Design (short description):
Treatments are replicated (n = 3). Plot size is 10 m x 15 m. TREATMENT METHOD: CONTROL Normal litter inputs are allowed. NO LITTER Aboveground inputs are excluded from plots by raking. DOUBLE LITTER Aboveground leaves/needles are doubled by adding litter from NO LITTER plots. DOUBLE WOOD Aboveground CWD inputs are doubled by adding shredded CWD NO ROOTS Roots are excluded by inserting barriers around plots in backfilled trenches NO INPUTS Combined treatments from NO LITTER and NO ROOTS (above).