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Comparative efficiency of FYM & inorganic fertilizers (experiment 2) - LTSE

Location:
Dolgoprudnaya Agrochemical Experiment Station,
Russia
Latitude: 55.924585
Longitude: 37.545776
Background
Continent: 
Europe
Year LTSE Began: 
1931
On-going or Terminated?: 
On-going
Comments: 
Until 1925 the plot was under mixed forest. In 1926 the forest was eliminated. From 1927 to 1931, the test sowing of vetch-oats mixture was performed. Until the establishment of the experiment, fertilizers and lime were not applied. Flat territory.
Environment
Annual Precipitation (mm): 
400-800
Is temperature regime isothermic? ie, do mean monthly temperatures deviate by <6C?: 
No
Soil moisture regime: 
Udic
Landuse: 
Arable
Ecoregion: 
Cool Temperate
Slope (%): 
0-2%
Elevation (m): 
0-200
Experimental Design
Design (short description): 
The experiment was conducted in a 4-field crop rotation: clover-sown fallow– winter cereals– row crops– spring cereals (oat). The experimental site consists of 4 fields. Since 1948, there were two backgrounds with respect to liming: with liming and without it. Lime was applied in 1947, 1970, and 1982, based on neutralization of full hydrolytic acidity level. 1st – 4th rotation (from 1931 to 1947). Four-field crop rotation with clover fallow; no lime applied. Crops: row crops – clover and timothy fallow; cereals – winter rye, oat with grass; row crops – potatoes and fodder beet (simultaneously on one plot divided on two halves). There were 3 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM – 36 t/ha per rotation (12 t/ha at each crop except for clover); 3. NPKCa (rates of each element are in FYM equivalent). 5th – 11th rotation (from 1948 to 1974). Four-field crop rotation with clover fallow; 2 backgrounds with regard to liming: (1) with lime, (2) no lime applied. Crops: clover fallow; cereals – winter rye, oat+grasses; row crops – fodder beet (from the 8th rotation- potatoes). There were 6 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM – 36 t/ha per rotation (12 t/ha at each crop except for clover); 3. NPKCa (rates of each element are in FYM equivalent ); 4. Lime; 5. Lime+FYM (36 t/ha); 6. Lime+NPKCa (rates of elements are in FYM equivalent ). 12th rotation – present (from 1975). Four-field crop rotation with clover fallow; 2 backgrounds with regard to liming: (1) with lime, (2) no lime applied. Crops: clover fallow; cereals – winter wheat, oat+grasses; row crops – potatoes (from 1994-sunflower). There were 6 treatments with regard to fertilization: 1. Nil input; 2. FYM – 60 t/ha per rotation (24 t/ha at winter wheat and potatoes, and 12 t/ha at oat); 3. NPKCa (rates of each element are in FYM equivalent); 4. Lime; 5. Lime+FYM (60 t/ha); 6. Lime+NPKCa (rates of elements are in FYM equivalent). The average annual rates of fertilizers at different crops during the experiment: N60P30K50 (in equiv. 12 t/ha of FYM); N120P60K100 (in equiv. 24 t/ha of FYM). (P - in P205, K in K20)
Permanent plot area (square meters): 
3000-10,000
Soil Classification
Soil taxa (ex, Great Group of Soil Taxonomy): 
Russian classification: soddy podzolic heavy loamy on heavy mantle loam. FAO: podzoluvisols Profile description.( soil pit N43, 1922 year) A0 – 0-2, sod cover. A1 – 2-14 cm, gray-brown, lower part of a lighter colouring; platy structure; very frequently permeated by plant roots. Transition to the next horizon is gradual. A2 – 14-22 cm. Whitish; the colour is not quite homogeneous, there are very small iron nodules. High porosity, relatively high number of earth-worm channels. Fine-platy structure, colour of inner parts of aggregates is not homogeneous. Transition to the next horizon is gradual. B1 – 22-50 cm. Dark-brown with bleached veins, nutty structure, ped faces slightly covered with whitish powdering; weakly bleaching in pores and fissures. B2 – 50-120 cm. Yellow-brown, more light than previous, prismatic structure, porous. Sides of soil particles and the surfaces of cracks are covered with a brown cutans, not abundant whitish powdering of cracks, abundance of Mn black spots. B3 – 120-160 cm. Yellowish light-brown, the colour is lighter than that of B2; abu- dance of rusty spots. Cloody weak structure, very compact; walls of cracks are filled with brown-red cutans. Single till boulders. B3 – 160-230 cm. Predomination of rusty colour , which is lighter than that of the upper horizon. Cracks are very few; their walls are covered with a darker and thick cutans. The number of boulders is higher than in the upper horizon. Distinct diagonal banding is observed in some parts of the horison, very compact, porous inner part of peds, single plant roots Thickness of root layer - 120 cm. Water holding capacity of the arable horizon – 36% Soil granulometric composition, physical properties and bulk analysis results (incl. total C and N ) in 1922 soil pit are available.
Soil/Data Archive
Data Archive: 
Yes
Soil Solid Data
pH and acidity: 
Yes
Water holding capacity: 
Yes
Bulk Density: 
Yes
Soil Water Data
pH and alkalinity: 
Yes
Other macronutrients: 
Yes
Vegetation Data
Biomass above ground: 
Yes
Biomass below ground: 
Yes
Macronutrient contents: 
Yes
Micronutrient contents: 
Yes
Harvest mass: 
Yes
Harvest nutrient contents: 
Yes