fertilizers.","","","","Russian classification: meadow chernozem.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1963","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Studying the chemical properties of meadow-brown soil of the Primorie in field rotation at long term fertilizers application and to evolve the standard targets of soil fertility relating to cultivated crops","","Primorie NIISKH","","","Timiryazevskiy, Primorie","692539","","Russia","43.490000","131.520000","","","","","","1941","On-going","","Asia","It was test sowing on the site before 1941.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","The plot consists from the nine fields. Rotation: 1.Perennial grasses 2. Corn 3.Oats 4. Soya 5. Wheat and perennial grasses 6. Grasses 7.Soya 8. Barley 9. Soya. There were 5 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1.Nil input 2. FYM 3. NPK 4. FYM+NPK 5. FYM+NPK+lime 6. Lime","100-1000","3-10","","Russian classification: meadow-brown soil, clay loam.","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","","1941","2004","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Subtropical No-Till Cropping Systems","","","","","","","","Brazil","","","","","","","","1983","","","South America","","","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Oxisol","sandy clay loam Acrisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Swift Current New Crop Rotation Experiment","summerfallow minimum tillage crop type crop sequence ","Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre","Box 1030","","Swift Current","S9H 3X2","Saskatchewan","Canada","50.281702","-107.757511","Zentner, Robert","","","","AAFC On line","1987","On-going","","North America","The New crop rotation experiment was established in 1987 (near to the Old crop rotation experiment) to include newer innovations such as the use of minimum- and zero-tillage management, fertilizer banding, new crop types [high yielding CPS wheat (HY), crested wheatgrass (CWG)], new crop sequences, annual legume green manure (LGM), perennial grass hay, intermediate length rotations, flexible-type rotations, and improved snow management through use of uniform tall stubble created by direct combining. The objectives of this experiment are similar to the Swift Current Old crop rotation experiment. These include to determine the long-term effects of cropping intensity, crop type [CWRS spring wheat (W), high yielding Canada Prairie spring wheat (HY), canola (Can), dry pea (Pea)], summerfallow (F) frequency, annual legume green manure, and perennial forage on crop productivity, soil organic matter quantity and quality, GHG, soil water conservation and water use efficiency, N and P use and cycling, nitrate leaching, incidence of plant diseases, soil microbial activity and diversity, non-renewable energy use efficiency, and economic returns and riskiness. A total of eight crop rotations are currently represented, namely: F-W-W, LGM-W-W, F-HY-HY, F-W-W-W, Cont W, Cont W (if adequate moisture), W-Can-W-Pea, and CWG hay. The experiment is comprised of 60 plots. All phases of each rotation are present every year and each rotation is cycled on its assigned plots. Treatments are arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plot size is 15 m by 45 m. ","","","No","Aridic","No","wheat","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","500-800","The soil is a swinton loam to silt loam, an Orthic Brown Chernozem (Aridic Haploboroll) developed from aeolian deposits that overlie galcial till. It has an Ap horizon 0 to 8 cm thick with moderate, medium subangular, blocky primary structure that crushes to moderate, fine granular secondary structure. The Bm1 (8 to 24 cm) and Bm2 (24 to 48 cm) have a silt loam texture with strong, medium prismatic structure; the Ck (40 to 79 cm) has a silt loam texture with massive structure; and the 11C1 (79 to 104 cm) and 11C2 (104 to 129 cm) have a clay loam texture with massive structure.","The experiment consists of 8 crop rotation treatments. Treatments are arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. The experiment is comprised of 60 plots. All phases of each rotation are present each year and each rotation is cycled on its assigned plots. Plot size is 15 m by 45 m.","","","","Aridic Haploboroll, Brown Chernozem (Canadian Classification)","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1987","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","No" "Swift Current Old Crop Rotation Experiment","summerfallow fertilizers cropping frequency crop type ","Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre","Box 1030","","Swift Current","S9H 3X2","","Canada","50.281675","-107.757414","Zentner, Robert","","","","AAFC On Line","1967","On-going","","North America","The Old crop rotation experiment, which uses stubble mulch tillage or ‘conventional’ management and full-sized machinery, was established in 1967 to determine the long-term effects of cropping intensity, crop type [wheat (W), barley (B), lentil (Lent), flax (Flx), fall rye (Rye), canola (Can), dry pea (Pea)], summerfallow (F) frequency, and N and P fertilizer application on crop productivity, soil organic matter quantity and quality, GHG, soil water conservation and water use efficiency, N and P use and cycling, nitrate leaching, incidence of plant diseases, soil microbial activity and diversity, non-renewable energy use efficiency, and economic returns and riskiness. Twelve crop rotations were originally established, with eleven crop rotations now currently represented, namely: F-W (N +P), F-W-W (N + P), F-W-W (N only), F-W-W (P only), F-Flx-W (N + P), F-Rye-W (N + P), W-Lent (N + P), Cont W (N + P), Cont W (P only), F-Can-B-Pea-W (N + P), and grass-legume forage hay (N + P). Several modifications were made to the rotation treatments over the years (including the creation of subplots) to address new and emerging issues (e.g., Cd accumulation in grain, impact of new crop types, changes in fertilization practice, greenhouse gas emissions). All phases of each rotation are present every year and each rotation is cycled on its assigned plots. Treatments are arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plot size is 10 m by 30 m. ","","","No","Aridic","No","Wheat","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","500-800","The soil is a Swinton loam to silt loam, an Orthic Brown Chernozem (Aridic Haploboroll) developed from aeolian deposits that overlie glacial till. It has an Ap horizon 0 to 8 cm thick with moderate, medium subangular, blocky primary structure that crushes to moderate, fine granular secondary structure. The Bm1 (8 to 24 cm) and Bm2 (24-48 cm) have a silt loam texture with strong, medium prismatic structure; the Ck (40-79 cm) has a silt loam texture with massive structure; and the 11C1 (79 to 104 cm) and 11C2 (104 to 129 cm) have clay loam texture with massive structure.","Treatments are arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The experiment is comprised of 81 plots, each 10 m by 30 m. All phases of each crop rotation are present each year and each rotation is cycled on its assigned plots. ","","","","Aridic Haploboroll, Brown Chernozem (Canadian classification)","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1976","2003","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","No" "The fertilizer application system in rotation","","All-Russian Soya Research Institute","Ignat'evskoe highway, 19","The Amur Region","Blagoveschensk","675027","","Russia","50.163044","127.770996","","","","","","1964","On-going","","Asia","Field 4 (was laid out in 1962) in 1961 was occupied by wheat (ferilizer N30P30), in 1960-sown fallow (without fertilizers), 1959 - oats (without fertilizers). Field 2 (was laid out in 1963) in 1962 - wheat (ferilizer N30P30), 1961 - soya (without fertilizers), 1960 - wheat (ferilizer N30P30). Field 3 (was laid out in 1964) in 1963 - wheat (ferilizer N30), 1962 - soya (ferilizer P40), 1961 - wheat (ferilizer N30P30).","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","Cover loam","0-2%","","","Crop rotation: soya+corn (soya+oats) - soya - wheat - soya - wheat. 1. Soya+corn. It was changed on soya+oats from 2nd rotation. Treatments: 1-Nill, 2- P30, 3- N60, 4-N60P30, 5-N60P30K60, 6-N90P60, 7-N90P60, 8-N90P60, 9-N90P30+FYM(12t) 2.Soya. Treatments:1-Nill, 2- P60, 3- N30, 4-N30P60, 5-N30P60K30, 6-N60P90, 7-N30P60, 8-N60, 9-N30P60 3. Wheat. Treatments:1-Nill, 2- 0/P60, 3- 0/N30, 4-0/N30, 5-0/N30K30, 6-N30P30, 7-N30P30, 8-N60P30, 9-N30 4. Soya. Treatments:1-Nill, 2- P60/0, 3- N30/0, 4-N30P60/P60, 5-N30P60K30/P60, 6-N60P90/N60P30, 7-N30P60, 8-N60, 9-N60P30+FYM(12t)/P60+FYM(12t) 5. Wheat. Treatments: 1-Nill, 2-Nill, 3-Nill, 4-Nill, 5-Nill, 6-Nill, 7-N30P60, 8-N60P30, 9-Nill Numerator-fertilizer in the 1st rotation, denominator- 2nd and next rotations.","100-1000","3-10",""," Russian classification: meadow chernozem, medium humus rich, clay loam on cover loam","No","No","No","No","","1964","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "The Olentangy River Wetland Research Park","","SNR, OSU, 352 W. DDodridge Street, Columbus, Ohio 43202","","","","","","United States","40.016667","-83.016667","Mitsch, William","Creating riverine wetlands: Ecological succession, nutrient retention, and pulsing effectsCreating and Restoring WetlandsPhosphorus removal in created wetland ponds receivingTemporal and Spatial Development of Soil Surface Conditions at Two Created Riverine Marshs","","","http://swamp.ag.ohio-state.edu/","1994","On-going","","North America","The Olentangy River Wetland Research Park at The Ohio State University is designed to be one of the most comprehensive wetland research and education facilities in the nation at a major university. It is located on a 30-acre site owned by The Ohio State University, immediately north of the Columbus campus. Phase 1 of site development, which featured construction of two 2.5-acre deep-water marshes and a river water delivery system, was completed in 1994. Phase 2 which involved establishing the infrastructure for research and education of the site, including additional wetlands, experimental microcosms, and a visitors' wetland pavilion, was completed in 1999. archive - To examine the temporal effects on soil development, a total of twelve soil sampling points were established between the two experimental wetlands. Sampling locations were determined based on previous soil work conducted in 1993 and 1995 (Nairn 1996). Using an outline of the experimental marshes, a grid system (Figure 1) was used to mark each intersection point in the field using marked PVC pipes. In1993 (after wetland construction, but before hydration of the marshes), soil samples were collected for each intersection point at a depth of 0-8 cm and 8-16 cm (Nairn, 1996). To determine the effect of hydration on soil development after one year, soil samples were collected at every other grid point and compared for several wetland soil parameters (Nairn, 1996). This study revisited twelve (six in each wetland) of the sampling points examined in 1993 and 1995. Grid points for this study were selected based on three criteria: 1) for both wetlands, two grid points were selected at the north, central and south portions of the wetland, 2)grid points were selected close to the boardwalk to minimize traversing through the wetland, and 3) all grid points were selected at an intermediate depth of the wetlands. Water conditions at the grid points varied from highly saturated soils to less than 3cm of standing water. For each grid point, a soil sample was collected at 0-8 cm and 8-16 cm in depth approximately 2 m east of the grid point. Standard metal soil probes were not suitable for sampling because of unavoidable compaction and the loss of soil material to standing water when the probe was extracted. As an alternative, a 16 cm+ deep soil block was carefully excavated using a garden spade shovel. Using a knife, two equal sized bricks (2 cm x 3 cm x 8 cm in length)were carefully cut from the soil block: one from the 0-8 cm depth and the other from the 8-16 cm depth. For each sample (brick), the hue, value and chroma were determined using a Musell Color Chart. Each sample was then placed in a sealed plastic bag and refrigerated until laboratory analysis. solid - Soils have been comprehensively analyzed for color and organic content on three occasions: 1993 (prior to flooding); 1995 (17 months after flooding began), and in 2003 (approximately 10 years after construction). Surface soils were sampled using a 10-m grid system established for the wetlands after they were constructed. Permanent field markers were established at each grid point that allowed for direct comparisons of soil samples collected between years. At each grid point, a sample was collected at the surface (0–8 cm depth) and subsurface (8–16 cm depth). A total of 102 wetland soil samples were collected and analyzed in 1993 and 1995 (Nairn and Mitsch, 1996), and a total of 166 in 2003. Soil color was determined at multiple sites in each wetland basin by comparing soil color to a standard Munsell color chart and the percentage of samples ≤2 was determined. Percent organic matter was estimated for each sample through loss on ignition at 550 ◦C for 1 h. gas - CH4 fluxes were quantified twice per month during a year of pulsing flow from March to September, 2004, in six 0.26-m2 plots in each wetland basin; half were located in the edge zones and contained emergent vegetation, and half were located in permanentlyinundated areas. Portable, non-steady-state chambers (Livingston and Hutchinson, 1995) were employed for gas flux measurements. Permanent PVC frames and HDPEbases were installed at edge-zone sampling locations; 4-mil, fitted polyethylene bags affixed with sampling ports were attached to the frames at the time of sampling. Permanently inundated areas were sampled with floating chambers made from the same materials.","800-1200","","","Aquic","","Scirpus fluviatilis, Nelumbo lutea, Nymphaea odorata, Potamogeton pectinatus, Acorus calamus, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Juncus effusus, Ponetderia cordata, Sagittaria latifolia, Saururus cernuus, Sparganium eurycarpum, Spartina pectinata.","Other","Cool Temperate","Two 1-ha experimental wetlands and a river water delivery system were constructed in 1993–1994 at The Olentangy River Wetland Research Park, a 12- ha wetland research site on the campus of The Ohio State University in Columbus","","800-1500","","Two 1-ha experimental wetlands and a river water delivery system were constructed in 1993–1994 at The Olentangy River Wetland Research Park, a 12- ha wetland research site on the campus of The Ohio State University in Columbus (Fig. 2). Over 2400 plant propagules (mostly root stock and rhizomes) representing 13 species typical of Midwestern USA marshes were planted in one wetland (Wetland 1, W1) in May 1994 (Fig. 3). Wetland 2 (W2) remained unplanted. Both wetlands have received the same amount and quality of pumped river water and remained essentially identical hydroperiods over the 10-year period 1994–2003","","1-2","Multiple","ROSS SERIES: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls, AND ELDEAN SERIES: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Every 5 years","1993","2004","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","" "Theoretical and technological basis of biogeochemical substances flow in agricultural landscapes","","Stavropolskiy GAU","Zootekhnicheskiy pereulok,12","","Stavropol","355017","","Russia","45.062851","41.899108","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1976","On-going","","Europe","It was arable land before 1976 year.","400-800","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","Rotation: fallow (pea+oats)-winter wheat - winter barley - corn- winter wheat-pea - winter wheat- sunflower (since 1994 - barley). Two factors field trial. 1 factor: fertilizer system: 1.Control 2.Manure 5 t/hа + NРК 3. Manure (straw, green manure) 11-12 t/hа + NР 4. Manure 5t/hа + NРК. 2 factor:different tillage.","3000-10,000","3-10","","Russian classification: leached chernozem.","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Annual","1976","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Tidal Marsh Vegetation and Soil Development","Wetland restoration ","Pamlico River estuary","","","Aurora","","","United States","35.300596","-76.788594","Craft, Christopher","Fifteen years of vegetation and soil development after brackish-water marsh creationPorewater chemistry of natural and created marsh soils","","","","1983","On-going but no long-term endowment","","North America","","","","","","","Spartina spp., Juncus roemerianus, Distichlis spicata","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","Coastal plain sediments","","","","Multiple","Typic haplosaprist Typic psammaquent","","","","",">Every 5 years","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","" "Tillage systems/cropping sequences trial C 1","","","","","","","","Australia","-30.000000","150.000000","Hulugalle, Nilantha","","","","","1985","","","Australia","solid - Dispersion (sedimentation methods), particle size distribution (hydrometer), plastic limit (drop cone penetrometer), cone index with recording penetrometer, soil reactivity (measure of self-mulching ability), Ec (1:5 soil:water), root growth (Trench profile method), soil water content (neutron probe), hydraulic conductivity (Guelph permeameter; unsuccessful: results too variable)","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Vertisol","USDA: Fine, thermic, montmorillonitic typic pellustert. Northcote: Ug 5.2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "To develop environmentally sound cropping systems of grains (spring wheat, barley), supporting soil fertility, crops yields and quality of crops of West Siberia","","Siberian NIISKH","Koroleva,2","","Omsk","644012","","Russia","54.979977","73.509521","","","","","","1972","On-going","","Asia","It was arable land before 1972.","","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Number of replicates -4. Rotation: Fallow-wheat-corn-wheat-barley. Treatments for wheat and barley: 1. Control 2. Fertilizers 3. Herbicides 4.Fertilizers + herbicides 5.Fertilizers + herbicides+fungicides 6.Fertilizers + herbicides+fungicides 7.Fertilizers + herbicides+fungicides+retardants+insecticides.","","3-10","","Russian classification: leached chernozem.","Yes","No","","Yes","Annual","1972","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "To evolve a energy-saving, high-yielding, environmentally sound cropping systems for forest-steppe of Ciscaucasian Russia","","Orel State Agricultural University","Krasnoarmeiskaya, 17","","Orel","302040","","Russia","52.985030","36.007690","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1986","On-going","","Europe","The site was arable land before 1984. Test sowing occurred in 1984-1985.","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Rotation: perennial grasses 1st year-perennial grasses 2d year- winter wheat-buckwheat-pea-corn-barley+perennial grasses. Factor A - fertilizer: 1. Control 2. N30Р30К30 3.N90Р90К90 4.N120Р120К120 5. Manure 25 t/hа 6.Manure+N90Р90К90 7.Manure 50 t/hа 8.Manure 50 t/hа+ +N90Р90К90 9.Green manure 10.Straw 11. Straw+Green manure 12. Straw+Green manure+N90Р90К90 13.Straw+Green manure+ manure 25 t/hа 14. Straw+Green manure+ manure 25 t/hа+N90Р90К90 15. Straw+Green manure+ manure 50 t/hа 16.Straw+Green manure+ manure 50 t/hа+N90Р90К90. Factor B - tillage. ","","1-2","","Russian classification: forest brown soil.","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Annual","1995","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","" "To evolve and adopt fertilizers system for plucking tea plantations of Kolchida variety","","VNIICiSK","Y. Fabricius, 2/28","","Sochi","354002","","Russia","43.621164","39.728622","","","","","","1986","On-going","","Europe","Fruit trees were cultivated on the site before 1986.","1200-2000","Mesic: 8 to 15C","No","Udic","","","Horticulture","Warm Subtropical","","10-20%","","","Rotation:continuous crop (tea). Four doses NPK were applied: 1986year - N:0-65-130-195, P:0-55-110-165, K:0-50-100-150;1987 year- N:0-70-140-210, P:0-60-120-180, K:0-50-100-150; 1990 year- N: 0-90-180-270, P:0-60-120-180, K:0-50-100-150;1993 year-N:0-120-240-360, P:0-60-120-180, K:0-50-100-150. Doses NPK in kg/ha.","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: brown forest soil.","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","1986","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "To evolve and improve foundations of field crop cultivation of grains supporting increasing of soil fertility and its reproduction applying modern methods of farming stimulation of West Siberia steppe","","Siberian NIISKH","Koroleva prospekt, 2","","Omsk","644012","","Russia","54.980766","73.377685","","","Geographical Network of Field Experiments with Fertilizers","","","1967","On-going","","Asia","It was arable land before 1967.","","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate","","","","","Number of replicates -4. Rotation: Fallow-wheat-pea-corn-wheat. Treatments: 1. Control (for grains) 2. P120 3.N45 4.Fertilizers + herbicides 5.Fertilizers + herbicides+fungicides 6. Control (for corn).","","","","Russian classification: meadow chernozem.","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Every 5 years","1967","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Triple Cereal Cropping and soil organic matter long-term experiment.","","","","","","","","China","28.083333","121.100000","Li, Shi-Ye","","","","","1974","","","Asia","Experimental field is located at the coastal plain of Zhejiang (Southern part). Soil was developed from marine deposits but had desalted after long-term cropping. It has been in a typical cereal crop - orange orchard ecosystem for centuries. In these areas the lowlands are planted with various cereal crops whilst orange trees are grown over the stripped mounds among the paddy fields. Li, S.Y. (1993) Yield stability and fertilizer efficiency of long-term triple cereal cropping in paddy fields in China. Biol. Fertil. Soils 16: 151-153. Shi-ye Li (1991) Soil management problems in multiply cropped paddy fields in China. Biol. Fertil. Soils 12: 213-216. solid - Analysis of soil enzymes such as invertase, protease, urease, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, phosphatase etc.","1200-2000","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Aquic","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Entisol","Soil developed from recent marine deposits and classified as Entisols (Hydric Haplaquents); it is a heavy clay loam and is well drained with medium productivity.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Ukraine, Poltava State Agricultural Experiment Station","","","Shvedskaya st., 86;","","Poltava","","","Ukraine","49.553725","34.628906","","","","","","1893","On-going","","Europe","The site is situated on the borderline forest steepe and steepe zone, on the high right bank of Vorksla river to the north of Poltava city. The bank territory is dissected with abundant balka's with 2-3% slopes (u-shape valleys). The experimental plot was founded on a plateau part with 0,5-1% slope. ","400-800","","","Ustic","","","Other","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","0-200","","Main study factors are different nutrient rates with (equivalent) inputs of major nutrients given either in mineral fertilizers or in manure. ","3000-10,000","","","Russian classification: Dark grey podzolized soil FAO: Haplic? Luvisol Profile description He(0-30 cm) - dark grey brownish, silty loam, weak cloddy structure, platy features from 25 cm, loose, SiO2 powder, distinct transition ; HI (31-54cm)- upper part of the horizon dark grey, brownish colour begins to prevail down the horizon, cloddy subangular structure, slightly compact, rare SiO2 powder, silty loam, distinct transition; I (54-120 cm) - greyish brown to brown, silty loam, subangular prismatic structure, very compact, rare crotovinas, SiO2 powder, distinct transition; Pb (120-126 cm) - parent carbonate-free material, brown, clay cutans, clear transition based on effervescence Pk (126 cm) calcareous loess, brown with carbonate white veins, crotovinas with materialof the humus horizons Root zone - 0-0,8 m ","Yes","","","Yes","","1893","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Ultuna long-term soil organic matter experiment","","","","","","","","Sweden","60.000000","17.000000","Persson, Jan","Ultuna long-term soil organic matter experimentUsing the continuous-quality theory to predict microbial biomass and soil organic carbon following organic amendments","","","","1956","","","Europe","","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","","","","Inceptisol","Typic Eutrochrept (Soil Survey Staff, 1987). Eutric Cambisol (FAO 1988)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "University of Pretoria long-term crop rotation and fertilization experiment","","","","","","","","South Africa","-25.750000","28.266667","Hammes, Piet","","","","http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03112002-145913","1939","","","Africa","Also check: **Biology and Fertility of Soils 35:420-427; **South African J of Plant and Soil 19(2):104-110; **South African J Plant and Soil 18(1):1-6. formerly experiment 11 - notes from 11 follow Emd: asfaw_b@yahoo.com ? (joey.herman@up.ac.za, assist, charlie.reinhardt@up.ac.za19, dept chair) Jul 05; Biology and fertility of soils. 35, no. 6 (July 2002): p. 420-427 A. Belay (?) · A.S. Claassens Department of Plant Production and Soil Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa e-mail: asfaw_b@yahoo.com F.C. Wehner Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa Present address: A. Belay, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA ","","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","Factorial experiment comprising 32 treatment combinations on 128 plots laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates.","10-100","","Alfisol","Loamy, mixed, thermic Rhodic Kandiudalf","","","","","Never","","","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","","","Yes","" "Uruguary Crop-Pasture Rotations","","","","","","","","Uruguay","","","","Integrating no-till into crop–pasture rotations in Uruguay","","","http://www.inia.org.uy/estaciones/la_estanzuela/estanzuela.htm","1963","","","South America","Garcia-Prechac F, Ernst O, Siri-Prieto G, Terra JA. 2004. ""Integrating no-till into crop-pasture rotations in Uruguay."" SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 77 (1): 1-13.","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Mollisol","Typic Argiudoll","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Uruguay LTSE","","","","","","","","Uruguay","","","Morón, David","","","","","","","","South America","Emailed Prof. Moron Sept 05, 2006","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Valle del Mezquital/Distrito de Riego 03","wastewater irrigation soil organic carbon nutrients heavy metals ","Mixquiahuala","","","Mixquiahuala","","","Mexico","20.222415","-99.222679","Siebe, Christina","","","","","1990","On-going","","North America","chronosequence study, first sampled in 1990, second time sampled programmed for 2009","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","No","Ustic","No","Prosopis juliflora (natural), Zea Mays, Medicago sativa","Arable","Warm Subtropical","Valley enclosed by volcanic and limestone mountains","0-2%","1500-2500","alluvium or colluvium over volcanic tuffs, at some places a caliche crust formed on top of the volcanic tuff layer.","Flieds cropped with maize or alfalfa, irrigated for different lengths of time (0, 4, 16, 20, 35, 65 and 80 years) with wastewater and corresponding to Leptosols, Phaeozems and Vertisol soil types.","3000-10,000","10-20","Mollisol","Calciustolls, Pellusterts, Haplustolls, Durustolls","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","Once","1990","1991","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","Yes","No","No","No","No","Yes","No" "Wagga Wagga soil organic carbon experiment","","","","","","","","Australia","-35.083333","147.583333","","Long-term impact of rotation, tillage and stubble management on the loss of soil organic carbon and nitrogen from a Chromic Luvisol","","","http://www.agric.nsw.gov.au/reader/1145","1979","","","Australia","From Soil and Tillage Research, Vol. 76, Iss. 1, pages 59-68","","","","","","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Alfisol","Chromic Luvisol; Fertile Red Earth","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Waite Permanent Rotation Trial","","","","","","","","Australia","-34.966667","138.633333","Grace, Peter","","","","","1925","","","Australia","solid - One off measurements since 1962 include: carbohydrates, polysaccharides, organophosphorus, light fraction, humic/fulvic fractions, NMR characterisation of whole soil from selected plots, Inert OM of whole soil from selected plots (1994).","","","","","","","","Warm Subtropical","","","","","","","","Alfisol","Rhodoxeralf (Soil Taxonomy) Alfisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Water balance and water quality from agricultural catchments -Greenmount, Queensland, Australia","","","","","","","","Australia","-27.766667","151.916667","Freebairn, David","","","","http://www.freebairn.info/data","1976","Terminated","1991","Australia","This project examined the influence of rainfall intensity, runoff rate, and ground cover on suspended sediment moving through contour bay catchments and the effects of contour banks on sediment delivery. Several methods of sampling and calculating suspended soil loss were also evaluated. Freebairn, DM and Wockner, GH.(1986). A study of soil erosion on vertisols of the eastern Darling Downs, Queensland. I. Effect of surface conditions on soil movement within contour bay catchments. Aust J. Soil Res. 24, 135 58. Freebairn, DM and Wockner, GH. (1986). A study of soil erosion on vertisols of the eastern Darling Downs, Queensland. II. The effect of soil, rainfall and flow conditions on suspended sediment losses. Aust. J. Soil Res. 24, 159-72. water - Gravimetric sampling to 1.2 m depth in 6 intervals 3+ times per year vegative - Cover (green and crop residue) grain yield on harvest Biota - collected only occasionally","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","Ustic","No","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","5-10%","200-500","Basalt","Five 1.2 ha contour bay catchments with a range of tillage, crop and pasture systems, monitored for 15 years. Soil water, cover, roughness, hydrology, erosion and water quality monitored.","","","Vertisol","Black earth (Ug 5.15; Northcote 1974) belongs to the Irving clay soil association Udic Pellustert","","No","No","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","No","Yes","No","No","" "Water balance and water quality from agricultural catchments -Greenwood, Queensland, Australia","","","","","","","","Australia","-27.333333","151.733333","Freebairn, David","","","","http://www.freebairn.info/data","1978","Terminated","1984","Australia","","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","Yes","Ustic","No","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","""This study was carried out at Greenwood via Acland, 25 km north-west of Toowoomba, which is 470 m above sea level and has a westerly aspect. Runoff from this site flows along ephemeral streams until reaching the flood plains of the Condamine River. Flow lines on the flood plains are indistinct, and flooding is characterised by broad, shallow flows. ""","2-5%","200-500","Walloon sandstone","Five contour bay cathments were instrumented to measure hydrology, erosion, water quality from typucal agricultural manageemnt units. V notch weirs were used at the end of normal farm catchments.","","3-10","Vertisol","Grey clay, Ug 5.16, derived from Walloon sandstone and belongs to the Moola clay soil association Udic Chromustert ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","Yes","No","No","No","No","" "Water balance and water quality from agricultural catchments -Wallumbilla, Queensland, Australia","","","","","","","","Australia","-26.466667","149.100000","Freebairn, David","","","","http://www.freebairn.info/data","1982","Terminated","1998","Australia","Four 3-6 ha contour bay catchments( farmer managed) with hydrology, water quality, soil erosion and productivity monitored from a range of tillage and pasture practices. water - Gravimentric sampling 3 times /year to 1.5 m depth in 6 increments vegetative - Soil cover, roughness, grain crop yield at harvest","400-800","Thermic: 15 to 22C","Yes","Ustic","No","","Arable","Warm Subtropical","""Rolling hills of < 3% slope, fcracking clay soils formed on tertiay sediments, toward drier margin for economic braod acre cropping. Typical mixed grain cropping and pasture for beef production""","2-5%","200-500","Sandstone","The broad intention was that the catchments should have maximum contrast in surface conditions, whether this be soil cover or roughness produced from a range of tillage options. Tillage options available included no tillage with chemical weed control, subsurface or blade tillage which created soil disturbance but maintained stubble residue on the surface, through to aggressive tillage to remove crop residues","","3-10","Vertisol","Soil Taxonomy classification: Entic Chromustert, mixed, fine, thermic. FAO Unesco soil unit: Chromic Vertisol. US Taxonomy: Vertisols with alkaline horizons over strongly acid clays are rather unique to Brigalow areas of Australia. Entic chromustert, fine, mixed, thermic ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yes","No","Yes","","","","Yes","No","","No","Yes","No","","","","" "Water use and growth of maize under water stress on soil after fertilizers","","","","","","","","Japan","","","","","","","http://www.farm.kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp/efarm.htm","1988","","","Asia","Plant Production Science, March 2002, Vol 5, 58-64 Water Use and Growth of Maize under Water Stress on the Soil after Long-Term Applications of Chemical and/or Organic Fertilizers Kun-Zhi Li, Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa, Kazuki Saito and Takeshi Horie 58 ","","","","","","","Arable","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Woburn Ley-Arable","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","52.033333","-0.600000","","","","","","1938","","","Europe","solid - Concentrations of NO3-N in soil water, using porous cups. Selected treatments 1993-94.","","","","","","","","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","Also has (currently) 3 or 8 year leys (grass+N or grass/clover) followed by 2 years arable.","","","","Inceptisol","There are 3 soil series present on the experiment. Cottenham, brown sand on Lower Greensand. Lowlands, coll","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Woburn Market Garden","","","","","","","","United Kingdom","52.033333","-0.600000","","","","","","1942","","","Europe","The long-term Woburn Market Garden Experiment was established in 1942 to study the effects of different organic manures (including sewage sludge) on crop yield (Johnston & Wedderburn, 1975). Over greensand. Arable crops 1942-1972, grass 1972-1982, crops 1982-1989, permanent clover 1989-> archive - Archived soil samples: 1942,57,61,67,72,74,84 dating from 1942 Archived crop samples: Most 1960-1980 Archived inorganic fertilizer samples: Maybe P, N? dating from ? Archived organic fertilizer samples: all dating from 1942 Soil sampling * Time zero soil measurements taken. Immediately before experiment in 1942. 0-15 inches and 15-30 inches. Samples kept. C, N, P, heavy metals measured. * Details of soil sampling method: 3 cm semicylindrical auger, 15 cores per plot, all at least 1 m from plot edges on a random walk. * Soil is separated into layers * Details of measuring depths and soil layers: Not every year. 0-9 inches most common. Also in 1961, 1967, 1984 some or all of 0-9,9-12,12-18,18-24,24-27 or 24-30 inches. solid - Soil properties * Depth of root limiting layer: No root limiting layer * Approximate water holding capacity: 35 mm per 250 mm * Approximate cation exchange capacity: 120 mmol/kg * Approximate minimum carbon content: 1% * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 10 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.3 g/cm3 * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 9.4% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 20 um): 38% * Percent sand (i.e. particles between 20 um and 2000 um): 51% * Approximate soil pH: 6.5 * Approximate minimum soil pH: 6.5 * Approximate maximum soil pH: 6.5 * Method of determining soil pH: In water. Soil:water = 1:2.5 vegetative - Vegetation measurements made and frequency * Yield: Yearly, except clover/grass * Total above-ground dry matter: Occasional * Total dry matter offtake: Occasional * Nitrogen content of offtake: Occasional * Heavy metals in plants ","400-800","","","Udic","","Arable crops 1942-1972, grass 1972-1982, crops 1982-1989, permanent clover 1989->","Arable","Cool Temperate","See Johnston & Wedderburn 1974. Over greensand.","","","Floating over Greensand.","a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 5.18 m Length of smallest plot is 8.15 m Slope: 0.25-2 % . Shape: Uniform Details of direction of cultivation: Right angles Width of Bare Strip around plot: None Width of Discard Strip around plot: Variable Details of homogeneity of the plots: See two papers by McGrath & Lane describing a model for physical dispersion of soil particles by cultivation on these plots b) Details of replication, randomization and controls The experiment has a randomized plot design. There are control plots described as follows: * Inorganic fertilizers only - double reps compared with 'organic' treatments None Limited back-checking of Walkley/Black and Tinsley measurements/ See Johnston papers. ","","","Entisol","Typic Udipsamment, Cottenham Series, a loamy sand developed in drift over Lower Greensand. See Johnston & Wedderburn (1974). Williams (1974).","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","1942","1984","Yes","","Yes","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","","","","Yes","","Yes","","","","","","","" "Woodslee tile runoff rotation experiment","","","","","","","","Canada","42.216667","-82.733333","","","","","","1959","","","North America","The experiment was initiated to evaluate the importance of leaching via subsurface drains, in relation to crop rotation and fertilizer application. Bluegrass sod plots were used as checks for comparison of runoff and soil nutrient loss. The first publication results for a 7-yr period were reported by Bolton et al. (1970). Centre for Land & Biological Resources Research, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Can archive - We are currently looking for stored samples. There are soils from a nearby site that were taken in early 1960s and which HAVE been stored. solid - otal carbon: 1991,93. Method of measuring total carbon: Elemental analyzer.    Biomass carbon: 1991,93. Method of measuring biomass carbon: Fumigation extraction    Carbon measurements in other organic matter fractions: 1991,93. Method: C in the Light Fraction    Carbon dioxide evolution: 1991,93. Method: Mineralizable C during 20 week incubation.    Total nitrogen: 1990. Method of measuring total nitrogen: Elemental analyzer    Total mineral nitrogen: 1993. Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: In 2 M KCl    Biomass nitrogen: 1990,93. Method of measuring biomass nitrogen: Fumigation extraction    Soil bulk density or weight: 1990,93. Method of measuring soil bulk density or weight: Core    Other nutrients: Total P and P fractions were measured in 1993. N, P, K, Ca, Mg measured in tile drains 1961-67 - annual losses calculated. See Bolton et al 1970. gas - Carbon dioxide evolution: 1991,93. Method: Mineralizable C during 20 week incubation.","","","","","","Undisturbed forest","Arable","Cool Temperate","","0-2%","","","Crops grown: corn-oats-alfalfa, bluegrass 6 crop treatments 1. Continuous corn 2. Continuous bluegrass 3. Rotation corn 4. Rotation oats 5. Rotation alfalfa (1st year) 6. Rotation alfalfa (2nd year) The three cropping systems were continuous corn, continuous bluegrass and a four-year rotation of corn-oats-alfalfa-alfalfa. Each crop in the rotation was grown every year, making a total of six (6) crop treatments. A randomized block design for cropping systems was used. One set of 6 plots received no fertilizer application while the other set received 5-20-20 fertilizer at the rate of 336 kg/ha per year, applied to all crops except first and second year alfalfa in rotation. Corn plots received an additional application of N, side-dressed at 112 kg/ha per year. ","","","Inceptisol","Brookston Clay (Orthic Humic Gleysol) , Umbric Gleysols","","","","","","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Yield and crop quality as affected by different fertilizer rates and time of fertilization. Crop rotation productivity and P regime of soddy podsolic loamy sand soil as affected by new types of P fertilizers direct and residual effect.","","Disrict Experimental station named after Suvorov","Kazintsa st.,62, Minsk","","Minsk Region, Uzdensk","220108,","","Belarus","53.852526","27.773437","","","","","","1986","On-going","","Europe","Before the experiment the territory was used as a farm field with crop rotation ","400-800","","No","Udic","","","Arable","Cool Temperate Boreal","","0-2%","0-200","","Yield and crop quality as affected by different fertilizer rates and time of fertilization ","1000-3000","","","Russian classification: soddy podsolic, deep gley, loamy sand on stratified sandy-loamy sandy sediments Sandy loam till upper border -1.3 m Profile description A pl (0-29/31/), arable uniform grey, loamy sand,loose to slightly compact, wet,fine cloddy structure, abundant roots,distinct transition A2B (29/31/-54) mottled in colour: rare bleached mottles on light grey colour with grey tongues nearby upper border, apedal, compact, with earthwormchannels, wet, sandy, distinct transition BC (54-94) not homogeneous in colour, with brownish, brown and reddidh-brownmottles, subangular-plateau structure, compaction non uniform, with clay cutans on ped faces,wet, loamy sand and sandy layers, non-wavy boundary, distinct transition Cg (94-130) faded brown with increasing blueish colour doen the horison, contains rusty tongue with subangular structure, fine porosity, loosy loamy sand, distinct transition, flat boundary D (131-150) Bedding rock - reddish-brown sandy loam, blocked structure, single boulders Soil map of the experimental field is also available. ","Yes","","","Yes","Annual","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","Yes","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","" "Yield and soil fertility trends in a 20-year rice-rice-wheat experiment in Nepal","","","","","","","","Nepal","27.533333","83.466667","","Yield and soil fertility trends in a 20-year rice-rice-wheat experiment in Nepal","","","","1978","","","Asia","Biology and Fertility of Soils, Jul 2001, Vol 34, 73-78 SSSAJ 2002, 66: 857+ archive - Soil samples from the 0- to 15-cm layer were collected from three sites in each plot with a bottomless 20 by 20 by 65 cm (width by length by depth) core sampler at 5 to 10 d after the harvest of second rice. The entire volume of soil was weighed and mixed thoroughly and a subsample was taken to determine dry weight. The fresh soil was air-dried for 7 d, sieved through a 2-mm screen, mixed, and stored in sealed plastic jars for analysis.","1200-2000","","","Aquic","","Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","Arable","Warm Subtropical","","","0-200","Himalayan residuum","The experiment included three crops per year, first rice (April–July), second rice (July–November), and wheat (November–March), with nine treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications.","10-100","3-10","Inceptisol","Typic Haplaquepts (calcareous)","","","Yes","","Annual","1988","1997","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Yield and Soil Nutrient Changes in a Long-Term Rice-Wheat Rotation in India","","","","","","","","India","31.000000","75.500000","","Yield and soil nutrient changes in a long-term rice-wheat rotation in India","","","","1983","","","Asia","soil archive - Soil samples were collected periodically (1988, 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1997) 15 d after the wheat harvest from the 0- to 15-cm soil depth using a 5-cm-diam. auger. Each sample was a composite from three locations. The fresh soil was mixed thoroughly, air-dried for 7 d, sieved through a 2-mm screen, mixed, and stored in sealed plastic jars for analysis.","800-1200","","","Ustic","","","Arable","Tropical","","0-2%","0-200","","The experiment included two crops per year, rice (July–October) and wheat (November–April), with 11 treatments (T1–T11) arranged in a randomized block design with three replications","10-100","","Inceptisol","Typic Ustochrept","","","Yes","","Every 5 years","1988","1997","Yes","","Yes","Yes","","","","Yes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Yield declines in long-term rice-wheat experiments in Asia","","","","","","","","","","","","How extensive are yield declines in long-term rice-wheat experiments in Asia?","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/03784290/2003/00000081/00000002/art002...","","","","Asia","Field Crops Research, Feb 2003, Vol 81, 159-180 CROSS SITE STUDY Numerous countries","","","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Yurimaguas","","","","","","","","Peru","","","","","","","","1972","Terminated","1989","South America","described in Smyth, T.J., and D.K. Cassel. 1995. In: Soil management: experimental basis for sustainability","","Thermic: 15 to 22C","","","","","Arable","Tropical","","0-2%","","","","","","Ultisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Zackenberg Ecological Research Operation (ZERO)","","","","","","","","Greenland","74.300000","-21.000000","","","","","ZERO","","On-going","","Europe","","","","No","","","Graminoids","Other","Polar","","","","","","","","Gelisol","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""