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Land Use Experiment (DIII, Berlin-Dahlem/Germany) - LTSE

Relationships
Data Holder: 
Ellmer, Frank
Location:
Germany
Latitude: 52.466667
Longitude: 13.300000
Background
Continent: 
Europe
Year LTSE Began: 
1923
Comments: 
a) Soil description Albic Luvisol (FAO) Ap 0-30 cm: silty sand, single grain structure; Al 30-50 cm: silty sand, single grain structure; al/IIBt 50-60 cm: silty/loamy sand, single grain/subpolyhedric structure; IIbt 60-80 cm: loamy sand, single grain/subpolyhedric structure; IICv >80 cm: loamy sand, single grain/subpolyhedric structure. b) Soil properties * Depth of root limiting layer: No root limiting layer * Approximate water holding capacity: 21 mm per 100 mm * Approximate soil organic matter content: 1.2% * Approximate carbon content: .7% * Approximate carbon:nitrogen ratio: 10 * Approximate soil bulk density: 1.7 g/cm3 * Approximate minimum ground water level: 2000 cm * Percent clay (i.e. particles less than 2 um): 4% * Percent silt (i.e. particles between 2 um and 63 um): 23% * Percent sand (i.e. particles between 63 um and 2000 um): 73% * Approximate soil pH: 5.5 * Approximate minimum soil pH: 5.5 * Approximate maximum soil pH: 5.5 * Method of determining soil pH: CaCl2 archive - b) Soil sampling * Details of soil sampling method: 25 single samples are taken per plot using an auger, combined to give a mixed sample. The samples are generally taken from 3 replications (nos 4,5,6; ie 96 plots) at irregular intervals, depending on special research projects. Due to the large number of treatments (32) sampling is sometimes limited to selected treatments. * Soil is separated into layers * Details of measuring depths and soil layers: 0-16,16-30,30-50 cm. The frequency of sampling is generally the same for all layers. solid - Soil measurements made and frequency * Total carbon: Irregular - 1937,52,56,62,67,70,88,89,90. * Method of measuring total carbon: Different methods used during the course of the experiment. The latest sampling used gas chromatographic determination of CO2 and N2 after dry combustion of soil (with Nitrogen Analyser Carlo Erba 1500). * Total nitrogen: Irregular (1937,52,56,62,67,70,88,89,90). * Method of measuring total nitrogen: Methods have varied during the course of the experiment. * Total mineral nitrogen: 1989,1990 only * Method of measuring total mineral nitrogen: NO3 - Na-Salicylate method; NH4 - Nessler's Reagent * Soil bulk density or weight: Irregular (1961/2,67-70,88) * Other nutrients: pH (1923,26,29,31,32,34,39,46,47,52,56,62,67,70,75,85,88,89, 90). P (1924,32,38,49,52,56,62,67,70). K (1924,32,38,56,62,67,70). Ca (1956). Mg (1956). Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn (1988/89). * Atmospheric inputs: Measurements of nutrient inputs (several anions and cations) contained in rainfall are available (long term values from other experiments in the research station). * Other measurements: Soil: several microbiological parameters (1988-90). Plant: sociology of weeds (1988-90); investigaations into the yield structure of cereals (ears/sq m, 1000 grain weight, grains/ear, grains/sq m, nos of fertile and sterile spikelets, etc), since 1967. vegetative - Yield: Annual * Total above-ground dry matter: Annual * 1967-70: N,P,K. 1989/89: Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn (selected treatments).
Environment
Annual Precipitation (mm): 
400-800
Is atmospheric deposition chemistry monitored?: 
Yes
Dominant plant species (latin genus and species): 
Since 1967, 4 year rotation either fodder beet,winter wheat, potatoes, winter wheat or winter rye,winter wheat,oats,winter wheat (treatment E). Treatments: A.2xdepth of ploughing; B.with/without lime; C.with/without phosphate; D.with/without stable manure; E.crop rotation. A,B,C from 1923; D since 1939; E since 1967.
Landuse: 
Arable
Ecoregion: 
Cool Temperate
Slope (%): 
0-2%
Elevation (m): 
0-200
Geological material: 
Glacial origins.
Experimental Design
Design (short description): 
Width of smallest plot is 4 m Length of smallest plot is 5 m Slope: Negligible . Shape: Uniform Details of direction of cultivation: Parallel Width of Bare Strip around plot: None Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.5 m Details of homogeneity of the plots: Variability is high due to 1) natural soil heterogeneity; 2) treatments, esp. line and manure fertilizing, which influence pH,SOM,nutrients very differently in the various zones of the plots. The problem is intensified by the small plot size. Some small investigations were done in the pase, but systematic research work is still missing. There are at least 6 replicates in the experiment. Systematic design.
Permanent plot area (square meters): 
10-100
Soil Classification
soilorder: 
Alfisol
Soil taxa (ex, Great Group of Soil Taxonomy): 
Albic Luvisol (FAO)
Soil/Data Archive
Year of first sampling for archive: 
1975
Soil Solid Data
pH and acidity: 
Yes
Organic Carbon: 
Yes
Nitrogen: 
Yes
Bulk Density: 
Yes
Vegetation Data
Biomass above ground: 
Yes
Macronutrient contents: 
Yes
Micronutrient contents: 
Yes